标签：subject 指定 complex tty c 语言 char void str amp
结构体写法形式有点像枚举，本身意义更像数组，但可以是一组不同类型的数据。
struct Books { char title[50]; char author[50]; char subject[100]; int book_id; } book;
结构体的形式：
struct tag { member-list member-list member-list ... } variable-list ;
在一般情况下，tag、member-list、variable-list 这 3 部分至少要出现 2 个。以下为实例：
1，//这个结构体并没有标明其标签 struct { int a; char b; double c; } s1; 2，//此声明声明了拥有3个成员的结构体，分别为整型的a，字符型的b和双精度的c //结构体的标签被命名为SIMPLE,没有声明变量 struct SIMPLE { int a; char b; double c; }; //用SIMPLE标签的结构体，另外声明了变量t1、t2、t3 struct SIMPLE t1, t2[20], *t3; 3，//也可以用typedef创建新类型 typedef struct { int a; char b; double c; } Simple2; //现在可以用Simple2作为类型声明新的结构体变量 Simple2 u1, u2[20], *u3;
1,和2的声明会被编译器当作两个完全不同的类型，如果令 t3=&s1，则是非法的。
个人理解就像java中类的成员一样，如果类名称不一，依然是两个不同类。
//此结构体的声明包含了其他的结构体 struct COMPLEX { char string[100]; struct SIMPLE a; }; //此结构体的声明包含了指向自己类型的指针 struct NODE { char string[100]; struct NODE *next_node; };
这样好理解，要用之前至少大概类型占位符占个坑吧
struct B; //对结构体B进行不完整声明 //结构体A中包含指向结构体B的指针 struct A { struct B *partner; //other members; }; //结构体B中包含指向结构体A的指针，在A声明完后，B也随之进行声明 struct B { struct A *partner; //other members; };
#include <stdio.h> struct Books { char title[50]; char author[50]; char subject[100]; int book_id; } book = {"C 语言", "RUNOOB", "编程语言", 123456}; int main() { printf("title : %s\nauthor: %s\nsubject: %s\nbook_id: %d\n", book.title, book.author, book.subject, book.book_id); }
执行：
title : C 语言
author: RUNOOB
subject: 编程语言
book_id: 123456
使用成员访问运算符点（.），使用 struct 关键字来定义结构类型的变量
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> struct Books { char title[50]; char author[50]; char subject[100]; int book_id; }; int main( ) { struct Books Book1; /* 声明 Book1，类型为 Books */ struct Books Book2; /* 声明 Book2，类型为 Books */ /* Book1 详述 */ strcpy( Book1.title, "C Programming"); strcpy( Book1.author, "Nuha Ali"); strcpy( Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial"); Book1.book_id = 6495407; /* Book2 详述 */ strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing"); strcpy( Book2.author, "Zara Ali"); strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial"); Book2.book_id = 6495700; /* 输出 Book1 信息 */ printf( "Book 1 title : %s\n", Book1.title); printf( "Book 1 author : %s\n", Book1.author); printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\n", Book1.subject); printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\n", Book1.book_id); /* 输出 Book2 信息 */ printf( "Book 2 title : %s\n", Book2.title); printf( "Book 2 author : %s\n", Book2.author); printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\n", Book2.subject); printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\n", Book2.book_id); return 0; } 输出： Book 1 title : C Programming Book 1 author : Nuha Ali Book 1 subject : C Programming Tutorial Book 1 book_id : 6495407 Book 2 title : Telecom Billing Book 2 author : Zara Ali Book 2 subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial Book 2 book_id : 6495700
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> struct Books { char title[50]; char author[50]; char subject[100]; int book_id; }; /* 函数声明 */ void printBook( struct Books book ); int main( ) { struct Books Book1; /* 声明 Book1，类型为 Books */ struct Books Book2; /* 声明 Book2，类型为 Books */ /* Book1 详述 */ strcpy( Book1.title, "C Programming"); strcpy( Book1.author, "Nuha Ali"); strcpy( Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial"); Book1.book_id = 6495407; /* Book2 详述 */ strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing"); strcpy( Book2.author, "Zara Ali"); strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial"); Book2.book_id = 6495700; /* 输出 Book1 信息 */ printBook( Book1 ); /* 输出 Book2 信息 */ printBook( Book2 ); return 0; } void printBook( struct Books book ) { printf( "Book title : %s\n", book.title); printf( "Book author : %s\n", book.author); printf( "Book subject : %s\n", book.subject); printf( "Book book_id : %d\n", book.book_id); }
当上面的代码被编译和执行时，它会产生下列结果： Book title : C Programming Book author : Nuha Ali Book subject : C Programming Tutorial Book book_id : 6495407 Book title : Telecom Billing Book author : Zara Ali Book subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial Book book_id : 6495700
struct Books *struct_pointer;
通过&获取地址
struct_pointer = &Book1;
如果是采用指针，使用 -> 运算符得到成员
struct_pointer->title;
例子：
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> struct Books { char title[50]; char author[50]; char subject[100]; int book_id; }; /* 函数声明 */ void printBook( struct Books *book ); int main( ) { struct Books Book1; /* 声明 Book1，类型为 Books */ struct Books Book2; /* 声明 Book2，类型为 Books */ /* Book1 详述 */ strcpy( Book1.title, "C Programming"); strcpy( Book1.author, "Nuha Ali"); strcpy( Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial"); Book1.book_id = 6495407; /* Book2 详述 */ strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing"); strcpy( Book2.author, "Zara Ali"); strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial"); Book2.book_id = 6495700; /* 通过传 Book1 的地址来输出 Book1 信息 */ printBook( &Book1 ); /* 通过传 Book2 的地址来输出 Book2 信息 */ printBook( &Book2 ); return 0; } void printBook( struct Books *book ) { printf( "Book title : %s\n", book->title); printf( "Book author : %s\n", book->author); printf( "Book subject : %s\n", book->subject); printf( "Book book_id : %d\n", book->book_id); } 当上面的代码被编译和执行时，它会产生下列结果： Book title : C Programming Book author : Nuha Ali Book subject : C Programming Tutorial Book book_id : 6495407 Book title : Telecom Billing Book author : Zara Ali Book subject : Telecom Billing Tutorial Book book_id : 6495700
标签：subject 指定 complex tty c 语言 char void str amp
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/straybirds/p/14782362.html
