利用XtraBackup给MYSQL热备(基于数据文件)

利用XtraBackup给MYSQL热备(基于数据文件)
利用 XtraBackup 快速配置主从服务器
这XtraBackup 个主要包含2个命令 xtrabackup 和 innobackupex 第一个是他的主程序另外个他自己封装的脚本一般用脚本来完成备份
这是工作笔记比较凌乱凑合着看吧

获取XtraBackup

获取XtraBackup(其中1.6里面有个WIN版本的测试后很头疼各种BUG未解决 WIN下的MYSQL还是使用远程备份吧)

http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/

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# 例如我的环境是CENTOS 6X 64BIT的

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mkdir -p $HOME/downloads;cd $HOME/downloads

1 # 多线程下载

`2`	`lftp -c` `"pget -n 30 http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/RPM/rhel6/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64.rpm"`

安装

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# 然后安装

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# 安装前可能需要 yum -y install libaio perl-Time-HiRes

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# 然后再。。。

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# 查看安装包信息

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rpm -qip percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

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# 安装

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rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

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# 拆卸

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rpm -e percona-xtrabackup

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# 否则可能出现以下提示

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error: Failed dependencies:

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        libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64

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        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64

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        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64

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        perl(Time::HiRes) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-2.1.5-680.rhel6.x86_64

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# 好 这次安装顺利过去了

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xtrabackup --version

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xtrabackup version 2.1.5 for Percona Server 5.1.70 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 680)

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#

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开始备份(如果在MY.CNF里面配置了[XtraBackup]节的用户和密码就可以使用不带密码的方式备份)

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BACKUP_DIR="/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013/11/23/2"

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mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

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# xtrabackup --backup --datadir=Mysql源数据目录 --target-dir=Mysql备份数据存放目录

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xtrabackup --backup --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/ --target-dir=$BACKUP_DIR

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xtrabackup --backup --user=root --password=密码 --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/ --target-dir=/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013/11/23/-4

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innobackupex --user=root --password=密码 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013/11/23/2.1

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# 我晕 真是折腾啊

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innobackupex: Connected to MySQL server

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innobackupex: Error: Support for MySQL 5.1 with builtin InnoDB (not the plugin) was removed in Percona XtraBackup 2.1. The last version to support MySQL 5.1 with builtin InnoDB was Percona XtraBackup 2.0.

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# 拆卸

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rpm -e percona-xtrabackup

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# 重新下载

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mkdir -p $HOME/downloads;cd $HOME/downloads

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lftp -c pget -n 30 http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/XtraBackup-2.0.0/RPM/rhel6/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0-417.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

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# 查看安装包信息

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rpm -qip percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0-417.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

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# 安装

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rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0-417.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

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warning: percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0-417.rhel6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY

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Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

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   1:percona-xtrabackup     ########################################### [100%]

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xtrabackup --version

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xtrabackup version 2.0.0 for Percona Server 5.1.59 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 417)

测试备份

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innobackupex --user=root --password=密码 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf /home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/

好这下对鸟。。。

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InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy

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and Percona Inc 2009-2012.  All Rights Reserved.

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This software is published under

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the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

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131123 09:22:25  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file=‘/etc/my.cnf‘ --password=xxxxxxxx --user=‘root‘ --unbuffered --

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131123 09:22:25  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=30774)

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131123 09:22:31  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

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IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.

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           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex

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           prints "completed OK!".

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innobackupex: Using mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.69, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

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innobackupex: Using mysql server version Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

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innobackupex: Created backup directory /home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013-11-23_09-22-31

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131123 09:22:31  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file=‘/etc/my.cnf‘ --password=xxxxxxxx --user=‘root‘ --unbuffered --

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131123 09:22:31  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=30841)

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131123 09:22:33  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

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131123 09:22:33  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup_51  --defaults-file="/etc/my.cnf" --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013-11-23_09-22-31

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innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=30861) to suspend

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innobackupex: Suspend file ‘/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013-11-23_09-22-31/xtrabackup_suspended‘

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xtrabackup_51 version 2.0.0 for MySQL server 5.1.59 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 417)

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xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().

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xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql

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xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.

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xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./

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xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

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xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./

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xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

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xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 5242880

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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[01] Copying ./ibdata1 to /home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013-11-23_09-22-31/ibdata1

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[01]        ...done

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131123 09:22:35  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended

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131123 09:22:35  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file=‘/etc/my.cnf‘ --password=xxxxxxxx --user=‘root‘ --unbuffered --

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131123 09:22:35  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=30874)

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131123 09:22:37  innobackupex: Starting to lock all tables...

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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131123 09:22:47  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk

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131123 09:22:47  innobackupex: Starting to backup .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI,

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innobackupex: .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSM, .CSV and .opt files in

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innobackupex: subdirectories of ‘/var/lib/mysql‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/blog/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (49 files)

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/info/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/bd_2kdp_com/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (49 files)

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/www_2kdp_com/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (69 files)

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/clean_cache/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/union/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/movie/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (49 files)

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/link_2kdp/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/silkime_com/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (295 files)

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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innobackupex: Backing up file ‘/var/lib/mysql/copy_site/db.opt‘

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innobackupex: Backing up files ‘/var/lib/mysql/sell_bdl/*.{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}‘ (133 files)

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131123 09:22:59  innobackupex: Finished backing up .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI, .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSV, .CSM and .opt files

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innobackupex: Resuming ibbackup

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xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): ‘0:44243‘

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xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.

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.>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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>> log scanned up to (0 44243)

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xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (0 44243) to (0 44243) was copied.

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131123 09:23:01  innobackupex: All tables unlocked

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131123 09:23:01  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

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innobackupex: Backup created in directory ‘/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot/2013-11-23_09-22-31‘

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# 这一句我特别喜欢 真的。。。折腾那么久 就为了这个。。。。。

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innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename ‘mysql-bin.000001‘, position 25959

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131123 09:23:01  innobackupex: completed OK!

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# 现在我们cd到备份目录 看看搞了些什么.

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# 除了数据库本身的文件外 发现还有 另外5个文件 有用的写下备注

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backup-my.cnf # 这个是用作数据库数据文件指向到这个备份目录的时候用的 直接把里面的内容复制到系统的my.cnf

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xtrabackup_binlog_info # 记录了备份完成时候的 二进制日志和 Position指针位置

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xtrabackup_logfile

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xtrabackup_binary

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xtrabackup_checkpoints # 这个里面指明了备份类型backup_type 如 full-backuped 增量...

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# 这个东西可以写个脚本来读取 从服务器那边那个做成自动配置

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cat xtrabackup_binlog_info

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mysql-bin.000001        25959

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# 现在再来测试下压缩备份

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# 一些比较有用的选项

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  # --slave-info(slave-info可以记录备份恢 复后，作为slave需要的一些信息，根据这些信息，可以很方便的利用备份来重做slave。)

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  # --no-lock(备份过程不锁定表)

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  # 2>$BACKUP_DIR/`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S`/mysqlbackup.log(备份过程中的输出信息保存,适合封装到自己的脚本里面去什么的)

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#TIME1=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`;echo 勤劳的Jrobot:我在`date +%Y/%m/%d_%H:%M:%S`开始备份!

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#echo "勤劳的Jrobot:我在`date +%Y/%m/%d_%H:%M:%S`开始备份!" >> /home/ftp/b/backup_data/`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S`/backup.log

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BACKUP_DIR="/home/ftp/b/backup_data/wwwroot"

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USER="用户"

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PSWD="密码"

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MY="/etc/my.cnf"

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LOG="MySQL_Last_Backup.LOG"

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LAST_GZIP_BACKUP="LASTBACKUP.TAR.GZ"

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#mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S`/

记录备份日志

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innobackupex --user=$USER --password=$PSWD --slave-info --defaults-file=$MY $BACKUP_DIR/ 2>$BACKUP_DIR/$LOG

gzip压缩备份

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innobackupex --user=$USER --password=$PSWD --slave-info --defaults-file=$MY $BACKUP_DIR/ --stream=tar | gzip>$BACKUP_DIR/$LAST_GZIP_BACKUP

解压这个包看看或者直接SCP到从机

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tar xvzfi LASTBACKUP.TAR.GZ

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cat xtrabackup_binlog_info # 哈哈开心了吧

在从服务器上解压这个后开始配置同步

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#slave stop;

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#CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘主机地址‘,MASTER_USER=‘从复制账号‘,MASTER_PASSWORD=‘密码‘,MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.00000X‘,MASTER_LOG_POS=1;

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#slave start;

总结这个东西的封装后的脚本是很强大用来做主从配置也很快但是有个问题就是不支持远程备份。你比如说你想从Win服务器备份到Linux的就蛋疼了。这个软件的主要文档和参考资料的环境几乎都是基于LINUX的。WIN下着实蛋疼。。。