手动配置Spring MVC

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  	<welcome-file-list>
    	<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  	</welcome-file-list>
  
  	<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称，默认为WEB-INF目录下，名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml
	    <init-param>
	        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  默认
	    </init-param>
		-->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- Spring配置 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 -->
	<context-param>
	    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	    <param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
</web-app>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
	 
     <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		 <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
		 <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
		 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	 </bean>
     
     <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->  
     <mvc:annotation-driven />  
     <!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->  
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.xin" />  
     
</beans>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
      <!-- 我们可以在其中添加我们所需要配置的bean，也可以添加相应的数据库连接和事务处理等等，方便后续拓展
       -->
</beans>

@Controller
public class WelcomeController{

	//访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/login/wuxin
	@RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, 
			@PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
		modelMap.put("message", user);
		return new ModelAndView("/hello", modelMap);
	}
	
	//访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello1",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String test1(){
		return "index";
	}
}

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    This is my JSP page. <br>
  </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    Hello，welcome learn Spring MVC,the message is ${message }
    <%=request.getAttribute("message") %>
    测试user对象:${user.userName }
  </body>
</html>

//访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello1",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String test1(){
		return "index";
	}

	//访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/login/wuxin
	@RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, 
			@PathVariable("user") String user1, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
		modelMap.put("message", user1);
		return new ModelAndView("/hello", modelMap);
	}

	//以下是获取请求参数
	/**
	 * 通过@PathVariabl注解获取路径中传递参数
	 * 通过ModelMap向页面传值
	 * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello.do/1/xin
	 * @param id
	 * @param userName
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello2.do/{id}/{userName}")
	public String test2(@PathVariable int id,@PathVariable String userName){
		System.out.println("id="+id+",userName="+userName);
		return "hello";
	}

	/**
	 * 直接用HttpServletRequest获取
	 * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello3.do?id=2&userName=xin
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello3.do")
	public String test3(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
		String userName=request.getParameter("userName");
		System.out.println("id="+id+",userName="+userName);
		return "hello";
	}

	/**
	 * 用注解@RequestParam绑定请求参数id,userName到变量id,userName
	 * 当请求参数userName不存在时会有异常发生,可以通过设置属性required=false解决,
	 * 例如: @RequestParam(value="userName",required=false)，请求参数属性为userName
	 * 		String userName:接收参数属性为userName
	 * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello4.do?id=2&userName=xin
	 * @param id
	 * @param userName
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello4.do")
	public String test4(@RequestParam("id")int id,@RequestParam(value="userName",required=false)String userName){
		System.out.println("id="+id+",userName="+userName);
		return "hello";
	}

/**
 * 封装为一个user类
 * @author dell
 *
 */
public class User {
	
	private int id;
	private String userName;
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
}

	/**
	 * 以下方式可使用于表单提交
	 * 自动注入Bean属性(用@ModelAttribute注解获取POST请求的FORM表单数据)
	 * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello5.do?id=2&userName=xin
	 * 经测试发现，参数中没有@ModelAttribute("user")也能够进行自动注入
	 * @param user
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello5.do")
	public String test5(@ModelAttribute("user")User user){
		System.out.println("id="+user.getId()+",userName="+user.getUserName());
		return "hello";
	}

  <form action="hello5.do" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="id"/>
	<input type="text" name="userName"/>
	<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
  </form>

	/**
	 * ModelAndView数据会利用HttpServletRequest的Attribute传值到hello.jsp中
	 * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello6.do
	 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello6.do")
	public ModelAndView test6(){
		Map<String,Object> data=new HashMap<String,Object>();
		data.put("message", "test6-->xin");
		return new ModelAndView("/hello", data);
	}

    /**
     * 使用ModelMap作为参数对象示例:
	   ModelMap数据会利用HttpServletRequest的Attribute传值到hello.jsp中
	        访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello7.do
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello7.do")
    public String test7(ModelMap map){
    	//以下两种方式都可以
    	//map.addAttribute("message", "test7-->xin");
    	map.put("message", "test7-->xin");
    	return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 使用@ModelAttribute示例
	         在Controller方法的参数部分或Bean属性方法上使用
	   @ModelAttribute数据会利用HttpServletRequest的Attribute传值到success.jsp中
	       访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello8.do
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello8.do")
    public String test8(@ModelAttribute("user")User user){
    	user.setUserName("test8-->xin");
    	return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * Session存储：可以利用HttpServletReequest的getSession()方法
     * 访问下面方法地址：http://localhost:8080/Spring-mvc/hello9.do
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello9.do")
    public String test9(HttpServletRequest request){
    	request.setAttribute("message", "test9-->xin");
    	//request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "test9-->xin");
    	return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello9.do")
    public String test9(HttpServletRequest request){
    	String userName=request.getParameter("userName");
    	request.setAttribute("message", userName);
    	//request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "test9-->xin");
    	return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello10.do")
	public ModelAndView test10(){
		RedirectView view=new RedirectView("hello9.do");
		return new ModelAndView(view);
	}

	//工作中常用的方法
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello11.do")
	public String test11(){
		return "redirect:hello9.do";  
	}