Android 网络请求一般都涉及到图片和JSON数据,怎样快速的请求网络JSON数据,解析JSON数据,并且一步生成自己想要的Java bean实体类?这个涉及到Android 开发效率的问题。由于接触Android 网络这方面比较多,自然就找到一些好的方法来快速开发Android 网络模块的相关内容,接下来就为大家揭晓 一步快速请求,解析JSON 数据生成对应的Java bean实体类的方法。
注:我们先把思路讲解下吧:
1.网络请求JSON数据代码可以自己写,当然我还是推荐使用网络上开源的稳定的框架---Volley,相信很多人应该了解这个开源框架吧,不知道的百度去,这是一个很好用的网络请求开源框架。
2.解析JSON 数据,最好的方法无疑是使用网络上线程的工具 jar包(谷歌的GSON 阿里的FastJson),我这里选择的是阿里的FastJson,FastJson有优势,具体优势后面讲解。
3.解析JSON数据后要将数据保存到 实体类中,我们需要自己定义实体类,但是,在使用FastJson 解析JSON数据的时候必须确保 JSON 数据字段和 实体类的成员变量名字相同,否则FastJson 是解析不出来的(Gson也解析不出来),但是使用FastJson 不区分实体类成员变量的大小写,而Gson 区分,这就是为什么我选择FastJson解析JSON数据了。
一.我们需要解析JSON数据必然需要先定义 JSON数据信息实体类,然后才能解析JSON数据,将数据保存到类中。但是,定义这个类不需要一个变量的去敲代码,而且有可能出错。这里我们拿中国天气预报的一条JSON数据说明,http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html ,浏览器请求后获得的JSON数据是:
{ "weatherinfo": { "city": "北京", "cityid": "101010100", "temp1": "5℃", "temp2": "-3℃", "weather": "晴", "img1": "d0.gif", "img2": "n0.gif", "ptime": "11:00" } }那么我们首先需要定义一个天气信息类:
import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.annotation.Generated; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.EqualsBuilder; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.HashCodeBuilder; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder; @Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo") public class Test { private Weatherinfo weatherinfo; private Map<String, Object> additionalProperties = new HashMap<String, Object>(); /** * * @return * The weatherinfo */ public Weatherinfo getWeatherinfo() { return weatherinfo; } /** * * @param weatherinfo * The weatherinfo */ public void setWeatherinfo(Weatherinfo weatherinfo) { this.weatherinfo = weatherinfo; } @Override public String toString() { return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this); } public Map<String, Object> getAdditionalProperties() { return this.additionalProperties; } public void setAdditionalProperty(String name, Object value) { this.additionalProperties.put(name, value); } @Override public int hashCode() { return new HashCodeBuilder().append(weatherinfo).append(additionalProperties).toHashCode(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object other) { if (other == this) { return true; } if ((other instanceof Test) == false) { return false; } Test rhs = ((Test) other); return new EqualsBuilder().append(weatherinfo, rhs.weatherinfo).append(additionalProperties, rhs.additionalProperties).isEquals(); } }
import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.annotation.Generated; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.EqualsBuilder; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.HashCodeBuilder; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder; @Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo") public class Weatherinfo { private String city; private String cityid; private String temp1; private String temp2; private String weather; private String img1; private String img2; private String ptime; private Map<String, Object> additionalProperties = new HashMap<String, Object>(); /** * * @return * The city */ public String getCity() { return city; } /** * * @param city * The city */ public void setCity(String city) { this.city = city; } /** * * @return * The cityid */ public String getCityid() { return cityid; } /** * * @param cityid * The cityid */ public void setCityid(String cityid) { this.cityid = cityid; } /** * * @return * The temp1 */ public String getTemp1() { return temp1; } /** * * @param temp1 * The temp1 */ public void setTemp1(String temp1) { this.temp1 = temp1; } /** * * @return * The temp2 */ public String getTemp2() { return temp2; } /** * * @param temp2 * The temp2 */ public void setTemp2(String temp2) { this.temp2 = temp2; } /** * * @return * The weather */ public String getWeather() { return weather; } /** * * @param weather * The weather */ public void setWeather(String weather) { this.weather = weather; } /** * * @return * The img1 */ public String getImg1() { return img1; } /** * * @param img1 * The img1 */ public void setImg1(String img1) { this.img1 = img1; } /** * * @return * The img2 */ public String getImg2() { return img2; } /** * * @param img2 * The img2 */ public void setImg2(String img2) { this.img2 = img2; } /** * * @return * The ptime */ public String getPtime() { return ptime; } /** * * @param ptime * The ptime */ public void setPtime(String ptime) { this.ptime = ptime; } @Override public String toString() { return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this); } public Map<String, Object> getAdditionalProperties() { return this.additionalProperties; } public void setAdditionalProperty(String name, Object value) { this.additionalProperties.put(name, value); } @Override public int hashCode() { return new HashCodeBuilder().append(city).append(cityid).append(temp1).append(temp2).append(weather).append(img1).append(img2).append(ptime).append(additionalProperties).toHashCode(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object other) { if (other == this) { return true; } if ((other instanceof Weatherinfo) == false) { return false; } Weatherinfo rhs = ((Weatherinfo) other); return new EqualsBuilder().append(city, rhs.city).append(cityid, rhs.cityid).append(temp1, rhs.temp1).append(temp2, rhs.temp2).append(weather, rhs.weather).append(img1, rhs.img1).append(img2, rhs.img2).append(ptime, rhs.ptime).append(additionalProperties, rhs.additionalProperties).isEquals(); } }
二.网络请求Json 数据,大家知道,在Android 中写一个简单的网络请求任务都需要写 很长一段代码,并且还需要注意android 网络请求必须在子线程中处理,所以跟新UI就得注意了。这里我们使用2013年谷歌大会上提供的开源框架 Volley ,使用这个框架请求网络非常方便,不了解的请看博客:Android Volley完全解析(一),初识Volley的基本用法
因为我们这一节重点是一步解析JSON数据获得 Java bean,所以我自己仿照 Volley 的StringRequest 重新自定义了一个FastJosnRequest 类来使用,使用这个类可以直接获得Java bean实体类,都不需要你自己解析JSON数据了,给你省了很多事情。
FastJson jar包下载链接:http://download.csdn.net/detail/feidu804677682/8341467
FastJosnRequest类的实现如下:
/* * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project Licensed under the Apache * License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in * compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law * or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is * distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language * governing permissions and limitations under the License. */ package com.android.volley.toolbox; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError; import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse; import com.android.volley.ParseError; import com.android.volley.Request; import com.android.volley.Response; import com.android.volley.Response.ErrorListener; import com.android.volley.Response.Listener; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Map; /** * A canned request for retrieving the response body at a given URL as a String. * * @param <T> */ public class FastJsonRequest<T> extends Request<T> { private final Listener<T> mListener; private final Map<String, String> mParams; private Map<String, String> mHeaders; private Class<T> mClass; /** * Creates a new request with the given method. * * @param method * the request {@link Method} to use * @param url * URL to fetch the string at * @param params * Params for the POST request. * @param headers * Headers for the POST request. * @param listener * Listener to receive the String response * @param errorListener * Error listener, or null to ignore errors */ public FastJsonRequest(int method, String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> mClass, Listener<T> listener, ErrorListener errorListener) { super(method, url, errorListener); mListener = listener; mParams = params; mHeaders = headers; this.mClass = mClass; } /** * Creates a new GET or POST request, if request params is null the request * is GET otherwise POST request. * * @param url * URL to fetch the string at * @param params * Params for the POST request. * @param headers * Headers for the POST request. * @param listener * Listener to receive the String response * @param errorListener * Error listener, or null to ignore errors */ public FastJsonRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers, Class<T> mClass, Listener<T> listener, ErrorListener errorListener) { this(null == params ? Method.GET : Method.POST, url, params, headers, mClass, listener, errorListener); } @Override protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError { return mParams; } @Override public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError { if (null == mHeaders) { mHeaders = Collections.emptyMap(); } return mHeaders; } @Override protected void deliverResponse(T response) { mListener.onResponse(response); } @Override protected Response<T> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) { try { String jsonString = new String(response.data, HttpHeaderParser.parseCharset(response.headers)); return Response.success(JSON.parseObject(jsonString, mClass), HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response)); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { return Response.error(new ParseError(e)); } } }这里我直接使用了FastJson jar包来帮助完成解析JSON数据,直接返回给用户实体类,而不许要用户去解析JSON数据。研究过Volley 开源框架的人会发现,我这个类中重写了几个方法,getParams()和getHeaders()两个方法。因为我需要兼容来自用户不同方式的请求(GET和POST)。当使用GET请求的时候 params 和headers 传值 null 进来即可。
三. 接口的使用如下:
package com.example.fastjson; import java.util.List; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import com.android.volley.RequestQueue; import com.android.volley.Response.ErrorListener; import com.android.volley.Response.Listener; import com.android.volley.VolleyError; import com.android.volley.VolleyLog; import com.android.volley.toolbox.FastJsonRequest; import com.android.volley.toolbox.StringRequest; import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley; import com.example.fastjson.bean.Apk; import com.example.fastjson.bean.App; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; public class MainActivity extends Activity { String url = "http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html"; RequestQueue mQueue; String TAG = "MainActivity"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this); mQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this); FastJsonRequest<Test> fRequest = new FastJsonRequest<Test>(url, null, null, Test.class, new Listener<Test>() { @Override public void onResponse(Test response) { Log.i(TAG, response.getWeatherinfo().toString()); } }, new ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) { } }); mQueue.add(fRequest); } }
<span style="color:#009900;">Weatherinfo [city=北京, cityId=101010100, temp1=5℃, temp2=-3℃, weather=晴, img1=d0.gif, img2=n0.gif, ptime=11:00]</span>
Android 网络请求json数据,解析json数据,生成对应的java bean类一步到位,快速开发
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/feiduclear_up/article/details/42526235