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Linux内核的三种调度策略:
1、SCHED_OTHER 分时调度策略
2、SCHED_FIFO实时调度策略,先到先服务。一旦占用cpu则一直运行。一直运行直到有更高优先级任务到达或自己放弃
3、SCHED_RR实时调度策略,时间片轮转。当进程的时间片用完,系统将重新分配时间片,并置于就绪队列尾。放在队列尾保证了所有具有相同优先级的RR任务的调度公平
Linux线程优先级设置:
首先,可以通过以下两个函数来获得线程可以设置的最高和最低优先级,函数中的策略即上述三种策略的宏定义:
int sched_get_priority_max(int policy); int sched_get_priority_min(int policy);
注意:SCHED_OTHER 是不支持优先级使用的,而 SCHED_FIFO 和 SCHED_RR 支持优先级的使用,他们分别为1和99,数值越大优先级越高。
设置和获取优先级通过以下两个函数:
int pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *attr, const struct sched_param *param); int pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *attr, struct sched_param *param); param.sched_priority = 51; //设置优先级
系统创建线程时,默认的线程是 SCHED_OTHER。所以如果我们要改变线程的调度策略的话,可以通过下面的这个函数实现。
int pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *attr, int policy);
上面的param使用了下面的这个数据结构:
struct sched_param { int __sched_priority; // 所要设定的线程优先级 };
我们可以通过下面的测试程序来说明,我们自己使用的系统的支持的优先级:
#include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <sched.h> #include <assert.h> static int get_thread_policy(pthread_attr_t *attr) { int policy; int rs = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(attr,&policy); assert(rs==0); switch(policy) { case SCHED_FIFO: printf("policy= SCHED_FIFO\n"); break; case SCHED_RR: printf("policy= SCHED_RR"); break; case SCHED_OTHER: printf("policy=SCHED_OTHER\n"); break; default: printf("policy=UNKNOWN\n"); break; } return policy; } static void show_thread_priority(pthread_attr_t *attr,int policy) { int priority = sched_get_priority_max(policy); assert(priority!=-1); printf("max_priority=%d\n",priority); priority= sched_get_priority_min(policy); assert(priority!=-1); printf("min_priority=%d\n",priority); } static int get_thread_priority(pthread_attr_t *attr) { struct sched_param param; int rs = pthread_attr_getschedparam(attr,¶m); assert(rs==0); printf("priority=%d",param.__sched_priority); return param.__sched_priority; } static void set_thread_policy(pthread_attr_t *attr,int policy) { int rs = pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(attr,policy); assert(rs==0); get_thread_policy(attr); } int main(void) { pthread_attr_t attr; struct sched_param sched; int rs; rs = pthread_attr_init(&attr); assert(rs==0); int policy = get_thread_policy(&attr); printf("Show current configuration of priority\n"); show_thread_priority(&attr,policy); printf("show SCHED_FIFO of priority\n"); show_thread_priority(&attr,SCHED_FIFO); printf("show SCHED_RR of priority\n"); show_thread_priority(&attr,SCHED_RR); printf("show priority of current thread\n"); int priority = get_thread_priority(&attr); printf("Set thread policy\n"); printf("set SCHED_FIFO policy\n"); set_thread_policy(&attr,SCHED_FIFO); printf("set SCHED_RR policy\n"); set_thread_policy(&attr,SCHED_RR); printf("Restore current policy\n"); set_thread_policy(&attr,policy); rs = pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); assert(rs==0); return 0; }
下面是测试程序的运行结果:
policy=SCHED_OTHER Show current configuration of priority max_priority=0 min_priority=0 show SCHED_FIFO of priority max_priority=99 min_priority=1 show SCHED_RR of priority max_priority=99 min_priority=1 show priority of current thread priority=0Set thread policy set SCHED_FIFO policy policy= SCHED_FIFO set SCHED_RR policy policy= SCHED_RRRestore current policy policy=SCHED_OTHER
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/imapla/p/4234258.html