标签:python
import re
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. |
任意的一个字符 |
a|b
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字符a或字符b
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[afg]
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a或者f或者g的一个字符
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[0-4]
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0-4范围内的一个字符
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[a-f]
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a-f范围内的一个字符
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[^a]
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不是a的一个字符
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\s
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一个空格
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\S
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一个非空格
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\d
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[0-9],即0-9的任意字符
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\D
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[^0-9],即非0-9的任意字符
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\w
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[0-9a-zA-Z]
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\W
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[^0-9a-zA-Z]
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\b |
匹配一个单词边界,也就是指单词和空格间的位置。例如,“er\b”可以匹配“never”中的“er”,但不能匹配“verb”中的“er”
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\B
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匹配非单词边界。“er\B”能匹配“verb”中的“er”,但不能匹配“never”中的“er”
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*
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重复>=0次
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+
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重复>=1次
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?
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重复0次或是1次
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{m}
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重复m次,如[01]{2}匹配字符串00或11或01或10 |
{m,n}
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重复m-n次,如a{1,3}匹配字符串a或aa或aaa
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^
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字符串的起始位置
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$ |
字符串的结尾位置
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m = re.search("output_(\d{4}).*(\d{4})", "output_1986a.txt1233")
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>>> match = re.search(r‘(?P<first>\bt\w+)\W+(?P<second>\w+)‘, ‘This is test for python group‘)
>>> print match
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x23f6250>
>>> print match.group()
test for
>>> print match.group(0)
test for
>>> print match.group(1)
test
>>> print match.group(2)
for
>>> print match.groupdict()
{‘second‘: ‘for‘, ‘first‘: ‘test‘}
>>> print match.groupdict()[‘first‘]
test
>>> print match.groupdict()[‘second‘]
for
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>>> help(re.compile)
Help on function compile in module re:
compile(pattern, flags=0)
Compile a regular expression pattern, returning a pattern object.
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1).re.I(re.IGNORECASE): 忽略大小写
2).re.M(MULTILINE): 多行模式,改变‘^‘和‘$‘的行为
3).re.S(DOTALL): 点任意匹配模式,改变‘.‘的行为
4).re.L(LOCALE): 使预定字符类 \w \W \b \B \s \S 取决于当前区域设定
5).re.U(UNICODE): 使预定字符类 \w \W \b \B \s \S \d \D 取决于unicode定义的字符属性
6).re.X(VERBOSE): 详细模式。这个模式下正则表达式可以是多行,忽略空白字符,并可以加入注释
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import re
pattern = re.compile(r‘re‘)
pattern.match(‘This is re module of python‘)
re.compile(r‘re‘, ‘This is re module of python‘)
# 以上两种方式是一样的
# 以下两种方式是一样的
pattern1 = re.compile(r"""\d + #整数部分
\. #小数点
\d * #小数部分""", re.X)
pattern2 = re.compile(r‘\d+\.\d*‘)
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>>> help(re.match)
Help on function match in module re:
match(pattern, string, flags=0)
Try to apply the pattern at the start of the string, returning
a match object, or None if no match was found.
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>>> match = re.match(r‘This‘, ‘This is re module of python‘)
>>> print match
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x0000000002C26168>
>>> print match.group()
This
>>> match = re.match(r‘python‘, ‘This is re module of python‘)
>>> print match
None
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>>> help(re.search)
Help on function search in module re:
search(pattern, string, flags=0)
Scan through string looking for a match to the pattern, returning
a match object, or None if no match was found.
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>>> match = re.search(r‘(?P<first>\bt\w+)\W+(?P<second>\w+)‘, ‘This is test for python group‘)
>>> print match
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x23f6250>
>>> print match.group()
test for
>>> print match.group(0)
test for
>>> print match.group(1)
test
>>> print match.group(2)
for
>>> print match.groupdict()
{‘second‘: ‘for‘, ‘first‘: ‘test‘}
>>> print match.groupdict()[‘first‘]
test
>>> print match.groupdict()[‘second‘]
for
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>>> help(re.split)
Help on function split in module re:
split(pattern, string, maxsplit=0, flags=0)
Split the source string by the occurrences of the pattern,
returning a list containing the resulting substrings.
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>>> results = re.split(r‘\d+‘, ‘fasdf12fasdf4fasf1fasdf123‘)
>>> type(results)
<type ‘list‘>
>>> print results
[‘fasdf‘, ‘fasdf‘, ‘fasf‘, ‘fasdf‘, ‘‘]
>>> results = re.split(r‘-‘, ‘2013-11-12‘)
>>> print results
[‘2013‘, ‘11‘, ‘12‘]
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>>> help(re.findall)
Help on function findall in module re:
findall(pattern, string, flags=0)
Return a list of all non-overlapping matches in the string.
If one or more groups are present in the pattern, return a
list of groups; this will be a list of tuples if the pattern
has more than one group.
Empty matches are included in the result.
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>>> results = re.findall(r‘\bt\w+\W+\w+‘, ‘this is test for python findall‘)
>>> results
[‘this is‘, ‘test for‘]
>>> results = re.findall(r‘(\bt\w+)\W+(\w+)‘, ‘this is test for python findall‘)
>>> results
[(‘this‘, ‘is‘), (‘test‘, ‘for‘)]
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sub(pattern, repl, string, count=0)
subn(pattern, repl, string, count=0)
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>>> print re.sub(r‘(\w+) (\w+)‘, r‘\2 \1‘, ‘i say, hello world!‘)
say i, world hello!
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>>> print re.subn(r‘(\w+) (\w+)‘, r‘\2 \1‘, ‘i say, hello world!‘)
(‘say i, world hello!‘, 2)
>>> print re.subn(r‘(\w+) (\w+)‘, r‘\2 \1‘, ‘i say, hello world!‘, count=1)
(‘say i, hello world!‘, 1)
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标签:python
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/henujyj/article/details/42915387