标签：11g oracle11g exception cursor random
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create or replace package pack1 --创建包头/规范
is
aa number := 1 ; --在包头声明的为公有变量
procedure update_student (update_row in student %rowtype ); --声明一个更新过程
procedure insert_student (insert_row in student %rowtype ); --声明一个插入过程
end pack1 ; --结束包头
--Package created
create or replace package body pack1 --创建包体/主体
is
bb number := 2 ; --在包体声明的变量类私有变量
procedure insert_student (insert_row in student %rowtype ) --创建过程主体
as
begin
insert into student( id, name, age) values (insert_row.id ,insert_row.name ,insert_row.age );
dbms_output.put_line (‘bb = ‘ ||bb ||‘aa = ‘ || aa );
end insert_student; --结束过程主体
procedure update_student( update_row in student% rowtype) --创建过程主体
as
begin
update student s set s.name = ‘赵北‘ where s.id = update_row.id ;
end update_student ;--结束过程主体
end pack1 ;--结束主体/包体
--Warning: Package body created with compilation errors
SQL > show error; --查询错误
Errors for PACKAGE BODY HR.PACK1 :
LINE/ COL ERROR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 /1 PLS -00103 : 出现符号
"BEGIN"在需要下列之一时： ; is with authid as
cluster order using external deterministic parallel_enable
pipelined result_cache 符号 ";" 被替换为 "BEGIN" 后继续。
10 /3 PLS -00103 : 出现符号
"PROCEDURE"
11 /5 PLS -00103 : 出现符号
"BEGIN"在需要下列之一时： ; is with authid as
cluster order using external deterministic parallel_enable
pipelined result_cache 符号 ";" 被替换为 "BEGIN" 后继续。
SQL >
SQL > ed --修改上次执行的代码块
SQL > /--执行修改的代码块
--Package body created
SQL > set serverout on; --打开输出开关
SQL > execute dbms_output.put_line (pack1.aa ); --包中的公共变量被输出
1
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL > execute dbms_output.put_line (pack1.bb ); --包中的私有变量不被输出
begin dbms_output.put_line (pack1.bb ); end;
--ORA-06550: 第 1 行, 第 34 列:
--PLS-00302: 必须声明 ‘BB‘ 组件
--ORA-06550: 第 1 行, 第 7 列:
--PL/SQL: Statement ignored
declare
row_student student %rowtype ; --声明行级变量
begin
row_student.id := 5;
row_student.name := ‘张飞‘;
row_student.age := 60;
pack1.insert_student (row_student );--调用包中的过程
end;
/
bb = 2aa = 1
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL > select * from student ;
ID NAME AGE
----------- -------------------- -----------
1 张三 20
2 李四 25
3 王五 30
4 麻子 30
5 张飞 60
SQL >
declare
row_student student %rowtype ; --声明行级变量
begin
row_student.id := 5;
row_student.name := ‘关羽‘;
row_student.age := 60;
pack1.update_student (row_student );--调用包中的过程
end ;
/
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL > select * from student ;
ID NAME AGE
----------- -------------------- -----------
1 张三 20
2 李四 25
3 王五 30
4 麻子 30
5 赵北 60
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-----------------------------在程序包中创建显示游标---------------
create or replace package pack2 --创建包头
is
cursor student_cursor return student %rowtype ; --声明显示游标，但是不能跟is
select子句
procedure student_pro ; --声明过程
end pack2 ;
create or replace package body pack2 --创建包体
is
cursor student_cursor return student %rowtype is select * from student ; --指定游标所关联的select
procedure student_pro
is
student_row student %rowtype ;
begin
open student_cursor ;
fetch student_cursor into student_row ;
while student_cursor %found
loop
dbms_output.put_line (‘学号 = ‘ || student_row.id || ‘姓名 = ‘ || student_row.name);
fetch student_cursor into student_row ;
end loop;
close student_cursor ;
end student_pro ;
end pack2 ;
/
SQL > execute pack2.student_pro ;
学号 = 1姓名 = 张三
学号 = 2姓名 = 李四
学号 = 3姓名 = 王五
学号 = 4姓名 = 麻子
学号 = 5姓名 = 赵北
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL >
-----------------------------在程序包中创建ref游标---------------
create or replace package pack3
is
type ref_cursor is ref cursor; --声明一个ref游标类型
procedure ref_student_pro ;
end pack3 ;
--Package created
create or replace package body pack3
is
procedure ref_student_pro
is
student_row student %rowtype ;
student_ref_cursor ref_cursor ;--声明一个ref游标类型的变量
begin
open student_ref_cursor for select * from student ;
fetch student_ref_cursor into student_row ;
while student_ref_cursor %found
loop
dbms_output.put_line (‘学号 = ‘ || student_row.id || ‘姓名 = ‘ || student_row.name);
fetch student_ref_cursor into student_row ;
end loop;
close student_ref_cursor ;
end ref_student_pro ;
end pack3 ;
--Package body created
SQL > execute pack3.ref_student_pro ;
学号 = 1姓名 = 张三
学号 = 2姓名 = 李四
学号 = 3姓名 = 王五
学号 = 4姓名 = 麻子
学号 = 5姓名 = 赵北
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL >
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--------------------------------DBMS_job包的使用方法：------------------------------------
create table test_job (date_sign date);
create or replace procedure pro_test
is
begin
insert into test_job values (sysdate );
end ;
SQL > variable job1 number;
SQL >
SQL > begin
2 dbms_job.submit (:job1 ,‘pro_test;‘ ,sysdate ,‘sysdate
+ 1/1440‘); --Submit()过程，工作被正常地计划好。
3 end ;
4 /
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
job1
---------
23
SQL >
SQL > begin
2 dbms_job.run (:job1 );-- Run()过程用来立即执行一个指定的工作。这个过
程只接收一个参数。
3 end ;
4 /
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
job1
---------
23
SQL > select * from test_job ;
DATE_SIGN
-----------
19 -1 月- 15 23
SQL > select * from test_job ;
DATE_SIGN
-----------
19 -1 月- 15 23
SQL >
SQL > begin
2 dbms_job.remove (:job1 );--过程来删除一个已计划运行的工作。这个过程接收一个参数。
3 end ;
4 /
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
job1
---------
23
SQL >
--------------------------------UTL_FILE包的使用方法：------------------------------------
create directory dir_utl_file as ‘/u01/app/oracle/pl_sql_pacakge/test_utl_file‘ ; --创建目录
grant read, write on directory dir_utl_file to hr ; --给用户赋予权限
create or replace procedure pro_utl_file (path_file in varchar2, name_file in varchar2 )
is
utl_file_contents varchar2( 2000); --定义内存变量
utl_file_type utl_file.file_type ;--定义文件类型变量
begin
utl_file_type := utl_file.fopen (path_file ,name_file ,‘r‘ ,2000 );--打开文件
loop
utl_file.get_line (utl_file_type ,utl_file_contents );--读取文件内容到内存变量中
dbms_output.put_line (utl_file_contents );--，并打印
end loop;
exception--异常处理部分
when no_data_found
then
utl_file.fclose (utl_file_type );
end ;
Procedure created
SQL > set serverout on
SQL > execute pro_utl_file (‘DIR_UTL_FILE‘ ,‘utl_file‘ );
DECLARE
V1 VARCHAR2 (32767 );
F1 UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE ;
BEGIN
-- In this example MAX_LINESIZE is less than GET_LINE‘s length request
-- so the number of bytes returned will be 256 or less if a line terminator is seen.
F1 := UTL_FILE.FOPEN( ‘MYDIR‘, ‘MYFILE‘, ‘R‘, 256);
UTL_FILE.GET_LINE (F1 ,V1 ,32767 );
UTL_FILE.FCLOSE (F1 );
-- In this example, FOPEN‘s MAX_LINESIZE is NULL and defaults to 1024,
-- so the number of bytes returned will be 1024 or less if a line terminator is seen.
F1 := UTL_FILE.FOPEN( ‘MYDIR‘, ‘MYFILE‘, ‘R‘);
UTL_FILE.GET_LINE (F1 ,V1 ,32767 );
UTL_FILE.FCLOSE (F1 );
-- In this example, GET_LINE doesn‘t specify a number of bytes, so it defaults to
-- the same value as FOPEN‘s MAX_LINESIZE which is NULL in this case and defaults to 1024.
-- So the number of bytes returned will be 1024 or less if a line terminator is seen.
F1 := UTL_FILE.FOPEN( ‘MYDIR‘, ‘MYFILE‘, ‘R‘);
UTL_FILE.GET_LINE (F1 ,V1 );
UTL_FILE.FCLOSE (F1 );
END ;
PL /SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL >
dbms_random的使用：
返回某年内的随机日期，分两步：
1, SELECT TO_CHAR( TO_DATE( ‘01/01/03‘, ‘mm/dd/yy‘), ‘J‘) FROM DUAL;
2, SELECT TO_DATE( TRUNC( DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE( 2452641, 2452641+ 364)), ‘J‘) FROM DUAL ;
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标签：11g oracle11g exception cursor random
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/u011218159/article/details/42919071
