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一:json的简介
json指的是Javascript对象表示法,是一种轻量级文本数据交换格式,类似于XML,但比XML更小、更快、更易解析
二:Json与XML的比较(copy网上的)
优点:
比xml格式简单;
json是更好的数据交换格式;xml是更好的文档交换格式;
json更易于机器阅读,使用简单的客户端库或者自身支持(javascript);
json可被浏览器客户端支持;
可支持各种通用的数据结构,记录、列表、树;
21种语言支持可解析和生成json格式
缺点:
没有xml中类似CDATA的特性,不适合传递声音和图片等二进制数据;
json不具备显示能力,和xml相比;
json不可扩展,和xml相比。
三:json用于描述数据结构有两个方式
1,"名称/值”对的集合,又称为JSON Object,名与值之前用“:”分隔开来
{name:value}
例如:
{"width":"123","Height":"456"}
2,值的有序列表,又称为JSON Array
例如:
{"employee":[{"width":"123" , "height":"345"} , {"width":"234" , "height":"455"} , {"width":"566" , "height":"269"}]}
四:json解析数据需要的jar包

五:json数据解析
解析json数据的时候,要分清是解析 JSON Object 还是JSON Array,然后再解析
(1)解析JSON Object之一
例如:解析 {"name" : "value"}
通过JSONObject.getString("name")方法就可以得到JSON对象中String名称的值
//创建JSONObject,将jsonString字符串转换JSON 对象对应的文本
JSONObject demoJson = new JSONObject(jsonString);
String s = demoJson.getString("name");//就可以得到name对应的值
(2) 解析 JSON Object之二
一个包括两个“名称/值”
{“name1” :“android:” ,“name2” : ”java“}
通过JSONObject.getString("name")方法就可以得到JSON对象中String名称的值
//创建JSONObject,将jsonString字符串转换JSON 对象对应的文本
JSONObject demoJson = new JSONObject(jsonString);
String name1 = demoJson.getString("name1");
String name2 = demoJson.getString("name2");
(3) 解析JSON Array
解析json文本 {”number“ :”1,1,3,5“}
//创建JSONArray,将 jsonString字符串转换JSON 对象对应的文本
JSONObject demoJson = new JSONObject(jsonString);
//获取number对用的数组
JSONArray list = demoJson.getJSONArray("number");
for(int i = 0,k = list.length(); i < k; i ++)
{
//其他的用getString(i),,,类似
System.out.println(list.getInt(i));
}
(4)解析JSON Oject与JSON Array混合对象
{"books" : [{"zhang" : "value1" , "zhang" : "value2"}]}
JSONObject demoJson = new JSONObject(jsonString);
//首先是要获取books对应的值
JSONArray list = demoJson.getJSONArray("books");
//然后依次取出list里面的值
for(int i = 0, k = list.length() ; i < k; i++)
{
//第i个JSONArray中的值为JSON Object “名称/值”对,然后通过getString("zhang")来获取值
System.out.println(list.getJSONObject( i ).getString("zhang"));
}
服务器里面的数据
package com.test.Demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class JSONDemoServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7368225680407826408L;
private List<User> list;
/**
* 处理post方式提交的数据
*/
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
/**
* 出来get方式提交的数据
*/
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.setContentType("text/plain");
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//准备用户数据
prepareData();
//JSON数组
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
for(User bean :list){
//单个用户JSON对象
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
try{
obj.put("id", bean.getId());
obj.put("name", bean.getName());
obj.put("email", bean.getEmail());
obj.put("gender", bean.getGender());
}catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
//array.put(obj);
array.add(obj);
}
//输出
out.write(array.toString());
out.flush();
out.close();
}
private void prepareData()
{
list = new ArrayList<User>();
User bean1 = new User();
bean1.setId(1001);
bean1.setName("Tony");
bean1.setEmail("tony@toeach.net");
bean1.setGender("male");
list.add(bean1);
User bean2 = new User();
bean2.setId(1002);
bean2.setName("Jack");
bean2.setEmail("jack@hotmail.com");
bean2.setGender("male");
list.add(bean2);
User bean3 = new User();
bean3.setId(1003);
bean3.setName("Marry");
bean3.setEmail("marry@163.com");
bean3.setGender("female");
list.add(bean3);
User bean4 = new User();
bean4.setId(1004);
bean4.setName("Linda");
bean4.setEmail("linda@21cn.com");
bean4.setGender("female");
list.add(bean4);
}
}
所对应的对象文本为:
package com.test.Demo;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String email;
private String gender;
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
在客户端创建TextView来显示解析的数据
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>
主MainActivity
package com.test;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
try {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
String url = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/article/JSONDemoServlet";
String body = getContent(url);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray(body);
for (int i = 0; i < array.length(); i++) {
JSONObject obj = array.getJSONObject(i);
sb.append("id:").append(obj.getInt("id")).append("\t");
sb.append("name:").append(obj.getString("name")).append("\r\n");
sb.append("gender:").append(obj.getString("gender")).append(
"\t");
sb.append("email:").append(obj.getString("email")).append(
"\r\n");
sb.append("----------------------\r\n");
}
TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
textView.setText(sb.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
private String getContent(String url) throws Exception {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpParams httpParams = client.getParams();
// 设置网络超时参数
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, 3000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, 5000);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(new HttpGet(url));
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
entity.getContent(), "UTF-8"), 8192);
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line + "\n");
}
reader.close();
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/fqiao/p/4237500.html