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nginx 作为目前最流行的开源反向代理HTTP Server,用于实现资源缓存、web server负载均衡等功能,由于其轻量级、高性能、高可靠等特点在互联网项目中有着非常普遍的应用,相关概念网上有丰富的介绍。分布式web server集群部署后需要实现session共享,针对 tomcat 服务器的实现方案多种多样,比如 tomcat cluster session 广播、nginx IP hash策略、nginx sticky module等方案,本文主要介绍了使用 redis 服务器进行 session 统一存储管理的共享方案。
相关应用结构参照下图:
测试环境基于 Linux CentOS 6.5,请先安装 tomcat、redis、nginx 相关环境,不作详细描述,本文测试配置如下:
Version | IP_Port | |
nginx | 1.6.2 | 10.129.221.70:80 |
tomcat_1 | 7.0.54 | 10.129.221.70:8080 |
tomcat_2 | 7.0.54 | 10.129.221.70:9090 |
redis | 2.8.19 | 10.129.221.70:6379 |
1、由于源码构建基于 gradle,请先配置 gradle 环境。
2、从 github 获取 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 源码,地址如下:
https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager
3、找到源码中的 build.gradle 文件,由于作者使用了第三方仓库(sonatype),需要注册帐号,太麻烦,注释后直接使用maven中央仓库,同时注释签名相关脚本并增加依赖包的输出脚本 copyJars(dist目录),修改后的 build.gradle 文件如下:
apply plugin: ‘java‘ apply plugin: ‘maven‘ apply plugin: ‘signing‘ group = ‘com.orangefunction‘ version = ‘2.0.0‘ repositories { mavenCentral() } compileJava { sourceCompatibility = 1.7 targetCompatibility = 1.7 } dependencies { compile group: ‘org.apache.tomcat‘, name: ‘tomcat-catalina‘, version: ‘7.0.27‘ compile group: ‘redis.clients‘, name: ‘jedis‘, version: ‘2.5.2‘ compile group: ‘org.apache.commons‘, name: ‘commons-pool2‘, version: ‘2.2‘ //compile group: ‘commons-codec‘, name: ‘commons-codec‘, version: ‘1.9‘ testCompile group: ‘junit‘, name: ‘junit‘, version: ‘4.+‘ testCompile ‘org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3‘ testCompile ‘org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3‘ testCompile ‘org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.5‘ testCompile group: ‘org.apache.tomcat‘, name: ‘tomcat-coyote‘, version: ‘7.0.27‘ } task javadocJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) { classifier = ‘javadoc‘ from ‘build/docs/javadoc‘ } task sourcesJar(type: Jar) { from sourceSets.main.allSource classifier = ‘sources‘ } artifacts { archives jar archives javadocJar archives sourcesJar } //signing { // sign configurations.archives //} task copyJars(type: Copy) { from configurations.runtime into ‘dist‘ } uploadArchives { repositories { mavenDeployer { beforeDeployment { MavenDeployment deployment -> signing.signPom(deployment) } //repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/") { // authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword) //} //repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots") { // authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword) //} pom.project { name ‘tomcat-redis-session-manager‘ packaging ‘jar‘ description ‘Tomcat Redis Session Manager is a Tomcat extension to store sessions in Redis‘ url ‘https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager‘ issueManagement { url ‘https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager/issues‘ system ‘GitHub Issues‘ } scm { url ‘https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager‘ connection ‘scm:git:git://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git‘ developerConnection ‘scm:git:git@github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git‘ } licenses { license { name ‘MIT‘ url ‘http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT‘ distribution ‘repo‘ } } developers { developer { id ‘jcoleman‘ name ‘James Coleman‘ email ‘jtc331@gmail.com‘ url ‘https://github.com/jcoleman‘ } } } } } }
4、执行gradle命令构建源码,编译输出tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 及依赖jar包
gradle build -x test copyJars
所有输出列表文件如下:
安装配置两台 tomcat web服务器,分别修改 Connector 端口号为8080和9090,并确保都能正常工作,当然如果分布在不同的主机则可以使用相同端口号。
为了区别2台tomcat的访问,分别编写页面并打包部署:
1、为tomcat_1编写测试页面,显示 “ response from tomcat_1 ”,同时页面提供按钮显示当前session值,打包并发布到 tomcat_1 服务器;
2、为tomcat_2编写测试页面,显示 “ response from tomcat_2 ”,同时页面提供按钮显示当前session值,打包并发布到 tomcat_2 服务器;
此时分别访问 http://10.129.221.70:8080 和 http://10.129.221.70:9090 地址,因为访问的是不同web服务器,所以各自显示不同的页面内容及session值肯定不同。
修改配置使用 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 作为 tomcat session 管理器
1、分别将第三步生成的 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 及依赖jar包覆盖到 tomcat 安装目录的 lib 文件夹
2、分别修改2台 tomcat 的 context.xml 文件,使 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 作为session管理器,同时指定redis地址和端口。
context.xml 增加以下配置:
<Context> <Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" /> <Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager" host="localhost" port="6379" database="0" maxInactiveInterval="60" /> </Context>
3、分别重启2台 tomcat 服务器。
1、修改 default.conf 配置文件,启用 upstream 负载均衡 tomcat Cluster,默认使用轮询方式。
upstream site { server localhost:8080; server localhost:9090; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; location / { #root /usr/share/nginx/html; #index index.html index.htm; index index_tel.jsp index.jsp index.html index.htm ; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffers 32 4k; proxy_connect_timeout 3; proxy_send_timeout 30; proxy_read_timeout 30; proxy_pass http://site; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root # concurs with nginx‘s one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }
2、nginx 重新加载配置
nginx -s reload
1、访问 http://10.129.221.70:8080 直接请求到tomcat_1服务器,
显示 “ response from tomcat_1 ”, session 值为 ‘56E2FAE376A47F1C0961D722326B8423’;
2、访问 http://10.129.221.70:9090 直接请求到tomcat_2服务器,
显示 “ response from tomcat_2 ”, session 值为 ‘56E2FAE376A47F1C0961D722326B8423’;
3、访问 http://10.129.221.70 (默认80端口)请求到 nginx 反向代理到指定Web服务器,由于默认使用轮询负载方式,
反复刷新页面显示的内容在“ response from tomcat_1 ” 和 “ response from tomcat_2 ”之间切换,但 session 值保持为 ‘56E2FAE376A47F1C0961D722326B8423’;
4、使用 redis-cli 连接 redis 服务器,查看会显示有 “56E2FAE376A47F1C0961D722326B8423” key的 session 数据,value为序列化数据。
基于nginx tomcat redis分布式web应用的session共享配置
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/lengfo/p/4260363.html