Android为蓝牙设备之间的通信封装好了一些调用接口,使得实现Android的蓝牙通信功能并不困难。可通过UUID使两个设备直接建立连接。
具体步骤:
1. 获取BluetoothAdapter实例,注册一个BroadcastReceiver监听蓝牙扫描过程中的状态变化
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); // When discovery finds a device if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent // 通过EXTRA_DEVICE附加域来得到一个BluetoothDevice设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); // If it's already paired, skip it, because it's been listed already // 如果这个设备是不曾配对过的,添加到list列表 if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { list.add(new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), false)); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1); } // When discovery is finished, change the Activity title } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false); if (mListView.getCount() == 0) { list.add(new ChatMessage("没有发现蓝牙设备", false)); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1); } } } };
2. 打开蓝牙(enable),并设置蓝牙的可见性(可以被其它设备扫描到,客户端是主动发请求的,可不设置,服务端必须设置可见)。
if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) { if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { // 发送打开蓝牙的意图,系统会弹出一个提示对话框 Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(enableIntent, RESULT_FIRST_USER); // 设置蓝牙的可见性,最大值3600秒,默认120秒,0表示永远可见(作为客户端,可见性可以不设置,服务端必须要设置) Intent displayIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); displayIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 0); startActivity(displayIntent); // 直接打开蓝牙 mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); } }
3. 扫描,startDiscovery()方法是一个很耗性能的操作,在扫描之前可以先使用getBondedDevices()获取已经配对过的设备(可直接连接),避免不必要的消耗。
private void scanDevice() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } else { // 每次扫描前都先判断一下是否存在已经配对过的设备 Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { list.add(new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), true)); } } else { list.add(new ChatMessage("No devices have been paired", true)); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1); } /* 开始搜索 */ mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); } }
4. 通过Mac地址发送连接请求,在这之前必须使用cancelDiscovery()方法停止扫描。
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // 通过Mac地址去尝试连接一个设备 BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(BluetoothMsg.BlueToothAddress);
5. 通过UUID使两个设备之间建立连接。
客户端:主动发请求
BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")); // 通过socket连接服务器,这是一个阻塞过程,直到连接建立或者连接失效 socket.connect();
服务端:接受一个请求
BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM, UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")); /* 接受客户端的连接请求 */ // 这是一个阻塞过程,直到建立一个连接或者连接失效 // 通过BluetoothServerSocket得到一个BluetoothSocket对象,管理这个连接 BluetoothSocket socket = mServerSocket.accept();
6. 通过InputStream/outputStream读写数据流,已达到通信目的。
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); os.write(msg.getBytes());
InputStream is = null; try { is = socket.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }
7. 关闭所有线程以及socket,并关闭蓝牙设备(disable)。
if (mClientThread != null) { mClientThread.interrupt(); mClientThread = null; } if (mReadThread != null) { mReadThread.interrupt(); mReadThread = null; } try { if (socket != null) { socket.close(); socket = null; } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO: handle exception }
if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // 关闭蓝牙 mBluetoothAdapter.disable(); } unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/visionliao/article/details/43409399