标签：linux   协议栈   pci   

概述

struct pci_driver {
    struct list_head node;                                                                                               
    char *name; //驱动程序名字
    const struct pci_device_id *id_table;   /* ID向量，内核用于把设备关联到此驱动程序 */
    int  (*probe)  (struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id);   /* New device inserted */
    void (*remove) (struct pci_dev *dev);   /* Device removed (NULL if not a hot-plug capable driver) */
    int  (*suspend) (struct pci_dev *dev, pm_message_t state);  /* Device suspended */
    int  (*suspend_late) (struct pci_dev *dev, pm_message_t state);
    int  (*resume_early) (struct pci_dev *dev);
    int  (*resume) (struct pci_dev *dev);                   /* Device woken up */
    void (*shutdown) (struct pci_dev *dev);
    struct pci_error_handlers *err_handler;
    struct device_driver    driver;
    struct pci_dynids dynids;
};

struct pci_device_id {
    __u32 vendor, device;       /* Vendor and device ID or PCI_ANY_ID*/ //通常 vendor, device就足以标识设备
    __u32 subvendor, subdevice; /* Subsystem ID's or PCI_ANY_ID *///很少用到
    __u32 class, class_mask;    /* (class,subclass,prog-if) triplet *///设备所属的类，如network类
    kernel_ulong_t driver_data; /* Data private to the driver *///不属于PCI标识部分，而是驱动私有参数
};

int __pci_register_driver(struct pci_driver *drv, struct module *owner, const char *mod_name)
void pci_unregister_driver(struct pci_driver *drv)
pci_module_init（）//在一些驱动程序上作为__pci_register_driver别名

电源管理和网络唤醒

    PCI NIC驱动程序注册范例

以Intel PRO/100 Ethernet驱动程序说明NIC设备驱动程序的注册，源文件为drivers/net/e100.c。

初始化pci_device_id内容：

#define INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(device_id, ich) {\ 
    PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, device_id, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, \ 
    PCI_CLASS_NETWORK_ETHERNET << 8, 0xFFFF00, ich }
 
/****************************************************************************************/
#define DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE(_table) \ 
    const struct pci_device_id _table[] __devinitconst
/***************************************************************************************/

static DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE(e100_id_table) = { 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1029, 0), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1030, 0), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1031, 3), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1032, 3), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1033, 3), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1034, 3), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1038, 3), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1039, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x103A, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x103B, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x103C, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x103D, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x103E, 4), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1050, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1051, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1052, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1053, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1054, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1055, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1056, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1057, 5), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1059, 0), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1064, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1065, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1066, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1067, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1068, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1069, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x106A, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x106B, 6), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1091, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1092, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1093, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1094, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1095, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x10fe, 7), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1209, 0), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x1229, 0), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x2449, 2), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x2459, 2), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x245D, 2), 
    INTEL_8255X_ETHERNET_DEVICE(0x27DC, 7), 
    { 0, } 
};

在模块的初始化和卸载接口中完成PCI设备驱动程序的注册和注销：

static struct pci_driver e100_driver = { 
    .name =         DRV_NAME, 
    .id_table =     e100_id_table, 
    .probe =        e100_probe, 
    .remove =       __devexit_p(e100_remove), 
#ifdef CONFIG_PM 
    /* Power Management hooks */ 
    .suspend =      e100_suspend, 
    .resume =       e100_resume, 
#endif 
    .shutdown =     e100_shutdown, 
    .err_handler = &e100_err_handler, 
};
static int __init e100_init_module(void) 
{ 
    if (((1 << debug) - 1) & NETIF_MSG_DRV) { 
        pr_info("%s, %s\n", DRV_DESCRIPTION, DRV_VERSION); 
        pr_info("%s\n", DRV_COPYRIGHT); 
    } 
    return pci_register_driver(&e100_driver); 
}
static void __exit e100_cleanup_module(void) 
{ 
    pci_unregister_driver(&e100_driver); 
}
module_init(e100_init_module); 
module_exit(e100_cleanup_module);

其中的一些函数指针原型：

#define DRV_NAME        "e100"
static int __devinit e100_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev,  const struct pci_device_id *ent) 
{ 
    struct net_device *netdev; 
    struct nic *nic; 
    int err;
    if (!(netdev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct nic)))) { 
        if (((1 << debug) - 1) & NETIF_MSG_PROBE) 
            pr_err("Etherdev alloc failed, aborting\n"); 
        return -ENOMEM; 
    }
                         ……
                         ……
}

PCI子系统总览

（a）在系统引导时，会建立一个数据库，把每个总线都关联到一份已侦测到而使用该总线的设备列表。PCI总线的描述符处理其他参数外，还包括一个已侦测PCI设备的列表。

（b）当驱动程序被加载，调用pci_register_driver注册pci_driver到PCI层时，PCI会使用pci_driver结构中的PCI设备ID参数id_table与已侦测到的PCI设备列表匹配，若匹配到就会建立该驱动程序的设备列表。对于每个匹配到的设备，PCI层会调用相匹配的驱动程序中的pci_driver结构中的probe函数，建立并注册相关联的网络设备。

/proc/pci文件包含了已注册的PCI设备的信息。pciutils套件中的lspci命令会输出有关本地PCI设备的信息，其中有些信息取自/sys。

深入理解Linux网络技术内幕——PCI层和网络接口卡

标签：linux   协议栈   pci   

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/windeal3203/article/details/43527285