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Android为蓝牙设备之间的通信封装好了一些调用接口,使得实现Android的蓝牙通信功能并不困难。可通过UUID使两个设备直接建立连接。
具体步骤:
1. 获取BluetoothAdapter实例,注册一个BroadcastReceiver监听蓝牙扫描过程中的状态变化
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mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); |
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IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); |
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private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); // When discovery finds a device if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent // 通过EXTRA_DEVICE附加域来得到一个BluetoothDevice设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); // If it‘s already paired, skip it, because it‘s been listed already // 如果这个设备是不曾配对过的,添加到list列表 if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { list.add( new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), false )); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 ); } // When discovery is finished, change the Activity title } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility( false ); if (mListView.getCount() == 0 ) { list.add( new ChatMessage( "没有发现蓝牙设备" , false )); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 ); } } } }; |
2. 打开蓝牙(enable),并设置蓝牙的可见性(可以被其它设备扫描到,客户端是主动发请求的,可不设置,服务端必须设置可见)。
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if (mBluetoothAdapter != null ) { if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { // 发送打开蓝牙的意图,系统会弹出一个提示对话框 Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(enableIntent, RESULT_FIRST_USER); // 设置蓝牙的可见性,最大值3600秒,默认120秒,0表示永远可见(作为客户端,可见性可以不设置,服务端必须要设置) Intent displayIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); displayIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 0 ); startActivity(displayIntent); // 直接打开蓝牙 mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); } } |
3. 扫描,startDiscovery()方法是一个很耗性能的操作,在扫描之前可以先使用getBondedDevices()获取已经配对过的设备(可直接连接),避免不必要的消耗。
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private void scanDevice() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } else { // 每次扫描前都先判断一下是否存在已经配对过的设备 Set<bluetoothdevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices.size() > 0 ) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { list.add( new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), true )); } } else { list.add( new ChatMessage( "No devices have been paired" , true )); clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 ); } /* 开始搜索 */ mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); } }</bluetoothdevice> |
4. 通过Mac地址发送连接请求,在这之前必须使用cancelDiscovery()方法停止扫描。
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mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // 通过Mac地址去尝试连接一个设备 BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(BluetoothMsg.BlueToothAddress); |
5. 通过UUID使两个设备之间建立连接。
客户端:主动发请求
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BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" )); // 通过socket连接服务器,这是一个阻塞过程,直到连接建立或者连接失效 socket.connect(); |
服务端:接受一个请求
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BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM, UUID.fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" )); /* 接受客户端的连接请求 */ // 这是一个阻塞过程,直到建立一个连接或者连接失效 // 通过BluetoothServerSocket得到一个BluetoothSocket对象,管理这个连接 BluetoothSocket socket = mServerSocket.accept(); |
6. 通过InputStream/outputStream读写数据流,已达到通信目的。
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OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); os.write(msg.getBytes()); |
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InputStream is = null ; try { is = socket.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } |
7. 关闭所有线程以及socket,并关闭蓝牙设备(disable)。
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if (mClientThread != null ) { mClientThread.interrupt(); mClientThread = null ; } if (mReadThread != null ) { mReadThread.interrupt(); mReadThread = null ; } try { if (socket != null ) { socket.close(); socket = null ; } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO: handle exception } |
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if (mBluetoothAdapter != null ) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // 关闭蓝牙 mBluetoothAdapter.disable(); } unregisterReceiver(mReceiver); |
主要步骤就是这些,为了能够更好的理解,我将服务器端和客户端的代码分开来写了两个程序,下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/visionliao/8417235
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/rabbit-bunny/p/4283296.html