标签：mfc
一MFC视图
1,相关问题
视图窗口 --一个数据的窗口,可以喝用户进行交互操作
MFC视图类CView及其子类
2.视图窗口的使用 框架窗口带标题栏,是父窗口,而视图窗口不带标题栏,是子窗口
2.1将CView类派生自己的视图类(CMyView),并需要重写一个虚函数OnDraw
在框架窗口的WM_CREATE消息中创建视图窗口
处理WM_PAINT消息,则OnDraw()不执行
一个框架窗口,可以包含多个视图窗口,但只有一个是活动窗口,具有焦点。鼠标点击可以获取焦点。
theApp
|->m_hMainWnd(保存框架类对象地址)
|->m_pViewActive(保存视图类对象地址)
3.命令消息处理。(WM_COMMAND)
CFrameWnd::OnCmdMsg内部代码执行顺序
1利用GetActiveView获取视图类对象地址,遍历视图类这个支脉链表查找消息的处理pView->OnCmdMsg
2.利用隐含的this指针(pFrame)调用OnCmdMsg,遍历框架类这个支脉链表查找消息处理
3.利用theApp对象四肢调用OnCmdMsg,遍历应用程序类这个支脉链表查找消息处理。
View--->Frame--->App
二.运行时类信息机制
1.运行时类信息机制的作用
在程序运行过程中,可以判断类对象的相关类的信息以及继承派生关系
2.使用
2.1 类必须派生自CObject
2.2 类内部必须添加声明宏 DECLARE_DYNAMIC(theClass)
2.3 类外添加实现宏
IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC(theClass,baseClass)
CObject::IsKindOf
struct CRuntimeClass
{
// Attributes
LPCSTR m_lpszClassName;//类名称
int m_nObjectSize; //类的大小sizeof
UINT m_wSchema; // schema number of the loaded class //类的版本
CObject* (PASCAL* m_pfnCreateObject)(); // NULL => abstract class
//动态创建机制使用(运行时类信息为NULL)
#ifdef _AFXDLL
CRuntimeClass* (PASCAL* m_pfnGetBaseClass)();
#else
CRuntimeClass* m_pBaseClass; //xxxxx
#endif
// Operations
CObject* CreateObject();
BOOL IsDerivedFrom(const CRuntimeClass* pBaseClass) const;
// Implementation
void Store(CArchive& ar) const;
static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL Load(CArchive& ar, UINT* pwSchemaNum);
// CRuntimeClass objects linked together in simple list
CRuntimeClass* m_pNextClass; // linked list of registered classes //NULL
};
4展开的各部分
classCDog --静态变量 保存了类的相关信息 类名/大小/版本....
GeyRuntimeClass 虚函数
获取CDog类的静态变量地址(&classCDog),(获取链表头结点)
RUNTIME_CLASS(类名) -获取括号中指明的类的静态变量的地址
5 IsKindOf函数执行过程
5.1获取对象所属类的静态变量地址(&classCDog)
5.2拿着这个静态变量&classCDog和被判断类型&classCObject进行比较 如果相等证明对象属于该类
5.3如果不相等 获取父类的静态变量地址与被判断类&classCObject循环进行比较，只要有相等情况证
明对象属于该类
5.4无相等情况证明对象不属于该类。
三动态创建机制
1.动态创建机制的作用
在不知道类名的情况下,将类的对象创建出来。
2.动态创建的使用
1.类必须派生自CObject
2.类内部添加声明宏 DECLARE_DYNCREATE(theClass)
3.类外添加实现宏 IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(theClass,baseClass)
利用CRuntimeClass::CreateObject动态创建对象
3.宏展开各部分作用
3.1静态变量有变化
AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass CDog::classCDog = {
"CDog", //
sizeof(class CDog),
0xFFFF,CDog::CreateObject, //
RUNTIME_CLASS(CAnimal), //
NULL
};
3.2多了一个静态函数CreateObject
new 一个对象,病将对象地址返回。
4.执行过程
4.1首先获取CDog类的静态变量地址(&CDog::classCDog)
4.2利用这个函数地址调用CRuntimeClass::CreateObject函数
4.3在这个函数内部调用CDog::classCDog静态变量的第四个成员(CDog::CreateObject)
4.4在这个函数new了一个CDog类的对象,并返回对象地址。
四。窗口的切分
窗口切分相关问题
1.静态切分 窗口在创建时就完成切分,可以切分多个视图窗口 最多16*16
2.动态切分 程序在运行过程中,根据用户需要实时切分 最多2*2 多个窗口,但是是统一类型的
CSpiltterWnd -父类为CWnd,一种框架类 CFrameWnd 口字型
静态切分
重写虚函数CFrameWnd::OnCreateClient
在函数内部定义CSplitterWnd类对象
利用对象调用CSplitterWnd::CreateStatic创建框架窗口
调用CSplitterWnd::CreateView给各个部分添加视图窗口
*****************************************************************
运行时类信息伪代码
yellowDog.IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CDog){//函数内部this指针为&yellowDog,参数&CObject::classCObject
CRuntimeClass* pClassThis = GetRuntimeClass();//获取链表头结点
return pClassThis->IsDerivedFrom(pClass);{ //pClass 尾节点
//函数内部this指针为pClassThis链表头结点 ==&CDog::classCDog
const CRuntimeClass* pClassThis = this; //this==&CDog::classCDog
while(pClassThis!-NULL){
if(pClass==&CObject::classCDog){
return TRUE;
}
pClassThis=pClassThis->m_pBaseClass;
}
return FALSE;
}
}
***************************************************************
动态创建机制
RUNTIME_CLASS(CDog)->CreateObject(){//this==&CDog::classCDog
pObject=(*pfnCreateObject)();{
return new CDog;//new 一个对象,并将地址返回.
}
}
*************************************************
BOOL CRuntimeClass::IsDerivedFrom(const CRuntimeClass* pBaseClass) const
{
ASSERT(this != NULL);
ASSERT(AfxIsValidAddress(this, sizeof(CRuntimeClass), FALSE));
ASSERT(pBaseClass != NULL);
ASSERT(AfxIsValidAddress(pBaseClass, sizeof(CRuntimeClass), FALSE));
// simple SI case
const CRuntimeClass* pClassThis = this;
while (pClassThis != NULL)
{
if (pClassThis == pBaseClass)
return TRUE;
#ifdef _AFXDLL
pClassThis = (*pClassThis->m_pfnGetBaseClass)();
#else
pClassThis = pClassThis->m_pBaseClass;
#endif
}
return FALSE; // walked to the top, no match
}
BOOL CObject::IsKindOf(const CRuntimeClass* pClass) const
{
ASSERT(this != NULL);
// it better be in valid memory, at least for CObject size
ASSERT(AfxIsValidAddress(this, sizeof(CObject)));
// simple SI case
CRuntimeClass* pClassThis = GetRuntimeClass(); yellowDog->GetRuntimeClass(); 返回头结点
return pClassThis->IsDerivedFrom(pClass);
}
之前该过程与WM_CREATE一致
OnWndMsg(){
OnCommand(){
UINT nID = LOWORD(wParam); //获取被点击菜单项的ID
...
OnCmdMsg(nID...){
CView* pView = GetActiveView(){;//this==pFrame 获取具有焦点的视图
return m_pViewActive;
}
pView->OnCmdMsg(nID, nCode, pExtra, pHandlerInfo){;//函数内部指针为pView
}
}
}
}
BOOL CWnd::OnWndMsg(UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, LRESULT* pResult)
{
LRESULT lResult = 0;
// special case for commands
if (message == WM_COMMAND)
{ //菜单挂在框架窗口上
if (OnCommand(wParam, lParam)) //this==pFrame
{
lResult = 1;
goto LReturnTrue;
}
return FALSE;
}
.....
}
void CView::OnPaint()
{
// standard paint routine
CPaintDC dc(this);
OnPrepareDC(&dc);
OnDraw(&dc); //父类调用
}
CView* CFrameWnd::GetActiveView() const
{
ASSERT(m_pViewActive == NULL ||
m_pViewActive->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CView)));
return m_pViewActive;
}
CMyView::OnDraw(CDC * 0x0018fa98 {CPaintDC hWnd=0x00060190}) line 16
CView::OnPaint() line 185
CWnd::OnWndMsg(unsigned int 15, unsigned int 0, long 0, long * 0x0018fc08) line 1836
CWnd::WindowProc(unsigned int 15, unsigned int 0, long 0) line 1596 + 30 bytes
AfxCallWndProc(CWnd * 0x028d1680 {CMyView hWnd=0x00060190}, HWND__ * 0x00060190, unsigned int 15, unsigned int 0, long 0) line 215 + 26 bytes
AfxWndProc(HWND__ * 0x00060190, unsigned int 15, unsigned int 0, long 0) line 379
USER32! 760162fa()
USER32! 76017316()
USER32! 76016de8()
USER32! 76016e44()
NTDLL! 776f011a()
CWnd::UpdateWindow() line 118 + 63 bytes
CMyWinApp::InitInstance() line 62
AfxWinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x006f588e, int 1) line 39 + 11 bytes
WinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x006f588e, int 1) line 30
WinMainCRTStartup() line 198 + 54 bytes
KERNEL32! 767b33ca()
NTDLL! 77719ed2()
NTDLL! 77719ea
CObject* CRuntimeClass::CreateObject()
{
if (m_pfnCreateObject == NULL) //this->
{
TRACE(_T("Error: Trying to create object which is not ")
_T("DECLARE_DYNCREATE \nor DECLARE_SERIAL: %hs.\n"),
m_lpszClassName);
return NULL;
}
CObject* pObject = NULL;
TRY
{
pObject = (*m_pfnCreateObject)();
}
END_TRY
return pObject;
}
宏展开
#ifdef _AFXDLL
#define DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) protected: static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL _GetBaseClass(); public: static const AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#define _DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) protected: static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL _GetBaseClass(); public: static AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#else
#define DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) public: static const AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#define _DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) public: static AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#endif
struct CRuntimeClass
{
// Attributes
LPCSTR m_lpszClassName;
int m_nObjectSize;
UINT m_wSchema; // schema number of the loaded class
CObject* (PASCAL* m_pfnCreateObject)(); // NULL => abstract class
#ifdef _AFXDLL
CRuntimeClass* (PASCAL* m_pfnGetBaseClass)();
#else
CRuntimeClass* m_pBaseClass;
#endif
// Operations
CObject* CreateObject();
BOOL IsDerivedFrom(const CRuntimeClass* pBaseClass) const;
// Implementation
void Store(CArchive& ar) const;
static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL Load(CArchive& ar, UINT* pwSchemaNum);
// CRuntimeClass objects linked together in simple list
CRuntimeClass* m_pNextClass; // linked list of registered classes
};
#ifdef _AFXDLL
#define IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) CRuntimeClass* PASCAL class_name::_GetBaseClass() { return RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name); } AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, &class_name::_GetBaseClass, NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#define _IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) CRuntimeClass* PASCAL class_name::_GetBaseClass() { return RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name); } AFX_COMDAT AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, &class_name::_GetBaseClass, NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#else
AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name), NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#define _IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name), NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); } \
#define DECLARE_DYNCREATE(class_name) DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) static CObject* PASCAL CreateObject();
protected: static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL _GetBaseClass(); public: static AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#ifdef _AFXDLL
#define DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) protected: static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL _GetBaseClass(); public: static const AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#define _DECLARE_DYNAMIC(class_name) protected: static CRuntimeClass* PASCAL _GetBaseClass(); public: static AFX_DATA CRuntimeClass class##class_name; virtual CRuntimeClass* GetRuntimeClass() const;
#else
#define IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(class_name, base_class_name) CObject* PASCAL class_name::CreateObject() { return new class_name; } IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, 0xFFFF, class_name::CreateObject)
#ifdef _AFXDLL
#define IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) CRuntimeClass* PASCAL class_name::_GetBaseClass() { return RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name); } AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, &class_name::_GetBaseClass, NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#define _IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) CRuntimeClass* PASCAL class_name::_GetBaseClass() { return RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name); } AFX_COMDAT AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, &class_name::_GetBaseClass, NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#else
#define IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name), NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#define _IMPLEMENT_RUNTIMECLASS(class_name, base_class_name, wSchema, pfnNew) AFX_DATADEF CRuntimeClass class_name::class##class_name = { #class_name, sizeof(class class_name), wSchema, pfnNew, RUNTIME_CLASS(base_class_name), NULL }; CRuntimeClass* class_name::GetRuntimeClass() const { return RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name); }
#endif
****************************
CObject* CRuntimeClass::CreateObject()
{
if (m_pfnCreateObject == NULL)
{
TRACE(_T("Error: Trying to create object which is not ")
_T("DECLARE_DYNCREATE \nor DECLARE_SERIAL: %hs.\n"),
m_lpszClassName);
return NULL;
}
CObject* pObject = NULL;
TRY
{
pObject = (*m_pfnCreateObject)();
}
END_TRY
return pObject;
}
mfc第五天
标签：mfc
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/u011185633/article/details/44806389
