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Android开发实例-健康食谱应用(二)

时间:2015-04-01 17:50:53      阅读:234      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/einarzhang/article/details/44806975

本系列文章主要介绍如何利用Android开发一个简单的健康食谱软件。用到的相关技术如下所示:

  • 提供GridView和ListView的基本使用
  • 利用universal-image-loader异步加载网络图片
  • 通过HttpClient获取网络http请求数据
  • 滑动分页加载数据
软件所用的所有数据均来源于http://doc.yi18.net/cookwendang提供的食谱接口,感谢他们!

软件文件结构如下所示:
技术分享
MainActivity:主界面Acitivity
MListActivity:子分类列表Acitivity
CListActivity:食谱列表Activity
DetailActivity:食谱详情Activity

MainGridAdapter:主界面食谱分类适配器
CListAdapter:食谱列表适配器
Cook:用于保存食谱信息的pojo

HttpUtils:提供Http请求相关功能
MUtils:提供食谱相关的处理逻辑功能



搜索食谱

我们在主界面提供了搜索食谱功能,当用户输入食谱名称时,软件将给用户展现出想要的食谱列表。搜索食谱我们主要用到http://api.yi18.net/cook/search接口。
我们在MUtils方法增加搜索食谱方法:
public static ArrayList<Cook> search(final String keyword, final int page) {
		String url = "http://api.yi18.net/cook/search";
		String result = HttpUtils.httpGet(url, new HashMap<String, Object>(){{
			put("keyword", URLEncoder.encode(keyword));
			put("page", page);
			put("limit", 20);
		}});
		ArrayList<Cook> dataMap = new  ArrayList<Cook>();
		if(result != null) {
			try {
				JSONObject root = new JSONObject(result);
				if(root.getBoolean("success")) {
					JSONArray datas = root.getJSONArray("yi18");
					for(int i = 0, len = datas.length(); i < len; i++) {
						JSONObject obj = datas.getJSONObject(i);
						Cook c = new Cook();
						c.id = obj.optInt("id");
						c.name = obj.optString("name");
						if(c.name != null) {
							c.name = c.name.replace("<font color=\"red\">", "").replace("</font>", "");
						}
						c.food = obj.optString("description");
						c.img = obj.optString("img");
						c.tag = obj.optString("keywords");
						dataMap.add(c);
					}
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
		return dataMap;
	}
该搜索方法提供了食谱名称和分页页码参数,便于前端实现分页刷新功能,因为返回的食谱名称中包含Html信息,我们将其过滤掉。搜索结果将进入食谱列表界面,界面展示出搜索的结果信息

获取分类食谱

当用户点击某一子分类时,将获取出分类下的食谱列表,主要用到http://api.yi18.net/cook/list接口
我们在MUtils中增加如下方法:
public static ArrayList<Cook> getCooks(final int classId, final int page, final int sortType) {
		String url = "http://api.yi18.net/cook/list";
		String result = HttpUtils.httpGet(url, new HashMap<String, Object>(){{
			put("id", classId);
			put("page", page);
			put("limit", 20);
			put("type", sortType == SORT2 ? "count" : "id");
		}});
		ArrayList<Cook> dataMap = new  ArrayList<Cook>();
		if(result != null) {
			try {
				JSONObject root = new JSONObject(result);
				if(root.getBoolean("success")) {
					JSONArray datas = root.getJSONArray("yi18");
					for(int i = 0, len = datas.length(); i < len; i++) {
						JSONObject obj = datas.getJSONObject(i);
						Cook c = new Cook();
						c.id = obj.optInt("id");
						c.name = obj.optString("name");
						c.count = obj.optInt("count");
						c.fcount = obj.optInt("fcount");
						c.rcount = obj.optInt("rcount");
						c.food = obj.optString("food");
						c.img = obj.optString("img");
						c.tag = obj.optString("tag");
						dataMap.add(c);
					}
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
		return dataMap;
	}
同搜索食谱功能一致,这里提供page对象,便于提供分页加载


食谱列表界面

食谱列表界面用于展示匹配相应结果的食谱列表,为了用户更好的了解食谱,在列表中我们提供缩略图展示。当用户搜索食谱或者点击某一分类时,将进入食谱列表界面。
食谱列表界面最终效果图如下所示:
技术分享


每个列表展示出食谱的缩略图、食谱名称和食谱涉及的材料。列表布局XML设计如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/list_item_bg" 
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="@drawable/title_bg" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/clist_return"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_centerVertical="true"
            android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
            android:src="@drawable/arrowl" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/clist_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textSize="18sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />
    </RelativeLayout>

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/clist"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:scrollbars="none" >
    </ListView>


</LinearLayout>

每个Item的布局clist_item.xml如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="150dp"
    android:background="@drawable/list_selector" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/clist_item_icon"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:scaleType="fitCenter"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
         />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/clist_item_icon"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/clist_item_arrow"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/clist_item_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textSize="18sp" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/clist_item_detail"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:lines="1"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="@color/clist_item_tag"
            android:textSize="14sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/clist_item_arrow"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:src="@drawable/arrowr" />

</RelativeLayout>

我们利用clist_item.xml渲染自定义的ListAdapter,取名CListApdater,其代码如下所示:
import java.util.List;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.DisplayImageOptions;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoader;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoaderConfiguration;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.assist.ImageScaleType;

public class CListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
	
	private CListActivity activity;
	
	private List<Cook> dataList;
	
	public CListAdapter(CListActivity activity, List<Cook> dataList) {
		this.activity = activity;
		this.dataList = dataList;
		//初始化Android-Universal-Image-Loader框架
		ImageLoader.getInstance().init(ImageLoaderConfiguration.createDefault(activity));
	}

	@Override
	public int getCount() {
		return dataList.size();
	}

	@Override
	public Object getItem(int position) {
		return position;
	}

	@Override
	public long getItemId(int position) {
		return position;
	}

	@Override
	public View getView(final int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
		convertView = LayoutInflater.from(activity).inflate(R.layout.clist_item, null);
		final Cook c = dataList.get(position);
		((TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.clist_item_title)).setText(c.name);
		((TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.clist_item_detail)).setText(c.tag);
		//设置图片显示格式(我们可以设置圆角、缓存等一些列配置)
		DisplayImageOptions options = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()  
	        .showImageOnLoading(R.drawable.loading)  	//加载中显示的正在加载中的图片
	        .showImageOnFail(R.drawable.loading)  		//为了方便,加载失败也显示加载中的图片
	        .cacheInMemory(true)  					//在内存中缓存图片
	        .cacheOnDisk(true)  					
	        .bitmapConfig(Bitmap.Config.RGB_565)
	        .imageScaleType(ImageScaleType.EXACTLY)		//设置图片以如何的编码方式显示
	        .build(); 
		//异步加载图片,并渲染到指定的控件上
		ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(MUtils.PREFIX_IMG + c.img, (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.clist_item_icon), options);
		//Item点击后进入食谱详情界面
		convertView.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				Intent intent = new Intent(activity, DetailActivity.class);
				intent.putExtra("id", c.id);
				intent.putExtra("title", c.name);
				activity.startActivity(intent);
			}
		});
		return convertView;
	}

	//为Adapter增加新的食谱数据,当分页加载时,用于更新分页信息
	public void add(List<Cook> newData) {
		dataList.addAll(newData);
	}
}

CListAcitivity同时实现了搜索和分类进入的展示功能,并加入下拉分页加载,其代码如下所示:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Handler.Callback;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AbsListView;
import android.widget.AbsListView.OnScrollListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class CListActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener, OnItemClickListener, Runnable {
	
	int lastVisibleIndex = 0;	//滚动的最后可见条目
	int page = 1;	//当前分页页码
	int cId;		//分类ID
	String keyword;	//搜索关键词
	CListAdapter mAdapter;	
	List<Cook> cList;
	ListView mlistView;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.clist);
		findViewById(R.id.clist_return).setOnClickListener(this);
		mlistView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.clist);
		mlistView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
		mlistView.setOnScrollListener(scrollListener);
		cId = getIntent().getIntExtra("id", 0);
		if(cId == 0) {
			//食谱搜索
			keyword = getIntent().getStringExtra("keyword");
			((TextView)findViewById(R.id.clist_title)).setText(keyword);
		} else {
			//分类进入
			((TextView)findViewById(R.id.clist_title)).setText(getIntent().getStringExtra("title"));
		}
		cList = new ArrayList<Cook>();
		new Thread(this).start();
	}
	
	@Override
	public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> av, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) {
		
	}
	
	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.clist_return:
			CListActivity.this.finish();
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		loadData();
		handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
	}
	
	public void loadData() {
		List<Cook> results;
		if(cId == 0) {
			results = MUtils.search(keyword, page++);
		} else {
			results = MUtils.getCooks(cId, page++, MUtils.SORT1);
		}
		//获取成功,则更新数据列表
		cList.addAll(results);
	}
	
	Handler handler = new Handler(new Callback() {
		@Override
		public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
			//更新列表界面
			if(mAdapter == null) {
				mAdapter = new CListAdapter(CListActivity.this, cList);
				mlistView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
			} else {
				mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
			}
			return false;
		}
	});
	
	OnScrollListener scrollListener = new OnScrollListener() {

		@Override
		public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {
			int itemsLastIndex = mAdapter.getCount() - 1; // 数据集最后一项的索引
			if ((scrollState == SCROLL_STATE_TOUCH_SCROLL || scrollState == SCROLL_STATE_IDLE)
					&& lastVisibleIndex == itemsLastIndex) {
				//当滚动最后一项时,加载新的一页数据
				new Thread(CListActivity.this).start();
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem,
				int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) {
			//滚动过程中更新最后可见索引
			lastVisibleIndex = firstVisibleItem + visibleItemCount - 1;
		}
	};
}

从代码中可以看到,我们通过为ListView定制OnScrollListener来实现滚动的分页加载逻辑

食谱详情

食谱详情用户展示食谱的详细信息,用户可以在详情里面看到食物的具体制作方法。
最终效果图如下所示:

技术分享

我们首先在MUtils加上获取详情的功能:
public static Cook show(final int id) {
		String url = "http://api.yi18.net/cook/show";
		String result = HttpUtils.httpGet(url, new HashMap<String, Object>(){{
			put("id", id);
		}});
		if(result != null) {
			try {
				JSONObject root = new JSONObject(result);
				if(root.getBoolean("success")) {
					JSONObject obj = root.getJSONObject("yi18");
					Cook c = new Cook();
					c.id = obj.optInt("id");
					c.name = obj.optString("name");
					c.count = obj.optInt("count");
					c.fcount = obj.optInt("fcount");
					c.rcount = obj.optInt("rcount");
					c.food = obj.optString("food");
					c.img = obj.optString("img");
					c.tag = obj.optString("tag");
					c.message = obj.optString("message");
					return c;
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	

详情的布局xml如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/list_item_bg" >

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/detail_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:background="@drawable/title_bg" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/detail_return"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_centerVertical="true"
            android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
            android:src="@drawable/arrowl" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/detail_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textSize="18sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />
    </RelativeLayout>

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_below="@+id/detail_layout"
        android:scrollbars="none" >

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/detail_img"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_margin="10dp" >
            </ImageView>

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/detail_name"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
                android:textColor="@color/clist_item_tag"
                android:textSize="20sp" />

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/detail_food"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
                android:textSize="14sp" />

            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
                android:background="@drawable/lines" />

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/detail_text"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
                android:padding="20dp"
                android:textSize="16sp" />
        </LinearLayout>
    </ScrollView>
</RelativeLayout>

DetailActivity的完整实现代码如下所示:
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoader;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.text.Html;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class DetailActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener, Runnable {

	private TextView titleView, contentView, foodView, nameView;
	private ImageView imgView;
	private int id;
	private Cook cook;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.detail);
		titleView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.detail_title);
		contentView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.detail_text);
		foodView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.detail_food);
		nameView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.detail_name);
		imgView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.detail_img);
		findViewById(R.id.detail_return).setOnClickListener(this);
		initData();
	}
	
	private void initData() {
		titleView.setText(getIntent().getStringExtra("title"));
		id = getIntent().getIntExtra("id", 1);
		new Thread(this).start();
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		cook = MUtils.show(id);
		handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.detail_return:
			DetailActivity.this.finish();
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	
	Handler handler = new Handler() {
		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			//异步显示图片
			ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(MUtils.PREFIX_IMG + cook.img, imgView);
			nameView.setText(cook.name);
			foodView.setText(cook.food);
			//内容以Html的方式展示
			contentView.setText(Html.fromHtml(cook.message));
		}
	};
}

至此,完整的健康食谱软件开发完成

Android开发实例-健康食谱应用(二)

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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/einarzhang/article/details/44806975

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