MFC对话框
1分类
模式和非模式
2相关类
CDialog --父类 CWnd
CCommonDialog 通用对话框--父类CDialog
CPropertypage 属性页对话框 --父类CDialog
CpropertySheet类,与CPropertypage一起完成属性页的创建.
3创建基于对话框的应用程序。
1.模式对话框
添加对话框资源，定义相关联的对话框类。
调用CDialog::DoModal函数创建和显示对话框。
通过调用CDialog::OnOk和CDialog::OnCancel关闭对话框。
virtual BOOL OnInitDialog( ); //初始化
2非模式对话框
添加资源，定义相关联的对话框类
创建和显示与一般框架窗口类似。
处理对话框的关闭。 点击关闭按钮与cancel处理函数相同
virtual void OnOK( );
virtual void OnCancel( );
先调用父类的函数再销毁。
DestroyWindow
virtual void PostNcDestroy( ); //最后执行的函数
CWnd::PostNcDestroy
先删除子类再删除父类。
DoModal函数调用
查找对话框资源。
hInst = AfxFindResourceHandle(m_lpszTemplateName, RT_DIALOG);
HRSRC hResource = ::FindResource(hInst, m_lpszTemplateName, RT_DIALOG);
hDialogTemplate = LoadResource(hInst, hResource);
将父窗口设置为不可用状态。
HWND hWndParent = PreModal();
AfxUnhookWindowCreate();
BOOL bEnableParent = FALSE;
if (hWndParent != NULL && ::IsWindowEnabled(hWndParent))
{
::EnableWindow(hWndParent, FALSE);
bEnableParent = TRUE;
}
创建非模式对话框,进入对话框消息循环。(父窗口不可用)
AfxHookWindowCreate(this);
if (CreateDlgIndirect(lpDialogTemplate,
CWnd::FromHandle(hWndParent), hInst))
{
if (m_nFlags & WF_CONTINUEMODAL)
{
// enter modal loop
DWORD dwFlags = MLF_SHOWONIDLE;
if (GetStyle() & DS_NOIDLEMSG)
dwFlags |= MLF_NOIDLEMSG;
VERIFY(RunModalLoop(dwFlags) == m_nModalResult);
}
// hide the window before enabling the parent, etc.
if (m_hWnd != NULL)
SetWindowPos(NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_HIDEWINDOW|
SWP_NOSIZE|SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOACTIVATE|SWP_NOZORDER);
}
消息循环
int CWnd::RunModalLoop(DWORD dwFlags)
{
ASSERT(::IsWindow(m_hWnd)); // window must be created
ASSERT(!(m_nFlags & WF_MODALLOOP)); // window must not already be in modal state
// for tracking the idle time state
BOOL bIdle = TRUE;
LONG lIdleCount = 0;
BOOL bShowIdle = (dwFlags & MLF_SHOWONIDLE) && !(GetStyle() & WS_VISIBLE);
HWND hWndParent = ::GetParent(m_hWnd);
m_nFlags |= (WF_MODALLOOP|WF_CONTINUEMODAL);
MSG* pMsg = &AfxGetThread()->m_msgCur;
// acquire and dispatch messages until the modal state is done
for (;;)
{
ASSERT(ContinueModal());
// phase1: check to see if we can do idle work
while (bIdle &&
!::PeekMessage(pMsg, NULL, NULL, NULL, PM_NOREMOVE))
{
ASSERT(ContinueModal());
// show the dialog when the message queue goes idle
if (bShowIdle)
{
ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
UpdateWindow();
bShowIdle = FALSE;
}
// call OnIdle while in bIdle state
if (!(dwFlags & MLF_NOIDLEMSG) && hWndParent != NULL && lIdleCount == 0)
{
// send WM_ENTERIDLE to the parent
::SendMessage(hWndParent, WM_ENTERIDLE, MSGF_DIALOGBOX, (LPARAM)m_hWnd);
}
if ((dwFlags & MLF_NOKICKIDLE) ||
!SendMessage(WM_KICKIDLE, MSGF_DIALOGBOX, lIdleCount++))
{
// stop idle processing next time
bIdle = FALSE;
}
}
// phase2: pump messages while available
do
{
ASSERT(ContinueModal());
// pump message, but quit on WM_QUIT
if (!AfxGetThread()->PumpMessage())
{
AfxPostQuitMessage(0);
return -1;
}
// show the window when certain special messages rec'd
if (bShowIdle &&
(pMsg->message == 0x118 || pMsg->message == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
{
ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
UpdateWindow();
bShowIdle = FALSE;
}
if (!ContinueModal())
goto ExitModal;
// reset "no idle" state after pumping "normal" message
if (AfxGetThread()->IsIdleMessage(pMsg))
{
bIdle = TRUE;
lIdleCount = 0;
}
} while (::PeekMessage(pMsg, NULL, NULL, NULL, PM_NOREMOVE));
}
ExitModal:
m_nFlags &= ~(WF_MODALLOOP|WF_CONTINUEMODAL);
return m_nModalResult;
}
点击ok和cancel按钮时先隐藏对话框窗口，然后将父窗口设置为可用和激活状态
BOOL CWnd::SetWindowPos(const CWnd* pWndInsertAfter, int x, int y, int cx,
int cy, UINT nFlags)
{
ASSERT(::IsWindow(m_hWnd));
if (m_pCtrlSite == NULL)
return ::SetWindowPos(m_hWnd, pWndInsertAfter->GetSafeHwnd(),
x, y, cx, cy, nFlags);
else
return m_pCtrlSite->SetWindowPos(pWndInsertAfter, x, y, cx, cy, nFlags);
}
调用DestroyWindow函数销毁对话框窗口。 //DoModal函数中调用。
返回DoModal函数的执行结果。IDOK:1 IDCANCEL:0
释放资源
CMainFrame::OnDlgModal() line 116
_AfxDispatchCmdMsg(CCmdTarget * 0x007f4008 {CMainFrame hWnd=0x00040696}, unsigned int 32771, int 0, void (void)* 0x0040117c CMainFrame::OnDlgModal(void), void * 0x00000000, unsigned int 12, AFX_CMDHANDLERINFO * 0x00000000) line 88
CCmdTarget::OnCmdMsg(unsigned int 32771, int 0, void * 0x00000000, AFX_CMDHANDLERINFO * 0x00000000) line 302 + 39 bytes
CFrameWnd::OnCmdMsg(unsigned int 32771, int 0, void * 0x00000000, AFX_CMDHANDLERINFO * 0x00000000) line 898 + 24 bytes
CWnd::OnCommand(unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 2099
CFrameWnd::OnCommand(unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 321
CWnd::OnWndMsg(unsigned int 273, unsigned int 32771, long 0, long * 0x0018fc7c) line 1608 + 28 bytes
CWnd::WindowProc(unsigned int 273, unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 1596 + 30 bytes
AfxCallWndProc(CWnd * 0x007f4008 {CMainFrame hWnd=0x00040696}, HWND__ * 0x00040696, unsigned int 273, unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 215 + 26 bytes
AfxWndProc(HWND__ * 0x00040696, unsigned int 273, unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 379
AfxWndProcBase(HWND__ * 0x00040696, unsigned int 273, unsigned int 32771, long 0) line 220 + 21 bytes
USER32! 765762fa()
USER32! 76576d3a()
USER32! 765777c4()
USER32! 76577bca()
CWinThread::PumpMessage() line 853
CWinThread::Run() line 487 + 11 bytes
CWinApp::Run() line 400
AfxWinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x005458ba, int 1) line 49 + 11 bytes
WinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x005458ba, int 1) line 30
WinMainCRTStartup() line 330 + 54 bytes
KERNEL32! 763633ca()
NTDLL! 77149ed2()
NTDLL! 77149ea5()
int CDialog::DoModal()
{
// can be constructed with a resource template or InitModalIndirect
ASSERT(m_lpszTemplateName != NULL || m_hDialogTemplate != NULL ||
m_lpDialogTemplate != NULL);
// load resource as necessary
LPCDLGTEMPLATE lpDialogTemplate = m_lpDialogTemplate;
HGLOBAL hDialogTemplate = m_hDialogTemplate;
HINSTANCE hInst = AfxGetResourceHandle();
if (m_lpszTemplateName != NULL)
{
hInst = AfxFindResourceHandle(m_lpszTemplateName, RT_DIALOG);
HRSRC hResource = ::FindResource(hInst, m_lpszTemplateName, RT_DIALOG);
hDialogTemplate = LoadResource(hInst, hResource);
}
if (hDialogTemplate != NULL)
lpDialogTemplate = (LPCDLGTEMPLATE)LockResource(hDialogTemplate);
// return -1 in case of failure to load the dialog template resource
if (lpDialogTemplate == NULL)
return -1;
// disable parent (before creating dialog)
HWND hWndParent = PreModal();
AfxUnhookWindowCreate();
BOOL bEnableParent = FALSE;
if (hWndParent != NULL && ::IsWindowEnabled(hWndParent))
{
::EnableWindow(hWndParent, FALSE);
bEnableParent = TRUE;
}
TRY
{
// create modeless dialog
AfxHookWindowCreate(this);
if (CreateDlgIndirect(lpDialogTemplate,
CWnd::FromHandle(hWndParent), hInst))
{
if (m_nFlags & WF_CONTINUEMODAL)
{
// enter modal loop
DWORD dwFlags = MLF_SHOWONIDLE;
if (GetStyle() & DS_NOIDLEMSG)
dwFlags |= MLF_NOIDLEMSG;
VERIFY(RunModalLoop(dwFlags) == m_nModalResult);
}
// hide the window before enabling the parent, etc.
if (m_hWnd != NULL)
SetWindowPos(NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_HIDEWINDOW|
SWP_NOSIZE|SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOACTIVATE|SWP_NOZORDER);
}
}
CATCH_ALL(e)
{
DELETE_EXCEPTION(e);
m_nModalResult = -1;
}
END_CATCH_ALL
if (bEnableParent)
::EnableWindow(hWndParent, TRUE);
if (hWndParent != NULL && ::GetActiveWindow() == m_hWnd)
::SetActiveWindow(hWndParent);
// destroy modal window
DestroyWindow();
PostModal();
// unlock/free resources as necessary
if (m_lpszTemplateName != NULL || m_hDialogTemplate != NULL)
UnlockResource(hDialogTemplate);
if (m_lpszTemplateName != NULL)
FreeResource(hDialogTemplate);
return m_nModalResult;
}
**********************************************************
对话框数据交换技术 DDX
将控件与类的成员变量绑定，通过操作成员变量来达到操作控件的目的。
相关的几个函数。
DDX_Control 将控件与控件类型的变量绑定
DDX_Text 将控件与值类型的变量绑定。
2包含一些绑定函数的函数
DoDataExchange 数据交换函数。
3 UpdateData 数据更新函数。
通常需要程序员调用。
UpdateData(TRUE) 将用户在控件上输入或者选择的值传递给它绑定的变量
UpdateData(FALSE) 变量的值传递给预支绑定的控件。
DDX 使用
virtual void DoDataExchange(
CDataExchange* pDX );
void AFXAPI DDX_Control(CDataExchange* pDX, int nIDC, CWnd& rControl)
{
if (rControl.m_hWnd == NULL) // not subclassed yet
{
ASSERT(!pDX->m_bSaveAndValidate);
HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareCtrl(nIDC);
if (!rControl.SubclassWindow(hWndCtrl))
{
ASSERT(FALSE); // possibly trying to subclass twice?
AfxThrowNotSupportedException();
}
#ifndef _AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT
else
{
// If the control has reparented itself (e.g., invisible control),
// make sure that the CWnd gets properly wired to its control site.
if (pDX->m_pDlgWnd->m_hWnd != ::GetParent(rControl.m_hWnd))
rControl.AttachControlSite(pDX->m_pDlgWnd);
}
#endif //!_AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT
}
}
DDX_Control(CDataExchange * 0x0018f590, int 1, CWnd & {CWnd hWnd=0x00000000}) line 621
CMyDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange * 0x0018f590) line 18
CWnd::UpdateData(int 0) line 3120
CDialog::OnInitDialog() line 680 + 10 bytes
CMyDlg::OnInitDialog() line 27 + 8 bytes
AfxDlgProc(HWND__ * 0x005d0746, unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, unsigned int 591518) line 35 + 14 bytes
USER32! 765762fa()
USER32! 7659f9df()
USER32! 7659f784()
USER32! 7658afac()
USER32! 765762fa()
USER32! 76576d3a()
USER32! 76580d27()
USER32! 7658794a()
CWnd::DefWindowProcA(unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0) line 1011 + 32 bytes
CWnd::Default() line 258
CDialog::HandleInitDialog(unsigned int 591518, unsigned int 591518) line 624 + 8 bytes
CWnd::OnWndMsg(unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0, long * 0x0018f9c4) line 1826 + 17 bytes
CWnd::WindowProc(unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0) line 1596 + 30 bytes
AfxCallWndProc(CWnd * 0x0018fdfc {CMyDlg hWnd=0x005d0746}, HWND__ * 0x005d0746, unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0) line 215 + 26 bytes
AfxWndProc(HWND__ * 0x005d0746, unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0) line 379
AfxWndProcBase(HWND__ * 0x005d0746, unsigned int 272, unsigned int 591518, long 0) line 220 + 21 bytes
USER32! 765762fa()
USER32! 76576d3a()
USER32! 7657965e()
USER32! 765a206f()
USER32! 765a10d3()
USER32! 7658b044()
CWnd::CreateDlgIndirect(const DLGTEMPLATE * 0x00417170, CWnd * 0x00000000 {CWnd hWnd=???}, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000) line 327 + 36 bytes
CDialog::DoModal() line 531 + 32 bytes
CDlgDDXApp::InitInstance() line 47
AfxWinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x005d589c, int 1) line 39 + 11 bytes
WinMain(HINSTANCE__ * 0x00400000, HINSTANCE__ * 0x00000000, char * 0x005d589c, int 1) line 30
WinMainCRTStartup() line 330 + 54 bytes
KERNEL32! 763633ca()
NTDLL! 77149ed2()
NTDLL! 77149ea5()
DDX实现原理
DDX_Control,控件 类型的绑定
调用PrepareCtrl,通过调用资源ID得到控件的句柄
调用SubclassWindow,在函数中，调用Attach函数,
将控件类型的变量与控件句柄绑定。
DDX_Text,值类型的绑定
调用PrepareEditCtrl， 通过资源ID获取控件的句柄。
根据UpdateData()函数的参数的值,调用AfxGetWindowText/AfxSetWindowText
获取控件的值赋值给变量/吧变量的值传递给控件。
CMyDlg::OnInitDialog
->CDialog::OnInitDialog
->UpdateData
->DoDataExchange
->DDX_Control/DDX_Text
BOOL CDialog::OnInitDialog()
{
// execute dialog RT_DLGINIT resource
BOOL bDlgInit;
if (m_lpDialogInit != NULL)
bDlgInit = ExecuteDlgInit(m_lpDialogInit);
else
bDlgInit = ExecuteDlgInit(m_lpszTemplateName);
if (!bDlgInit)
{
TRACE0("Warning: ExecuteDlgInit failed during dialog init.\n");
EndDialog(-1);
return FALSE;
}
// transfer data into the dialog from member variables
if (!UpdateData(FALSE))
{
TRACE0("Warning: UpdateData failed during dialog init.\n");
EndDialog(-1);
return FALSE;
}
// enable/disable help button automatically
CWnd* pHelpButton = GetDlgItem(ID_HELP);
if (pHelpButton != NULL)
pHelpButton->ShowWindow(AfxHelpEnabled() ? SW_SHOW : SW_HIDE);
return TRUE; // set focus to first one
}
BOOL CWnd::UpdateData(BOOL bSaveAndValidate)
{
ASSERT(::IsWindow(m_hWnd)); // calling UpdateData before DoModal?
CDataExchange dx(this, bSaveAndValidate);
// prevent control notifications from being dispatched during UpdateData
_AFX_THREAD_STATE* pThreadState = AfxGetThreadState();
HWND hWndOldLockout = pThreadState->m_hLockoutNotifyWindow;
ASSERT(hWndOldLockout != m_hWnd); // must not recurse
pThreadState->m_hLockoutNotifyWindow = m_hWnd;
BOOL bOK = FALSE; // assume failure
TRY
{
DoDataExchange(&dx); ------------------------------->调用子类
bOK = TRUE; // it worked
}
CATCH(CUserException, e)
{
// validation failed - user already alerted, fall through
ASSERT(!bOK);
// Note: DELETE_EXCEPTION_(e) not required
}
AND_CATCH_ALL(e)
{
// validation failed due to OOM or other resource failure
e->ReportError(MB_ICONEXCLAMATION, AFX_IDP_INTERNAL_FAILURE);
ASSERT(!bOK);
DELETE_EXCEPTION(e);
}
END_CATCH_ALL
pThreadState->m_hLockoutNotifyWindow = hWndOldLockout;
return bOK;
}
HWND CDataExchange::PrepareCtrl(int nIDC)
{
ASSERT(nIDC != 0);
ASSERT(nIDC != -1); // not allowed
HWND hWndCtrl;
m_pDlgWnd->GetDlgItem(nIDC, &hWndCtrl);
if (hWndCtrl == NULL)
{
TRACE1("Error: no data exchange control with ID 0x%04X.\n", nIDC);
ASSERT(FALSE);
AfxThrowNotSupportedException();
}
m_hWndLastControl = hWndCtrl;
m_bEditLastControl = FALSE; // not an edit item by default
ASSERT(hWndCtrl != NULL); // never return NULL handle
return hWndCtrl;
}
void CWnd::GetDlgItem(int nID, HWND* phWnd) const
{
ASSERT(::IsWindow(m_hWnd));
ASSERT(phWnd != NULL);
if (m_pCtrlCont == NULL)
*phWnd = ::GetDlgItem(m_hWnd, nID);
else
m_pCtrlCont->GetDlgItem(nID, phWnd);
}
BOOL CWnd::SubclassWindow(HWND hWnd)
{
if (!Attach(hWnd))
return FALSE;
// allow any other subclassing to occur
PreSubclassWindow();
// now hook into the AFX WndProc
WNDPROC* lplpfn = GetSuperWndProcAddr();
WNDPROC oldWndProc = (WNDPROC)::SetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_WNDPROC,
(DWORD)AfxGetAfxWndProc());
ASSERT(oldWndProc != (WNDPROC)AfxGetAfxWndProc());
if (*lplpfn == NULL)
*lplpfn = oldWndProc; // the first control of that type created
#ifdef _DEBUG
else if (*lplpfn != oldWndProc)
{
TRACE0("Error: Trying to use SubclassWindow with incorrect CWnd\n");
TRACE0("\tderived class.\n");
TRACE3("\thWnd = $%04X (nIDC=$%04X) is not a %hs.\n", (UINT)hWnd,
_AfxGetDlgCtrlID(hWnd), GetRuntimeClass()->m_lpszClassName);
ASSERT(FALSE);
// undo the subclassing if continuing after assert
::SetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_WNDPROC, (DWORD)oldWndProc);
}
#endif
return TRUE;
}
************************
void AFXAPI DDX_Text(CDataExchange* pDX, int nIDC, CString& value)
{
HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareEditCtrl(nIDC);
if (pDX->m_bSaveAndValidate)
{
int nLen = ::GetWindowTextLength(hWndCtrl);
::GetWindowText(hWndCtrl, value.GetBufferSetLength(nLen), nLen+1);
value.ReleaseBuffer();
}
else
{
AfxSetWindowText(hWndCtrl, value);
}
}
HWND CDataExchange::PrepareEditCtrl(int nIDC)
{
HWND hWndCtrl = PrepareCtrl(nIDC);
ASSERT(hWndCtrl != NULL);
m_bEditLastControl = TRUE;
return hWndCtrl;
}
_AFX_INLINE CString::operator LPCTSTR() const
{ return m_pchData; }
void AFXAPI AfxSetWindowText(HWND hWndCtrl, LPCTSTR lpszNew)
{
int nNewLen = lstrlen(lpszNew);
TCHAR szOld[256];
// fast check to see if text really changes (reduces flash in controls)
if (nNewLen > _countof(szOld) ||
::GetWindowText(hWndCtrl, szOld, _countof(szOld)) != nNewLen ||
lstrcmp(szOld, lpszNew) != 0)
{
// change it
::SetWindowText(hWndCtrl, lpszNew);
}
}原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/u011185633/article/details/44907393
