从MongoDB3.0版起，其安装包比以前更细化，有的朋友可能不太了解区别，简单说明一下:
Linux 64-bit legacy 这个版本即mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.1.tgz 不推荐在正式环境使用，这个版本特点是没有连接ssl相关的库，并且可能缺少针对操作系统的一些性能优化，但是可以测试用，安装简单。推荐按相应操作系统版本选择对应的安装包如centos6 rhel6选择RHEL 6 Linux 64-bit，即mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz这个安装包。

根据服务器的硬盘情况，其中/home为固态盘，/data为固态盘 /storage为机械盘

[root@mail ~]# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2       197G  1.6G  186G   1% /
tmpfs            63G     0   63G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1       380M   70M  290M  20% /boot
/dev/sdb1       733G  197M  696G   1% /data
/dev/sda5       410G  235M  389G   1% /home
/dev/sdc1       9.0T   40M  8.5T   1% /storage

安装openssl
#yum install -y openssl-devel openssl

# wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz
# tar xzvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz

# mkdir -p /home/local/
# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1 /home/local/mongodb
# mkdir -p /data/mongodb
# mkdir -p /data/logs/mongodb
# touch /data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log
# chmod -R 777 /data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log

设置ulimit -n和ulimit -u的值大于20000。如果ulimit的值设置过低的话，当MongoDB处于       频繁访问的状态下，将会产生错误，最终导致无法连接到MongoDB实例。
# ulimit -n 25000
# ulimit -u 25000

# cd /home/local/mongodb/bin/
# vi mongodb.conf
port=20000 #端口
dbpath= /data/mongodb #数据文件存放目录
logpath=/data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log #日志文件存放目录
logappend=true #使用追加的方式写日志
fork=true #以守护程序的方式启用，即在后台运行
maxConns=5000 #最大同时连接数 默认2000
bind_ip=127.0.0.1,172.16.20.126 #只允许通过局域网IP：172.16.20.126及本机访问
noauth=true #不启用验证
nohttpinterface=true
rest=false

设置防火墙，以便局域网内的其它服务器可以访问
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 20000 -j ACCEPT

/etc/init.d/iptables restart

 

如果没有numactl命令，使用yum安装
yum install -y numactl

在proc中关闭NUMA
# echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/zone_reclaim_mode  
# sysctl -w vm.zone_reclaim_mode=0


启动命令：
# numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --config /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf
或
# numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf

about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 25071
child process started successfully, parent exiting


正常停止方法:
# ps aux | grep mongod
# kill  -2 PID
或
# /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongo -port 20000
> use  admin  
> db.shutdownServer();

2015-03-19T00:43:27.760+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is ‘always‘.
2015-03-19T00:43:27.760+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to ‘never‘

不重启服务器的情况下解决办法,在Linux下执行：
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

服务器重启后立即生效办法：
# vi /etc/rc.local
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
   echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
   echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi


开机自动启动mongodb
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
rm -rf /data/mongodb/mongod.lock
numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf

说明：启动时必须加numactl --interleave=all

 

 

二、MongoDB 3.0安装配置faq

 

MongoDB 3.0版本安装介质
MongoDB 3.0版本安装包比以前更细化，有的朋友可能不太了解区别，简单说明一下:
Linux 64-bit legacy 这个版本即mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.0.tgz 不推荐在正式环境使用，这个版本特点是没有连接ssl相关的库，并且可能缺少针对操作系统的一些性能优化，但是可以测试用，安装简单。
推荐按相应操作系统版本选择对应的安装包如centos6 rhel6选择RHEL 6 Linux 64-bit，即mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0.tgz这个安装包。
有朋友反应安装不上，因为还需要安装相应的依赖库如OpenSSL 相关的库。
如下所示，就是缺少OpenSSL 相关的库

 ldd mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)
linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffffd961000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003d5b600000)
libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x0000003d62e00000)
libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x0000003d60e00000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x0000003d5be00000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003d5ae00000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00000039bc800000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003d5ba00000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x0000003d5ce00000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003d5b200000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003d5aa00000)
libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x0000003d61a00000)
libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x0000003d60a00000)
libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x0000003d5e200000)
libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x0000003d60600000)
libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x0000003d5c200000)
libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x0000003d61e00000)
libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x0000003d60200000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x0000003d5d600000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x0000003d5ca00000)

安装好后

[root[@ccj-sf](/user/ccj-sf) export]# ldd /export/mongodb/bin/mongod
linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff8f7ff000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f6e0d5a9000)
libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x00007f6e0d33d000)
libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x00007f6e0cf59000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007f6e0cd51000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f6e0cb4d000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c846000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c5c2000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f6e0c3ac000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c017000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f6e0d7cf000)
libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00007f6e0bdd3000)
libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x00007f6e0baed000)
libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x00007f6e0b8e8000)
libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00007f6e0b6bc000)
libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00007f6e0b4a6000)
libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00007f6e0b29a000)
libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x00007f6e0b097000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f6e0ae7d000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f6e0ac5d000)

配置文件
mmapv1引擎，配置文件与2.x版本完全相同。如：

# cat mongod.cnf 
dbpath=/export/data/mongodb30/mongod
logpath=/export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.log
pidfilepath=/export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.pid
directoryperdb=true
replSet=a3
logappend=true
keyFile=/export/data/mongodb30/key
port=20000
fork=true

wireTiger引擎配置增加相关参数即可，以副本集为例，如：

# cat mongod.cnf 
dbpath=/export/data/mongodb30/mongod
logpath=/export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.log
pidfilepath=/export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.pid
directoryperdb=true
replSet=a3
logappend=true
keyFile=/export/data/mongodb30/key
port=20000
fork=true
storageEngine=wiredTiger
wiredTigerCacheSizeGB=10
wiredTigerStatisticsLogDelaySecs=0
wiredTigerJournalCompressor=snappy
wiredTigerDirectoryForIndexes=true
wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor=snappy
wiredTigerIndexPrefixCompression=1

YAML 格式配置文件：
2.6版本就引入,以上面副本集为例：

$ cat mongodb.cnf 
systemLog:
 destination: file
 path: /export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.log
 logAppend: true
storage:
 journal:
  enabled: true
 dbPath: /export/data/mongodb30/mongod
 directoryPerDB: true
 engine: wiredTiger
 wiredTiger:
  engineConfig:
   cacheSizeGB: 10
   directoryForIndexes: true
  collectionConfig:
   blockCompressor: snappy
  indexConfig:
   prefixCompression: true
net:
 port: 20000
replication:
 replSetName: a3 
security:
 keyFile: /export/data/mongodb30/key
processManagement:
 pidFilePath: /export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.pid
 fork: true 
setParameter:
   enableLocalhostAuthBypass: false

单机去掉replication及keyfile设置即可，分片增加一些参数，如：
mongod增加

sharding:
 clusterRole: shardsvr

configer server

sharding:
 clusterRole: configsvr

参考：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/