参考：http://blog.csdn.net/dbaxiaosa/article/details/22421969
master配置：
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-time-zone = ‘+8:00‘
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1121
#binlog-do-db=mysql,maillog,mailmanage
#binlog-ignore-db=syslog,information_schema #忽略同步binlog
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
slave配置：
[mysqld]
datadir=/opt/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=184
replicate-ignore-db=syslog ##忽略master上关于syslog库的同步
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-time-zone = ‘+8:00‘
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
操作步骤：
1，master锁表
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; ### 锁表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000003
Position: 1068735 ##slave同步时使用
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2，master上mysqldump备份为sql文件
mysqldump -uroot -p -B maillog（库名） > /root/maillog.sql
3，master解锁
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
4，master授权
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to ‘账号‘@‘ip‘ identified by ‘密码‘;
5，scp备份的sql文件到slave主机
6，slave导入
]#mysql -uroot -p maillog < /root/maillog.sql
7，slave开启同步:
mysql>change master to master_host=‘masterIP‘,master_user=‘授权账号‘,master_password=‘授权密码‘,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000003‘,master_log_pos=1068735;
mysql>start slave；
mysql>show slave status\G ##重点查看以下绿色部分，双Yes
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168....
Master_User: mysync
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 903745163
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000030
Relay_Log_Pos: 903745308
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: syslog
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 903745163
Relay_Log_Space: 903745507
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
说明：
Slave_IO_Running――此进程负责从Slave从Master上读取binlog日志，并写入Slave上的中继日志。
Slave_SQL_Running――此进程负责读取并执行中继日志中的binlog日志。
这两个进程的状态需全部为YES，只要有一个为NO，则复制就会停止。
当Slave中Relay_Master_Log_File和Master_Log_File相同且Read_Master_Log_Pos和Exec_Master_Log_Pos完全相同时，则表明Slave和Master处于完全同步的状态。
8，验证
master创建一个空库，查看slave能否同步
分别在主从服务器show processlist查看连接，就可以看到授权用户的连接，可证明复制已经生效。
9，监控slave同步异常：
[root@localhost ~]# more /usr/local/bin/check_mysql_slave
#!/bin/sh
D=`date +%Y%m%d:%T`
declare -a slave_is
slave_is=($(mysql -uroot -p密码 -e "show slave status\G"|grep Running|awk ‘{print $2}‘))
if [ "${slave_is[0]}" = "Yes" -a "${slave_is[1]}" = "Yes" ];then
exit 0
else
mysql -uroot -p密码 -e "stop slave\G"
sleep 2
mysql -uroot -p密码 -e "start slave\G"
###发送短信邮件告警
echo “Slave has error” |mail -s "Subject" -a 附件 -r "发件人" 收件人,收件人
fi
本文出自 “红帽子” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://3404903.blog.51cto.com/3394903/1640186
原文地址：http://3404903.blog.51cto.com/3394903/1640186
