MongoDB 3.0（1）：CentOS7 安装MongoDB 3.0服务

时间：2015-05-01 10:46:25 阅读：201 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

本文原文连接: http://blog.csdn.net/freewebsys/article/details/45368809 转载请注明出处！

1，下载&安装

MongoDB 3.0 正式版本发布!这标志着 MongoDB 数据库进入了一个全新的发展阶段，提供强大、灵活而且易于管理的数据库管理系统。MongoDB宣称，3.0新版本不只提升7到10倍的写入效率以及增加80%的数据压缩率，还能减少95%的运维成本。
　　MongoDB 3.0主要新特性包括：
　　·可插入式的存储引擎 API
　　·支持 WiredTiger 存储引擎
　　·MMAPv1 提升
　　·复制集全面提升
　　·集群方面的改进
　　·提升了安全性
　　·工具的提升
WiredTiger 存储引擎是一项难以置信的技术实现，提供无门闩、非堵塞算法来利用先进的硬件平台(如大容量芯片缓存和线程化架构)来提升性能。通过 WiredTiger，MongoDB 3.0 实现了文档级别的并发控制，因此大幅提升了大并发下的写负载。

MongoDB 提供了centos yum安装方式。
参考：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-red-hat/
pdf 手册：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/MongoDB-manual.pdf

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-3.0.repo

[mongodb-org-3.0]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=http://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.0/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

安装mongodb

yum install -y mongodb-org

安装了所有相关服务。

......
Running transaction
  Installing : mongodb-org-shell-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64      1/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-tools-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64      2/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-mongos-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     3/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-server-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     4/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64            5/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64           1/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-server-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64    2/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-mongos-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64    3/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-tools-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     4/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-shell-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     5/5

配置文件在：/etc/mongod.conf
数据文件在：/var/lib/mongo
日志文件在：/var/log/mongodb
mongodb服务使用

#启动
service mongod start
#停止
service mongod stop
#重启
service mongod restart
#增加开机启动
chkconfig mongod on

2，MongoDB CRUD

参考：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/crud-introduction/

连接到MongoDB，很简单，执行mongo就可以了。

# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.2
connecting to: test
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
For interactive help, type "help".
For more comprehensive documentation, see
        http://docs.mongodb.org/
Questions? Try the support group
        http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user
Server has startup warnings: 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Readahead for /var/lib/mongo is set to 4096KB
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          We suggest setting it to 256KB (512 sectors) or less
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/readahead
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is ‘always‘.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to ‘never‘
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is ‘always‘.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to ‘never‘
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 4096 processes, 64000 files. Number of processes should be at least 32000 : 0.5 times number of files.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
>

2.1，创建数据：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/insert-documents/
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/db.collection.insert/

> db.users.insert(
... {
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:1,
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:1,
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({
        "nInserted" : 0,
        "writeError" : {
                "code" : 11000,
                "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error index: test.users.$_id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }"
        }
})
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:2,
... name:"li si",
... age:28,
... city:"shang hai"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

数据可以没有主键_id，如果没有，会自动生成一个。如果设置了_id主键，就必须不重复。
否则报主键冲突：“E11000 duplicate key error index: test.users.$_id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }”

2.2，更新数据：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/modify-documents/

> db.users.update(
... {_id:2},
... {
... $set: {
... city:"guang zhou"
... }
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.users.update(
... {_id:3},
... {
... $set: {
... city:"si chuan"
... }
... },
... { upsert: true }
... )
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 0, "_id" : 3 })

更新使用update，如果增加{ upsert: true }，则表示没有查询到数据直接插入。

2.3，删除：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/remove-documents/

> db.users.remove({_id:3})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.users.remove({_id:4})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 0 })

查询到数据才进行删除，并且返回删除数量。

2.4，查询：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/query-documents/

> db.users.find({age:{ $gt: 26}})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }
> db.users.find({age:{ $gt: 25}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5540adf29b0f52a6786de216"), "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }
#查询全部数据
> db.users.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5540adf29b0f52a6786de216"), "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }

3，MongoDB可视化工具

http://www.robomongo.org/
技术分享

使用可视化工具，方便使用MongoDB管理。
首先要修改下端口和ip
vi /etc/mongod.conf

port=27017

dbpath=/var/lib/mongo

# location of pidfile
pidfilepath=/var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid

# Listen to local interface only. Comment out to listen on all interfaces.
bind_ip=192.168.1.36