#!/bin/bash
echo "Hello World !"

#!/bin/bash
# Author : mozhiyan
# Copyright (c) http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/linux/
# Script follows here:
echo "What is your name?"
read PERSON
echo "Hello, $PERSON"

variableName="value"

myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/linux/"
myNum=100

your_name="mozhiyan"
echo $your_name
echo ${your_name}

for skill in Ada Coffe Action Java 
do
    echo "I am good at ${skill}Script"
done

myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/linux/"
echo ${myUrl}
myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/shell/"
echo ${myUrl}

#!/bin/bash
myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/shell/"
readonly myUrl
myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/danpianji/"

unset variable_name

#!/bin/sh
myUrl="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/u/xitong/"
unset myUrl
echo $myUrl

29949

3.1命令行参数

#!/bin/bash
echo "File Name: $0"
echo "First Parameter : $1"
echo "First Parameter : $2"
echo "Quoted Values: $@"
echo "Quoted Values: $*"
echo "Total Number of Parameters : $#"

$./test.sh Zara Ali
File Name : ./test.sh
First Parameter : Zara
Second Parameter : Ali
Quoted Values: Zara Ali
Quoted Values: Zara Ali
Total Number of Parameters : 2

3.2$* 和 $@ 的区别

#!/bin/bash
echo "\$*=" $*
echo "\"\$*\"=" "$*"
echo "\$@=" $@
echo "\"\$@\"=" "$@"
echo "print each param from \$*"
for var in $*
do
    echo "$var"
done
echo "print each param from \$@"
for var in $@
do
    echo "$var"
done
echo "print each param from \"\$*\""
for var in "$*"
do
    echo "$var"
done
echo "print each param from \"\$@\""
for var in "$@"
do
    echo "$var"
done

$*=  a b c d
"$*"= a b c d
$@=  a b c d
"$@"= a b c d
print each param from $*
a
b
c
d
print each param from $@
a
b
c
d
print each param from "$*"
a b c d
print each param from "$@"
a
b
c
d

3.3退出状态

$./test.sh Zara Ali
File Name : ./test.sh
First Parameter : Zara
Second Parameter : Ali
Quoted Values: Zara Ali
Quoted Values: Zara Ali
Total Number of Parameters : 2
$echo $?
0
$

4.Shell替换：Shell变量替换，命令替换，转义字符

#!/bin/bash
a=10
echo -e "Value of a is $a \n"

`command`

#!/bin/bash
DATE=`date`
echo "Date is $DATE"
USERS=`who | wc -l`
echo "Logged in user are $USERS"
UP=`date ; uptime`
echo "Uptime is $UP"

Variable is not set
1 - Value of var is
Variable is not set
2 - Value of var is Variable is not set
3 - Value of var is
This is default value
4 - Value of var is Prefix
Prefix
5 - Value of var is Prefix

5.Shell运算符：Shell算数运算符、关系运算符、布尔运算符、字符串运算符等

#!/bin/bash
val=`expr 2 + 2`
echo "Total value : $val"

Total value : 4

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
val=`expr $a + $b`
echo "a + b : $val"
val=`expr $a - $b`
echo "a - b : $val"
val=`expr $a \* $b`
echo "a * b : $val"
val=`expr $b / $a`
echo "b / a : $val"
val=`expr $b % $a`
echo "b % a : $val"
if [ $a == $b ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
fi
if [ $a != $b ]
then
   echo "a is not equal to b"
fi

a + b : 30
a - b : -10
a * b : 200
b / a : 2
b % a : 0
a is not equal to b

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a -eq $b ]
then
   echo "$a -eq $b : a is equal to b"
else
   echo "$a -eq $b: a is not equal to b"
fi
if [ $a -ne $b ]
then
   echo "$a -ne $b: a is not equal to b"
else
   echo "$a -ne $b : a is equal to b"
fi
if [ $a -gt $b ]
then
   echo "$a -gt $b: a is greater than b"
else
   echo "$a -gt $b: a is not greater than b"
fi
if [ $a -lt $b ]
then
   echo "$a -lt $b: a is less than b"
else
   echo "$a -lt $b: a is not less than b"
fi
if [ $a -ge $b ]
then
   echo "$a -ge $b: a is greater or  equal to b"
else
   echo "$a -ge $b: a is not greater or equal to b"
fi
if [ $a -le $b ]
then
   echo "$a -le $b: a is less or  equal to b"
else
   echo "$a -le $b: a is not less or equal to b"
fi

10 -eq 20: a is not equal to b
10 -ne 20: a is not equal to b
10 -gt 20: a is not greater than b
10 -lt 20: a is less than b
10 -ge 20: a is not greater or equal to b
10 -le 20: a is less or  equal to b

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a != $b ]
then
   echo "$a != $b : a is not equal to b"
else
   echo "$a != $b: a is equal to b"
fi
if [ $a -lt 100 -a $b -gt 15 ]
then
   echo "$a -lt 100 -a $b -gt 15 : returns true"
else
   echo "$a -lt 100 -a $b -gt 15 : returns false"
fi
if [ $a -lt 100 -o $b -gt 100 ]
then
   echo "$a -lt 100 -o $b -gt 100 : returns true"
else
   echo "$a -lt 100 -o $b -gt 100 : returns false"
fi
if [ $a -lt 5 -o $b -gt 100 ]
then
   echo "$a -lt 100 -o $b -gt 100 : returns true"
else
   echo "$a -lt 100 -o $b -gt 100 : returns false"
fi

10 != 20 : a is not equal to b
10 -lt 100 -a 20 -gt 15 : returns true
10 -lt 100 -o 20 -gt 100 : returns true
10 -lt 5 -o 20 -gt 100 : returns false

#!/bin/sh
a="abc"
b="efg"
if [ $a = $b ]
then
   echo "$a = $b : a is equal to b"
else
   echo "$a = $b: a is not equal to b"
fi
if [ $a != $b ]
then
   echo "$a != $b : a is not equal to b"
else
   echo "$a != $b: a is equal to b"
fi
if [ -z $a ]
then
   echo "-z $a : string length is zero"
else
   echo "-z $a : string length is not zero"
fi
if [ -n $a ]
then
   echo "-n $a : string length is not zero"
else
   echo "-n $a : string length is zero"
fi
if [ $a ]
then
   echo "$a : string is not empty"
else
   echo "$a : string is empty"
fi

abc = efg: a is not equal to b
abc != efg : a is not equal to b
-z abc : string length is not zero
-n abc : string length is not zero
abc : string is not empty

#!/bin/sh
file="/var/www/tutorialspoint/unix/test.sh"
if [ -r $file ]
then
   echo "File has read access"
else
   echo "File does not have read access"
fi
if [ -w $file ]
then
   echo "File has write permission"
else
   echo "File does not have write permission"
fi
if [ -x $file ]
then
   echo "File has execute permission"
else
   echo "File does not have execute permission"
fi
if [ -f $file ]
then
   echo "File is an ordinary file"
else
   echo "This is sepcial file"
fi
if [ -d $file ]
then
   echo "File is a directory"
else
   echo "This is not a directory"
fi
if [ -s $file ]
then
   echo "File size is zero"
else
   echo "File size is not zero"
fi
if [ -e $file ]
then
   echo "File exists"
else
   echo "File does not exist"
fi

File has read access
File has write permission
File has execute permission
File is an ordinary file
This is not a directory
File size is zero
File exists

#--------------------------------------------
# 这是一个自动打ipa的脚本，基于webfrogs的ipa-build书写：
# https://github.com/webfrogs/xcode_shell/blob/master/ipa-build
# 功能：自动为etao ios app打包，产出物为14个渠道的ipa包
# 特色：全自动打包，不需要输入任何参数
#--------------------------------------------
##### 用户配置区 开始 #####
#
#
# 项目根目录，推荐将此脚本放在项目的根目录，这里就不用改了
# 应用名，确保和Xcode里Product下的target_name.app名字一致
#
##### 用户配置区 结束  #####

str=‘this is a string‘

your_name=‘qinjx‘
str="Hello, I know your are \"$your_name\"! \n"

your_name="qinjx"
greeting="hello, "$your_name" !"
greeting_1="hello, ${your_name} !"
echo $greeting $greeting_1

string="abcd"
echo ${#string} #输出 4

string="alibaba is a great company"
echo ${string:1:4} #输出liba

string="alibaba is a great company"
echo `expr index "$string" is`

8.1定义数组

array_name=(value1 ... valuen)

array_name[0]=value0
array_name[1]=value1
array_name[2]=value2

8.2读取数组

${array_name[index]}

#!/bin/sh
NAME[0]="Zara"
NAME[1]="Qadir"
NAME[2]="Mahnaz"
NAME[3]="Ayan"
NAME[4]="Daisy"
echo "First Index: ${NAME[0]}"
echo "Second Index: ${NAME[1]}"

$./test.sh
First Index: Zara
Second Index: Qadir

#!/bin/sh
NAME[0]="Zara"
NAME[1]="Qadir"
NAME[2]="Mahnaz"
NAME[3]="Ayan"
NAME[4]="Daisy"
echo "First Method: ${NAME[*]}"
echo "Second Method: ${NAME[@]}"

$./test.sh
First Method: Zara Qadir Mahnaz Ayan Daisy
Second Method: Zara Qadir Mahnaz Ayan Daisy

8.3获取数组的长度

9.Shell echo命令

echo arg

9.1显示转义字符

echo "\"It is a test\""

"It is a test"

9.2显示变量

name="OK"
echo "$name It is a test"

OK It is a test

mouth=8
echo "${mouth}-1-2009"

8-1-2009

9.3显示换行

echo "OK!\n"
echo "It is a test"

OK!
It is a test

9.4显示不换行

echo "OK!\c"
echo "It is a test"

OK!It si a test

9.5显示结果重定向至文件

echo "It is a test" > myfile

9.6原样输出字符串

echo ‘$name\"‘

9.7显示命令执行结果

echo `date`

10.shell printf命令：格式化输出语句

$printf "Hello, Shell\n"
Hello, Shell
$

printf  format-string  [arguments...]

• printf 命令不用加括号
• format-string 可以没有引号，但最好加上，单引号双引号均可。
• 参数多于格式控制符(%)时，format-string 可以重用，可以将所有参数都转换。
• arguments 使用空格分隔，不用逗号。

11.Shell if else语句

• if ... fi 语句；
• if ... else ... fi 语句；
• if ... elif ... else ... fi 语句。

1) if ... else 语句

if [ expression ]
then
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression is true
fi

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a == $b ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
fi
if [ $a != $b ]
then
   echo "a is not equal to b"
fi

a is not equal to b

2) if ... else ... fi 语句

if [ expression ]
then
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression is true
else
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression is not true
fi

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a == $b ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
else
   echo "a is not equal to b"
fi

a is not equal to b

3) if ... elif ... fi 语句

if [ expression 1 ]
then
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression 1 is true
elif [ expression 2 ]
then
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression 2 is true
elif [ expression 3 ]
then
   Statement(s) to be executed if expression 3 is true
else
   Statement(s) to be executed if no expression is true
fi

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a == $b ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
elif [ $a -gt $b ]
then
   echo "a is greater than b"
elif [ $a -lt $b ]
then
   echo "a is less than b"
else
   echo "None of the condition met"
fi

a is less than b

num1=$[2*3]
num2=$[1+5]
if test $[num1] -eq $[num2]
then
    echo ‘The two numbers are equal!‘
else
    echo ‘The two numbers are not equal!‘
fi

The two numbers are equal!

12.Shell case esac语句

case 值 in
模式1)
    command1
    command2
    command3
    ;;
模式2）
    command1
    command2
    command3
    ;;
*)
    command1
    command2
    command3
    ;;
esac

echo ‘Input a number between 1 to 4‘
echo ‘Your number is:\c‘
read aNum
case $aNum in
    1)  echo ‘You select 1‘
    ;;
    2)  echo ‘You select 2‘
    ;;
    3)  echo ‘You select 3‘
    ;;
    4)  echo ‘You select 4‘
    ;;
    *)  echo ‘You do not select a number between 1 to 4‘
    ;;
esac

Input a number between 1 to 4
Your number is:3
You select 3

1. $./test.sh
   test.sh: usage: [ -f filename ] | [ -d directory ]
   $ ./test.sh -f index.htm
   $ vi test.sh
   $ ./test.sh -f index.htm
   File name is index.htm
   $ ./test.sh -d unix
   Dir name is unix
   $

   
   

13.Shell for循环

for loop in 1 2 3 4 5
do
    echo "The value is: $loop"
done

The value is: 1
The value is: 2
The value is: 3
The value is: 4
The value is: 5

for str in ‘This is a string‘
do
    echo $str
done

#!/bin/bash
for FILE in $HOME/.bash*
do
   echo $FILE
done

COUNTER=0
while [ $COUNTER -lt 5 ]
do
    COUNTER=‘expr $COUNTER+1‘
    echo $COUNTER
done

echo ‘type <CTRL-D> to terminate‘
echo -n ‘enter your most liked film: ‘
while read FILM
do
    echo "Yeah! great film the $FILM"
done

#!/bin/bash
a=0
until [ ! $a -lt 10 ]
do
   echo $a
   a=`expr $a + 1`
done

#!/bin/bash
while :
do
    echo -n "Input a number between 1 to 5: "
    read aNum
    case $aNum in
        1|2|3|4|5) echo "Your number is $aNum!"
        ;;
        *) echo "You do not select a number between 1 to 5, game is over!"
            break
        ;;
    esac
done

break n

#!/bin/bash
for var1 in 1 2 3
do
   for var2 in 0 5
   do
      if [ $var1 -eq 2 -a $var2 -eq 0 ]
      then
         break 2
      else
         echo "$var1 $var2"
      fi
   done
done

#!/bin/bash
while :
do
    echo -n "Input a number between 1 to 5: "
    read aNum
    case $aNum in
        1|2|3|4|5) echo "Your number is $aNum!"
        ;;
        *) echo "You do not select a number between 1 to 5!"
            continue
            echo "Game is over!"
        ;;
    esac
done

echo "Game is over!"

#!/bin/bash
NUMS="1 2 3 4 5 6 7"
for NUM in $NUMS
do
   Q=`expr $NUM % 2`
   if [ $Q -eq 0 ]
   then
      echo "Number is an even number!!"
      continue
   fi
   echo "Found odd number"
done

#!/bin/bash
# Define your function here
Hello () {
   echo "Url is http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/shell/"
}
# Invoke your function
Hello

#!/bin/bash
funWithReturn(){
    echo "The function is to get the sum of two numbers..."
    echo -n "Input first number: "
    read aNum
    echo -n "Input another number: "
    read anotherNum
    echo "The two numbers are $aNum and $anotherNum !"
    return $(($aNum+$anotherNum))
}
funWithReturn
# Capture value returnd by last command
ret=$?
echo "The sum of two numbers is $ret !"

#!/bin/bash
# Calling one function from another
number_one () {
   echo "Url_1 is http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/shell/"
   number_two
}
number_two () {
   echo "Url_2 is http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/u/xitong/"
}
number_one

$unset .f function_name

#!/bin/bash
funWithParam(){
    echo "The value of the first parameter is $1 !"
    echo "The value of the second parameter is $2 !"
    echo "The value of the tenth parameter is $10 !"
    echo "The value of the tenth parameter is ${10} !"
    echo "The value of the eleventh parameter is ${11} !"
    echo "The amount of the parameters is $# !"  # 参数个数
    echo "The string of the parameters is $* !"  # 传递给函数的所有参数
}
funWithParam 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 34 73

$ command > file

$ who > users

$command 2 > file

$command 2 >> file

$command > file 2>&1

$command >> file 2>&1

$command < file1 >file2

command << delimiter
    document
delimiter

#!/bin/bash
cat << EOF
This is a simple lookup program
for good (and bad) restaurants
in Cape Town.
EOF

#!/bin/sh
filename=test.txt
vi $filename <<EndOfCommands
i
This file was created automatically from
a shell script
^[
ZZ
EndOfCommands

$ command > /dev/null

$ command > /dev/null 2>&1

20.Shell文件包含

. filename

source filename

url="http://see.xidian.edu.cn/cpp/view/2738.html"

#!/bin/bash
. ./subscript.sh
echo $url