标签：
一：OSI模型
Open System Interconnection 开放系统互联
二：TCP/IP分层模型
TCP代表传输控制协议：Transfer Control Protocol 允许两个程序之前进行可靠的通讯
UDP代表用户报文协议：User Datagram Protocol 允许两个程序之前进行不可靠的通讯
三 客户端 和 服务器
四：套接字
定义：Socket(套接字)是一种抽象层，应用程序通过它来发送和接收数据
五：InetAddress类代表IP地址，没有构造器但是有多个方法，查询API文档。
六：TCP套接字编程
服务器：
如：ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8000);
如：Socket socket = server.accept()
如：BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
如： br.close();
pw.close();
socket.close();
1 package inetAddress;
2
3 /**
4 * 服务器
5 */
6 import java.io.BufferedReader;
7 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
8 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
9 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
10 import java.net.ServerSocket;
11 import java.net.Socket;
12
13 public class ServerTest {
14
15 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
16 // 1创建ServerSocket对象指定端口号
17 ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(30001);
18 server.setSoTimeout(10000);
19 // 2等待客户连接 accept 返回类型Socket
20 Socket socket = server.accept();
21 // 3从客户端读数据 socket.getInputStream()
22 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
23 socket.getInputStream()));
24 char[] ch = new char[100];
25 int len = reader.read(ch);
26 System.out.println("从客户端接收到的消息：");
27 System.out.println(new String(ch, 0, len));
28 // 3向客户端写数据 socket.getOutputStream()
29 BufferedWriter write = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
30 socket.getOutputStream()));
31 write.write("我们已经接收到消息了");
32 write.flush();
33 // 4 释放资源
34 reader.close();
35 socket.close();
36 write.close();
37
38 }
39
40 }
客户端：
如：Socket socket = new Socket (“127.0.0.1”, 8000);
如：BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader( socket.getInputStream()));
如： br.close();
pw.close();
socket.close();
1 package inetAddress;
2
3 /**
4 * 客户端
5 */
6 import java.io.BufferedReader;
7 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
8 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
9 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
10 import java.net.Socket;
11
12 public class Cliebt {
13
14 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
15 // 1 创建Socket对象 主机 端口
16 Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 30001);
17 // 2向服务器写入数据 .getOutputStream()
18 BufferedWriter write = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
19 socket.getOutputStream()));
20 write.write("你好服务器");
21 write.flush();
22 // 2读出数据 .getInputStream()
23 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
24 socket.getInputStream()));
25 char[] ch = new char[100];
26 int len = reader.read(ch);
27 System.out.println("数据");
28 System.out.println(new String(ch, 0, len));
29 // 3 释放资源
30 reader.close();
31 write.close();
32 socket.close();
33 }
34
35 }
七：UDP套接字编程
1 package chap18UDP;
2
3 import java.io.IOException;
4 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
5 import java.net.DatagramSocket;
6
7 /**
8 * 发送
9 *
10 * @author acer
11 *
12 */
13 public class Sender {
14
15 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
16 // * 1创建DatagramSocket对象
17 DatagramSocket scoket = new DatagramSocket(3000);
18 // *2 创建DatagramPacket对象
19 byte[] buffer = "你好".getBytes();
20 int port = 30001;
21 DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length,
22 scoket.getInetAddress().getLocalHost(), port);
23 // 3 使用send
24 scoket.send(packet);
25 System.out.println("正在发送消息");
26 // 释放资源
27 scoket.close();
28
29 }
30
31 }
1 package chap18UDP;
2
3 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
4 import java.net.DatagramSocket;
5
6 /**
7 * 接收
8 *
9 * @author acer
10 *
11 */
12 public class Reciver {
13
14 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
15 // 创建字节数组
16 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
17 // 2 创建DatagramPacket对象
18 DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
19 // 3 创建DatagramSocket对象
20 DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(30001);
21 // 4 使用receive方法
22 socket.receive(packet);
23 System.out.println("正在接收从" + packet.getSocketAddress() + "的信息");
24 System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));
25 // 释放资源
26 socket.close();
27
28 }
29
30 }
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/ki5s/p/4474988.html
