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iOS开发学习之触摸事件和手势识别(转

时间:2015-05-05 16:38:42      阅读:230      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:ios   ios开发   手势识别   手势触摸   

iOS的输入事件
触摸事件
手势识别
手机摇晃
一、iOS的输入事件
 
触摸事件(滑动、点击)
运动事件(摇一摇、手机倾斜、行走),不需要人为参与的
远程控制事件(耳机控制手机声音)
1??iOS事件对象都是UIEvent类的实例
UIEvent类对事件类型定义了enum常量:
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIEventType){
     UIEventTypeTouches,
     UIEventTypeMotion,
     UIEventRemoteControl,
};
触摸事件必须是继承UIResponser的
二、触摸事件
1??UIView,有4种处理不同的触摸事件
UIView是UIResponder的子类,可以覆盖下列4个方法处理不同的触摸事件。
1. 一根或者多根手指开始触摸屏幕
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
2.一根或者多根手指在屏幕上移动(随着手指的移动,会持续调用该方法)
- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
3.一根或者多根手指离开屏幕
- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
4.触摸结束前,某个系统事件(例如电话呼入)会打断触摸过程
- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
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#pragma mark - UITouch事件
#pragma mark 触摸开始
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"触摸开始");
    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {
        NSLog(@"%@", touch);
    }
}
 
#pragma mark 触摸移动
- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"触摸移动Touch对象个数:%d",[touches count]);
    // 要移动界面上黄颜色的视图
    
    // 1. 得到当前手指的位置
    UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
    CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self.view];
    // 2. 得到上一次手指的位置
    CGPoint preLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:self.view];
    // 3. 计算两个位置之间的偏移
    CGPoint offset = CGPointMake(location.x - preLocation.x, location.y - preLocation.y);
    // 4. 使用计算出来的偏移量,调整视图的位置
    [_demoView setCenter:CGPointMake(_demoView.center.x + offset.x, _demoView.center.y + offset.y)];
    
    // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法
    NSLog(@"触摸移动");
    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {
        NSLog(@"%@", touch);
    }
}
 
#pragma mark 触摸结束
- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法
    NSLog(@"触摸完成");
    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {
        NSLog(@"%@", touch);
    }
}
 
#pragma mark 触摸中断
- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法
    NSLog(@"触摸中断");
    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {
        NSLog(@"%@", touch);
    }
}
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2??触摸事件的处理
如果hit-test视图无法处理事件,则通过响应者链向上传递
1.如果hit-test视图的控制器存在,就传递给控制器;如果控制器不存在,则将其传递给它的父视图
2.如果视图或它的控制器无法处理收到的事件或消息,则将其传递给该视图的父视图
3.每一个在视图继承树中的上层视图如果不能处理收到的事件或消息,则重复上面的步骤1,2
4.在视图继承树的最上层视图,如果也不能处理收到的事件或消息,则其将事件或消息传递给窗口对象进行处理
5. 如果窗口对象也不能进行处理,则其将事件或消息传递给UIApplication对象
6.如果UIApplication也不能处理该事件或消息,则将其丢弃
当用户点击屏幕时,会产生一个UITouch对象传递给UIApplication,然后由window负责查找最适合相应触摸事件的视图对象(hitTest,pointInside)
找到合适的视图之后,Touch方法由对应的视图完成,上级视图不再接管
3??不接受处理事件的三种方法
不接收用户交互:userInteractionEnabled = NO;
隐藏:hidden = YES;
透明:alpha = 0~0.01
三、手势识别
1??iOS目前支持的手势识别(6种)
UITapGestureRecognizer(点按)
UIPinchGestureRecognizer(捏合)
UIPanGestureRecognizer(拖动)
UISwipeGestureRecognizer(轻扫)
UIRotationGestureRecognizer(旋转)
UILongPressGestureRecognizer(长按)
2??手势识别的使用方法(4步)
通常在视图加载的时候定义(UIGestureRecognizer是抽象类,需要实例化使用)
创建手势识别实例
设置手势识别属性,例如手指数量,方向等
将手势识别附加到指定的视图之上
编写手势触发响应方法
3??手势识别的状态(7个)
   1.  // 没有触摸事件发生,所有手势识别的默认状态
    UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible,
    // 一个手势已经开始但尚未改变或者完成时
    UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan,
    // 手势状态改变
    UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged,
    // 手势完成
    UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded,
    // 手势取消,恢复至Possible状态
    UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled, 
    // 手势失败,恢复至Possible状态
    UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed,
    // 识别到手势识别
    UIGestureRecognizerStateRecognized =UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded 
  2.手势识别的属性
state——手势状态
view——手势发生视图
常用方法
locationInView 获得手势发生对应视图所在位置
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- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
   
    // 根据实例化方法,我们知道:
    // 1.有一个处理消息的对象,应该是self
    // 2.我们需要定义一个方法,当手势识别检测到的时候,运行
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];
    // setNumberOfTapsRequired 点按次数
    [tap setNumberOfTapsRequired:1];
    // setNumberOfTouchesRequired 点按的手指数量
    [tap setNumberOfTouchesRequired:1];
    // 把手势识别增加到视图上
    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:tap];
    
   
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchAction:)];
    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pinch];
    
   
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationAction:)];
    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:rotation];
    
   
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)];
    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pan];
    
   
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressAction:)];
    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];
    
   
    // 向左扫
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeLeft = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];
    [swipeLeft setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft];
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeLeft];
    // 向右扫
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeRight = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];
    [swipeRight setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight];
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeRight];
    // 向上扫
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeTop = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];
    [swipeTop setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp];
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeTop];
    // 向下扫
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeDown = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];
    [swipeDown setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown];
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeDown];
}
 
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
 
#pragma mark - 轻扫手势
- (void)swipeAction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    NSLog(@"%d", sender.direction);
    switch (sender.direction) {
        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft:
            NSLog(@"向左扫");
            break;
        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight:
            NSLog(@"向右扫");
            break;
        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp:
            NSLog(@"向上扫");
            break;
        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown:
            NSLog(@"向下扫");
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}
 
#pragma mark - 长按手势
- (void)longPressAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    // 我们可以利用demoView的Tag属性,默认时tag=0
    // 如果tag=0,我们放大一倍,否则,我们缩小一半
    CGFloat scale;
    if (_demoView.tag == 0) {
        scale = 2.0;
        _demoView.tag = 1;
    } else {
        scale = 0.5;
        _demoView.tag = 0;
    }
    
    sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, scale, scale);
}
 
#pragma mark - 拖放手势
- (void)panAction:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    // 在拖放手势中是需要考虑手指的状态的UIGestureRecognizerState
    // 在拖放手势中使用的状态是UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged
    // 通常在使用拖放手势的时候,当手指离开的时候,应该做一个很小的动作,提醒用户拖放完成
    if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        // locationInView
        [_demoView setCenter:[sender locationInView:self.view]];
    } else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {
        [_demoView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]];
    }
}
 
#pragma mark - 旋转手势
- (void)rotationAction:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(sender.view.transform, sender.rotation);
    
    // 和捏合操作类似,旋转角度同样需要方福伟
    sender.rotation = 0.0f;
}
 
#pragma mark - 捏合手势
- (void)pinchAction:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
    // 有关转换的内容,我们在后续动画部分再继续
    sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, sender.scale, sender.scale);
    
    // 缩放功能很简单,但是不要忘记将比例复位
    sender.scale = 1.0f;
    NSLog(@"捏我了");
}
 
#pragma mark - 点按手势
- (void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
   
    NSLog(@"点我了 %@", sender);
}
 
#pragma mark - 手势触摸事件
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog(@"触摸事件!");
    // 1. 先取出UITouch对象
    // 2. 判断响应点击的UIView是不是我们需要的
    UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
    if ([touch view] == _imageView) {
        NSLog(@"点到图像了!");
    }
}
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四、手机摇晃
1. 新建摇晃监听视图ShakeListenerView,并且设置canBecomeFirstResponder返回YES
- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder
{
    return YES;
}
2. 在Storyboard中将ViewController的View的Class设置为:ShakeListenerView
3. 在ViewController.m文件中增加:viewDidAppear和viewDidDisappear在视图出现和消失时成为/撤销第一响应者身份
4. 在视图控制器中增加手势监听方法:
- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    if (event.subtype == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) {
        NSLog(@"shake phone");
    }
}
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#pragma mark - 要让ViewController支持摇晃,需要写三个方法
// 1. 成为第一响应者,视图一出现时,就应该成为第一响应者
- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [self.view becomeFirstResponder];
    // 不要忘记去实现父类方法
    [super viewDidAppear:animated];
}
 
// 2. 注销第一响应者,视图要关闭的时候,注销
- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [self.view resignFirstResponder];
    // 不要忘记去实现父类方法
    [super viewDidDisappear:animated];
}
 
// 3. 监听并处理移动事件,判断是否摇晃了手机
- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    if (motion == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) {
        NSLog(@"摇啊摇,摇到外婆桥!!!");
    }
}

iOS开发学习之触摸事件和手势识别(转

标签:ios   ios开发   手势识别   手势触摸   

原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/yangchen9931/article/details/45502577

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