Android--AIDL学习

package com.aidl;
 
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
 
public class Person implements Parcelable {
    // 自定义的类型具体包含的数据，本例为age和name。
    private intage = 0;
    private String name = null;
 
    // 这个构造函数，是方便我们在client中创新相关对象，并将之作为接口连接中调用方法的的参数
    public Person()
    {     
    }
   
    /*提供构造函数，用于从Parcel中创建对象，也即是读的过程。这里设置为private，禁止外部调用 */
    private Person(Parcel in)
    {
        readFromParcel(in);
    }
       
    @Override
    publicint describeContents()
    {
        return 0;
    }
 
    /*
     * 【2】要实现Parcelable接口，需要实现writeToParcel()和readFromParcel()，实现将对象（数据）写入Parcel，
     * 和从Parcel中读出对象
     * 。需要注意，写的顺序和读的顺序必须一致，因为Parcel类是快速serialization和deserialization机制
     * ，和bundle不同，没有索引机制，是线性的数据存贮和读取。
     * 注意其中readFromParcel()并不是overrider，而是我们自己提供的方法，如果我们不提供，就要在 private
     * Person(Parcel in){ age = in.readInt(); name = in.readString(); }
     * 鉴于实际的数据类型会比小例子复杂，以及便于代码阅读，我们仿照writeToParcel()的命名，给出readFromParcel()
     */
    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flag)
    {
        out.writeInt(age); // 先写入age
        out.writeString(name); // 其次写如name
    }
 
    public void readFromParcel(Parcel in)
    {
        age = in.readInt(); // 先读出age，保持与写同顺序
        name = in.readString(); // 其次读出name，保持与写同顺序
    }
 
    /*
     * 实现Parcelable接口的类必须要有一个static
     * field称为CREATOR，用于实现Parcelable.Creator接口的对象
     * 。在AIDL文件自动生成的Java接口中，IBinder将调用Parcelable.Creator来获得传递对象：_arg1 =
     * cn.wei.flowingflying
     * .proandroidservice.Person.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
     */
    public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator<Person>() {
        @Override
        public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
            return new Person(source);
        }
       
        @Override
        public Person[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Person[size];
        }
    };
 
 
    /* 一系列getter,setter方法 */
    publicint getAge()
    {
        returnage;
    }
 
    public String getName()
    {
        returnname;
    }
 
    publicvoid setAge(intage)
    {
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    publicvoid setName(String name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    } 
}

package com.aidl;
import com.aidl.Person;
interface IMyService
{
    Map getPersonAll(in String tag, in Person person);
    Person getPerson();
}
类似于定义interface，可以再次提供相应的属性和方法。方法也可以接受零到多个参数。参数需要使用（in,out,inout）来修饰。

3、建立aidl文件后，Eclipse会自动生成com.aidl.IMyService.java文件：
/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 * Original file: F:\\Android Workspace\\AIDLServer\\src\\com\\aidl\\IMyService.aidl
 */
package com.aidl;
 
public interface IMyService extends android.os.IInterface {
    /** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
    public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements
            com.aidl.IMyService {
        private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.aidl.IMyService";
 
        /** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
        public Stub() {
            this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
        }
 
        /**
         * Cast an IBinder object into an com.aidl.IMyService interface,
         * generating a proxy if needed.
         */
        public static com.aidl.IMyService asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {
            if ((obj == null)) {
                return null;
            }
            android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
            if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof com.aidl.IMyService))) {
                return ((com.aidl.IMyService) iin);
            }
            return new com.aidl.IMyService.Stub.Proxy(obj);
        }
 
        @Override
        public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
            return this;
        }
 
        @Override
        public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data,
                android.os.Parcel reply, int flags)
                throws android.os.RemoteException {
            switch (code) {
            case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {
                reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);
                return true;
            }
            case TRANSACTION_getPersonAll: {
                data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
                java.lang.String _arg0;
                _arg0 = data.readString();
                com.aidl.Person _arg1;
                if ((0 != data.readInt())) {
                    _arg1 = com.aidl.Person.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
                } else {
                    _arg1 = null;
                }
                java.util.Map _result = this.getPersonAll(_arg0, _arg1);
                reply.writeNoException();
                reply.writeMap(_result);
                return true;
            }
            case TRANSACTION_getPerson: {
                data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
                com.aidl.Person _result = this.getPerson();
                reply.writeNoException();
                if ((_result != null)) {
                    reply.writeInt(1);
                    _result.writeToParcel(reply,
                            android.os.Parcelable.PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE);
                } else {
                    reply.writeInt(0);
                }
                return true;
            }
            }
            return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
        }
 
        private static class Proxy implements com.aidl.IMyService {
            private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
 
            Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {
                mRemote = remote;
            }
 
            @Override
            public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
                return mRemote;
            }
 
            public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {
                return DESCRIPTOR;
            }
 
            @Override
            public java.util.Map getPersonAll(java.lang.String tag,
                    com.aidl.Person person) throws android.os.RemoteException {
                android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                java.util.Map _result;
                try {
                    _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
                    _data.writeString(tag);
                    if ((person != null)) {
                        _data.writeInt(1);
                        person.writeToParcel(_data, 0);
                    } else {
                        _data.writeInt(0);
                    }
                    mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getPersonAll, _data,
                            _reply, 0);
                    _reply.readException();
                    java.lang.ClassLoader cl = (java.lang.ClassLoader) this
                            .getClass().getClassLoader();
                    _result = _reply.readHashMap(cl);
                } finally {
                    _reply.recycle();
                    _data.recycle();
                }
                return _result;
            }
 
            @Override
            public com.aidl.Person getPerson()
                    throws android.os.RemoteException {
                android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
                com.aidl.Person _result;
                try {
                    _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
                    mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getPerson, _data, _reply,
                            0);
                    _reply.readException();
                    if ((0 != _reply.readInt())) {
                        _result = com.aidl.Person.CREATOR
                                .createFromParcel(_reply);
                    } else {
                        _result = null;
                    }
                } finally {
                    _reply.recycle();
                    _data.recycle();
                }
                return _result;
            }
        }
 
        static final intTRANSACTION_getPersonAll = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
        static final intTRANSACTION_getPerson = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1);
    }
 
    public java.util.Map getPersonAll(java.lang.String tag,
            com.aidl.Person person) throws android.os.RemoteException;
 
    public com.aidl.Person getPerson() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}

 注意源码中实现了stub类：抽象类，继承了Binder

public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.aidl.IMyService

4、接下来实现服务器端的service:

package com.aidl;

public class MyService extends Service{
    /*Service扩展Stub并实现要求的功能,相当于implements生成的IMyService.java*/
    public class MyServiceImpl extends IMyService.Stub
    {
        @Override
        public Map getPersonAll(String tag, Person person) throws RemoteException {
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("tag", tag);
            map.put("name", person.getName());
            map.put("age", String.valueOf(person.getAge()));
            map.put("person", person.toString());
            return map;
        }
 
        @Override
        public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {
            return new Person();
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return new MyServiceImpl();
    }
 
}

在mainfest文件中注册service:

	<service
            android:name="com.aidl.MyService"
            android:process=":remote">
               <intent-filter>
             <!-- 指定客户端调用AIDL服务所需要的Action -->  
             <actionandroid:name="com.aidl.action.IMyService"/>
             <categoryandroid:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> 
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

5、在客户端的Activity中绑定使用Service

package com.example.aidlclient;

import com.aidl.IMyService;
import com.aidl.Person;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private Button mybu;
   
    private final static String ACTION_TAG = "com.aidl.action.IMyService";
    //MyService可以当做普通的Service形式进行调用
    private IMyService iMyService;
   
    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            //获得service的实例
            iMyService = IMyService.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }
        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            iMyService = null;
        }
    };
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mybu = (Button) findViewById(R.id.mybu);
        //绑定Service
        bindService(new Intent(ACTION_TAG), serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
       
        mybu.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {              
                try {
                    doWithService();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                }
            }
        });
    }
   
    /*******操作Service提供的服务
     * @throws RemoteException ************/
    private void doWithService() throws RemoteException
    {
        Person person = iMyService.getPerson();
        person.setAge(10);
        person.setName("Mary");
        Log.i("doWithService", "getName      :" + person.getName());
        Log.i("doWithService", "getAge       :" + String.valueOf(person.getAge()));
        Log.i("doWithService", "getPersonAll :" + iMyService.getPersonAll("Map", person));
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        intid = item.getItemId();
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}