apache hadoop-2.6.0-CDH5.4.1 安装

1.安装Oracle Java 8

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

sudo vi /etc/profile

#set java environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java8-installer
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

验证java环境是否配好
java -version

2.实验机器角色分配

配置Master
修改 /etc/hostname 内容为Master （Slave1为Slave1…）

/etc/hosts 添加内容行

10.5.0.196      Master 
10.5.0.231      Slave1
10.5.0.232      Slave2
10.5.0.233      Slave3

3.建立hadoop用户

useradd hadoop
passwd hadoop
设置管理员权限
vi /etc/sudoers

`#` User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
hadoop  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

4. Master上配置SSH免密码登录

sudo apt-get install openssh-server
sudo su hadoop
cd /home/hadoop
ssh-keygen -t rsa(一路回车 生成密钥)
cd .ssh
cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
或者 cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys

将公钥拷到Slave上
ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@Slave1
#或者 scp authorized_keys hadoop@Slave1:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

5.下载、安装hadoop-cdh

wget http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/cloudera/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1
sudo chown hadoop:hadoop -R /usr/local/cloudera
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/cloudera/hadoop_tmp/hdfs/namenode
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/cloudera/hadoop_tmp/hdfs/datanode
sudo chown hadoop:hadoop -R /usr/local/hadoop_tmp

配置 ~/.bashrc
sudo vi $HOME/.bashrc

添加下列内容到文件尾部

`#`HADOOP VARIABLES START
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java8-installer
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/cloudera/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native"
`#`HADOOP VARIABLES END

source ~/.bashrc

cd $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop

sudo vi hadoop-env.sh
修改JAVA_HOME的值
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java8-installer

sudo vi slaves
Slave1
Slave2
Slave3

sudo vi masters
Master

6.配置.XML文件

core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、yarn-site.xml、mapred-site.xml

1. core-site.xml

<configuration>
<!-- file system properties -->
<property>
        <name>fs.default.name</name>
        <value>hdfs://Master:9000</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
        <value>131072</value>
</property>
</configuration>

2. hdfs-site.xml

/hdfs/namenode、/hdfs/datanode 目录需要自己新建

<configuration>
<property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/cloudera/hadoop_tmp/hdfs/namenode</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>dfs.datanoe.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/cloudera/hadoop_tmp/hdfs/datanode</value>
</property>
</configuration>

3. yarn-site.xml

<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
<configuration>
<property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>Master</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>Master:8025</value>
</property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>Master:8035</value>
</property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>Master:8050</value>
</property>
</configuration>

4. mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.job.tracker</name>
        <value>Master:5431</value>
</property>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>

基本项配置完毕

7.同步hadoop配置文件到其他的Slave节点

sudo apt-get install rsync
sudo rsync -avxP /usr/local/cloudera/ hadoop@Slave1:/usr/local/cloudera/
sudo rsync -avxP /usr/local/cloudera/ hadoop@Slave2:/usr/local/cloudera/
sudo rsync -avxP /usr/local/cloudera/ hadoop@Slave3:/usr/local/cloudera/

8.Hadoop 启动和验证

1. 格式化分布式文件系统

hadoop namenode -format
最后显示如下内容表示成功

15/05/15 22:48:01 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0
15/05/15 22:48:01 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at Master/10.5.0.196
************************************************************/

2. 启动HDFS

./sbin/start-dfs.sh

3. 启动YARN

./sbin/start-yarn.sh

4. 通过WebUI查看Hadoop状态

访问http://Master:50070

9.安装过程存在的问题

因为 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1/lib/native 的静态库文件不存在

发现过程

运行hadoop命令的时候会出现如下警告信息

15/05/17 10:46:49 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable  

开启调试模式
export HADOOP_ROOT_LOGGER=DEBUG,console
在执行hadoop命令的时候出现如下信息

15/05/17 16:46:48 DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader: Trying to load the custom-built native-hadoop library...
15/05/17 16:46:48 DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader: Failed to load native-hadoop with error: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no hadoop in java.library.path
15/05/17 16:46:48 DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader: java.library.path=/usr/local/cloudera/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1/lib/native
15/05/17 16:46:48 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
15/05/17 16:46:48 DEBUG util.PerformanceAdvisory: Falling back to shell based

cd /usr/local/cloudera/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1/lib/native
发现hadoop的本地库文件不存在

两种解决办法

1. 下载hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1-src.tar.gz源码 本地编译 （maven编译，详见里面的BUIDING文件，这个过程是很漫长的，我的机器是64bit）
2. 下载apache-hadoop-2.6.0-src.tar.gz，里面有lib/native本地库文件，复制过去就可以了

10. Hadoop 集群测试

运行$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1.jar 这个架包里的WordCount程序，作用是统计单词的个数。

1. 随便找一些文本文件

mkdir file
cp *.txt /file #将找到的txt文件都复制到input目录

2. 在HDFS系统里创建一个input文件夹

hadoop fs -mkdir /input

3. 把file目录下的txt文件上传到HDFS系统的input文件夹下

hadoop fs -put ./file/*.txt /input/

4. 查看文件是否上传成功

hadoop fs -ls /input/

5. 运行hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1.jar架包中wordcount程序

hadoop jar $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.4.1.jar wordcount /input/ /output/

6. 查看运行结果

hadoop fs -ls /output

-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup          0 2015-05-17 12:27 /output/wordcount/_SUCCESS
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup       9190 2015-05-17 12:27 /output/wordcount/part-r-00000

hadoop fs -cat /output/part-r-00000

11. 参考文章

• How to install Apache Hadoop 2.6.0 in Ubuntu (Single node setup)
• How to install Apache Hadoop 2.6.0 in Ubuntu (Multi node/Cluster setup)