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测试环境
主机系统：Win7 64位
虚拟机：VMware® Workstation 11.1.0
虚拟机系统：CentOS 6.5 64位 Kernel 2.6.32-431.e16.x86_64
MySQL: 5.6.24
[root@localhost ~]# uname –a 注：查看Linux版本信息，我这里是64位Linux系统
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
不清楚的可以参考文章 Linux 下安装JDK并测试开发"Hello World！"
[root@localhost MySQL]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
加压缩后这里有好几个rpm包,我们只要安装如下两个包即可
MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
解压缩后的安装包只有读写的权限，需要将其更改为可读可写可执行
[root@localhost MySQL]# ll
total 622244
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 316661760 May 26 02:11 MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 23066213 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 3848304 May 26 02:11 mysql-connector-java-5.1.35.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 4571173 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-devel-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 117570910 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-embedded-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 88668065 Mar 26 03:58 MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 2410130 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-shared-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 5180642 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 wheel 75180190 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-test-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Linux]# chmod 744 -R MySQL
[root@localhost Linux]# cd MySQL/
[root@localhost MySQL]# ll
total 622244
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 316661760 May 26 02:11 MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 23066213 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 3848304 May 26 02:11 mysql-connector-java-5.1.35.tar.gz
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 4571173 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-devel-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 117570910 Mar 26 03:57 MySQL-embedded-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 88668065 Mar 26 03:58 MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 2410130 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-shared-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 5180642 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr--r--. 1 7155 wheel 75180190 Mar 26 03:59 MySQL-test-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost MySQL]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README from install of MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
......
注：上面的报错信息意思是要安装的文件 MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64和系统文件mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64有冲突
解决办法如下：
先查看系统下有哪些包含MySQL字符串的包，再把查到的mysql-libs-*这个包卸载掉。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep -i mysql 注：查看系统下有哪些包含MySQL字符串的包
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ev --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 注：卸载mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/Linux/MySQL/
[root@localhost MySQL]# ls
MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
mysql-connector-java-5.1.35.tar.gz
MySQL-devel-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost MySQL]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 注：安装MySQL-server
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
2015-05-26 03:50:44 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-05-26 03:50:44 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.24) starting as process 2931 ...
2015-05-26 03:50:44 2931 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-05-26 03:50:44 2931 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-05-26 03:50:44 2931 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
……
A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in ‘/root/.mysql_secret‘. 注：root用户的mysql密码在这个文件中‘/root/.mysql_secret‘，第一次连接Mysql必须更改密码
You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but ‘SET PASSWORD‘ will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the ‘password expired‘ flag.
[root@localhost MySQL]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 is already installed
[root@localhost MySQL]#
[root@localhost MySQL]# groupadd mysql
创建mysql用户，并添加到mysql组中
[root@localhost MySQL]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# more /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Tue May 26 03:50:49 2015 (local time
): fB0j9h3IOFdT9nf5 注：初始密码,fB0j9h3IOFdT9nf5
[root@localhost mysql]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz
[root@localhost MySQL]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
[root@localhost MySQL]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[root@localhost MySQL]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root 1904 1 0 18:53 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql 2032 1904 0 18:53 ? 00:00:09 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
root 3797 2874 0 20:05 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
usr/bin/mysql 是指：mysql的运行路径
var/lib/mysql 是指：mysql数据库文件的存放路径
usr/lib/mysql 是指：mysql的安装路径
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -anp |more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
1846/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
1668/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
1826/snmpd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
1846/sshd
tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN
1668/cupsd
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 注：3306是Mysql默认的端口号
2004/mysqld
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:*
......
[root@localhost mysql]# more /root/.mysql_secret 注：root用户的mysql初始密码
# The random password set for the root user at Tue May 26 03:50:49 2015 (local time
): fB0j9h3IOFdT9nf5
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -h node2 -uroot -pfB0j9h3IOFdT9nf5
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2005 (HY000): Unknown MySQL server host ‘node2‘ (111) 报错 注：找不到node2
解决方法
将node2换成127.0.0.1
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -pfB0j9h3IOFdT9nf5
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.24
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 注：MySQL已启动
mysql> set password=password(‘mysql‘); 注：命令最后有分号
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; 注： 刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
f. 查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.09 sec)
mysql> exit 注：退出MySQL，自动切换至Linux root用户
Bye
[root@localhost mysql]#
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/Kevin-Yang/p/4535709.html
