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MFC中CCommandLineInfo类被用于分析启动应用时的命令行参数。CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo; ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo); // Dispatch commands specified on the command line if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo)) return FALSE;
这几行代码是程序启动时创建新文档的关键代码。
1:我们首先来看看让CCommandLineInfo类的结构
//in afxwin.h class CCommandLineInfo : public CObject { public: // Sets default values CCommandLineInfo(); BOOL m_bShowSplash; BOOL m_bRunEmbedded; BOOL m_bRunAutomated; enum { FileNew, FileOpen, FilePrint, FilePrintTo, FileDDE, AppRegister, AppUnregister, FileNothing = -1 } m_nShellCommand; // not valid for FileNew CString m_strFileName; . . . ~CCommandLineInfo(); . . . };
下面我们再看看CCommandLineInfo的构造函数:
//in appcore.cpp CCommandLineInfo::CCommandLineInfo() { m_bShowSplash = TRUE; m_bRunEmbedded = FALSE; m_bRunAutomated = FALSE; m_nShellCommand = FileNew; }
2:再来看看ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo)函数
void CWinApp::ParseCommandLine(CCommandLineInfo& rCmdInfo) { for (int i = 1; i < __argc; i++) // extern int __argc; { LPCTSTR pszParam = __targv[i]; //extern char ** __argv; extern wchar_t ** __wargv; difine __targv __wargv BOOL bFlag = FALSE; BOOL bLast = ((i + 1) == __argc); if (pszParam[0] == '-' || pszParam[0] == '/') { // remove flag specifier bFlag = TRUE; ++pszParam; } rCmdInfo.ParseParam(pszParam, bFlag, bLast); } }
void CCommandLineInfo::ParseParam(const TCHAR* pszParam,BOOL bFlag,BOOL bLast) { if (bFlag) { USES_CONVERSION; ParseParamFlag(T2CA(pszParam)); } else ParseParamNotFlag(pszParam); ParseLast(bLast); }
void CCommandLineInfo::ParseParamFlag(const char* pszParam) { // OLE command switches are case insensitive, while // shell command switches are case sensitive if (lstrcmpA(pszParam, "pt") == 0) m_nShellCommand = FilePrintTo; else if (lstrcmpA(pszParam, "p") == 0) m_nShellCommand = FilePrint; else if (lstrcmpiA(pszParam, "Unregister") == 0 || lstrcmpiA(pszParam, "Unregserver") == 0) m_nShellCommand = AppUnregister; else if (lstrcmpA(pszParam, "dde") == 0) { AfxOleSetUserCtrl(FALSE); m_nShellCommand = FileDDE; } else if (lstrcmpiA(pszParam, "Embedding") == 0) { AfxOleSetUserCtrl(FALSE); m_bRunEmbedded = TRUE; m_bShowSplash = FALSE; } else if (lstrcmpiA(pszParam, "Automation") == 0) { AfxOleSetUserCtrl(FALSE); m_bRunAutomated = TRUE; m_bShowSplash = FALSE; } }
void CCommandLineInfo::ParseLast(BOOL bLast) { if (bLast) { if (m_nShellCommand == FileNew && !m_strFileName.IsEmpty()) m_nShellCommand = FileOpen; m_bShowSplash = !m_bRunEmbedded && !m_bRunAutomated; } }ParseLast()会判断是否是是FileNew打开新文档,如果是打开新文档,并且打开的文档名不为空的话, 就假定用户想打开这个文档,把命令设置为FileOpen。
因此,我们可以总结一下函数ParseCommandLine()的作用:ParseCommandLine()的作用主要是分析命令行参数,如果没有命令行参数,ParseCommandLine()就假定用户想新建一个文档,于是设置一个FileNew命令;如果命令行参数中有一个文件名,ParseCommandLine()就假定用户想打开该文件,于是设置一个FileOpen命令。
3:接下来,我们来重点看看外壳命令解析的主角:ProcessShellCommand()
BOOL CWinApp::ProcessShellCommand(CCommandLineInfo& rCmdInfo) { BOOL bResult = TRUE; switch (rCmdInfo.m_nShellCommand) { case CCommandLineInfo::FileNew: if (!AfxGetApp()->OnCmdMsg(ID_FILE_NEW, 0, NULL, NULL)) OnFileNew(); if (m_pMainWnd == NULL) bResult = FALSE; break; case CCommandLineInfo::FileOpen: . . . case CCommandLineInfo::FilePrintTo: . . . case CCommandLineInfo::FilePrint: . . . case CCommandLineInfo::FileDDE: . . . case CCommandLineInfo::AppRegister: . . . case CCommandLineInfo::AppUnregister: . . . . . . } }
4:最后,我们再来分析文章最初提到的App类InitInstance()函数中的几行代码。
1) 当CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo进行定义时,首先调用构造函数,构造函数中m_nShellCommand被设置为FileNew;
2) 然后执行ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo)对命令进行分析;
3) 最后调用ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo)处理命令行参数和标志。ProcessShellCommand()判断m_nShellCommand为FileNew,于是调用OnFileNew()创建了一个新的文档。
这也就是创建新文档的来龙去脉。
如果我们希望应用程序启动时不默认打开空白文档,则应该:
CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo; ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo); if (cmdInfo.m_strFileName.IsEmpty()) { cmdInfo.m_nShellCommand = CCommandLineInfo::FileNothing; } if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo)) return FALSE;
CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo; cmdInfo.m_nShellCommand = CCommandLineInfo::FileNothing; ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo); if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo)) return FALSE;
MFC解析启动命令行参数——CCommandLineInfo类
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/tianrolin/article/details/46242139