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python中的内建函数(BIF)

时间:2015-06-02 22:04:25      阅读:206      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:python中的内建函数bif   内建函数   

BIF(built-in functions) 顾名思义,就是Erlang内建函数。它们通常用来完成那此无法用Erlang完成的任务。比如将列表转换为元组或者获取当前
的时间和日期。完成这些操作的函数,我们称之为BIF。python中提供了大量的内置功能函数,这就意味着你可以少些很多的代码。
我们可以在python或IDLE shell中,键入dir(__builtins__)可以看到python的内置方法列表,"builtins"的前后都是两个下划线,shell会给出一个
庞大的列表,如下:
[‘ArithmeticError‘, ‘AssertionError‘, ‘AttributeError‘, ‘BaseException‘, ‘BlockingIOError‘, ‘BrokenPipeError‘, ‘BufferError‘, ‘BytesWarning‘,
 ‘ChildProcessError‘, ‘ConnectionAbortedError‘, ‘ConnectionError‘, ‘ConnectionRefusedError‘, ‘ConnectionResetError‘,
 ‘DeprecationWarning‘, ‘EOFError‘, ‘Ellipsis‘, ‘EnvironmentError‘, ‘Exception‘, ‘False‘, ‘FileExistsError‘, ‘FileNotFoundError‘, 
‘FloatingPointError‘, ‘FutureWarning‘, ‘GeneratorExit‘, ‘IOError‘, ‘ImportError‘, ‘ImportWarning‘, ‘IndentationError‘, ‘IndexError‘,
 ‘InterruptedError‘, ‘IsADirectoryError‘, ‘KeyError‘, ‘KeyboardInterrupt‘, ‘LookupError‘, ‘MemoryError‘, ‘NameError‘, ‘None‘, 
‘NotADirectoryError‘, ‘NotImplemented‘, ‘NotImplementedError‘, ‘OSError‘, ‘OverflowError‘, ‘PendingDeprecationWarning‘,
 ‘PermissionError‘, ‘ProcessLookupError‘, ‘ReferenceError‘, ‘ResourceWarning‘, ‘RuntimeError‘, ‘RuntimeWarning‘, ‘StopIteration‘,
 ‘SyntaxError‘, ‘SyntaxWarning‘, ‘SystemError‘, ‘SystemExit‘, ‘TabError‘, ‘TimeoutError‘, ‘True‘, ‘TypeError‘, ‘UnboundLocalError‘, 
‘UnicodeDecodeError‘, ‘UnicodeEncodeError‘, ‘UnicodeError‘, ‘UnicodeTranslateError‘, ‘UnicodeWarning‘, ‘UserWarning‘, 
‘ValueError‘, ‘Warning‘, ‘WindowsError‘, ‘ZeroDivisionError‘, ‘_‘, ‘__build_class__‘, ‘__debug__‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘__import__‘, ‘__loader__‘,
 ‘__name__‘, ‘__package__‘, ‘__spec__‘, ‘abs‘, ‘all‘, ‘any‘, ‘ascii‘, ‘bin‘, ‘bool‘, ‘bytearray‘, ‘bytes‘, ‘callable‘, ‘chr‘, ‘classmethod‘, ‘compile‘,
 ‘complex‘, ‘copyright‘, ‘credits‘, ‘delattr‘, ‘dict‘, ‘dir‘, ‘divmod‘, ‘enumerate‘, ‘eval‘, ‘exec‘, ‘exit‘, ‘filter‘, ‘float‘, ‘format‘, ‘frozenset‘, 
‘getattr‘, ‘globals‘, ‘hasattr‘, ‘hash‘, ‘help‘, ‘hex‘, ‘id‘, ‘input‘, ‘int‘, ‘isinstance‘, ‘issubclass‘, ‘iter‘, ‘len‘, ‘license‘, ‘list‘, ‘locals‘, ‘map‘, 
‘max‘, ‘memoryview‘, ‘min‘, ‘next‘, ‘object‘, ‘oct‘, ‘open‘, ‘ord‘, ‘pow‘, ‘print‘, ‘property‘, ‘quit‘, ‘range‘, ‘repr‘, ‘reversed‘, ‘round‘, ‘set‘,
 ‘setattr‘, ‘slice‘, ‘sorted‘, ‘staticmethod‘, ‘str‘, ‘sum‘, ‘super‘, ‘tuple‘, ‘type‘, ‘vars‘, ‘zip‘]
要查看某个BIF是干什么的,可以在shell中键入help(方法名),如, help(isinstance),就会得到这个BIF的功能描述.如下:
>>> help(isinstance)
Help on built-in function isinstance in module builtins:
isinstance(...)
    isinstance(object, class-or-type-or-tuple) -> bool
    Return whether an object is an instance of a class or of a subclass thereof.
    With a type as second argument, return whether that is the object‘s type.
    The form using a tuple, isinstance(x, (A, B, ...)), is a shortcut for

    isinstance(x, A) or isinstance(x, B) or ... (etc.).

就可以得到isinstance函数的介绍和使用方法。


python中的内建函数(BIF)

标签:python中的内建函数bif   内建函数   

原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/qq_20545159/article/details/46334323

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