前期导出命令：

[root@powerlong4 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@powerlong4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt1;
[oracle@powerlong4 ~]$ expdp \‘sys/systestpd as sysdba\‘ DIRECTORY=dir_dump_t3 FULL=YES DUMPFILE=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp
......

1，开始导入

先在实例2上建立管道目录：

[oracle@pttest4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jun 3 21:22:43 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>  CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dir_dump_t3  AS ‘/home/oracle/expdpimpdp/‘;

Directory created.

SQL> 

开始导入全库备份集：

impdp \‘sys/syspddev@pt2 as sysdba\‘ directory=dir_dump_t3 dumpfile=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp nologfile=y TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE 
......

<版权所有，文章允许转载，但必须以链接方式注明源地址，否则追究法律责任!>
原博客地址： http://blog.csdn.net/mchdba/article/details/46335861
原作者：黄杉 (mchdba)

2，导入报错：

ORA-02374: conversion error loading table "puser"."RES_APPROVE_CONTENT"
ORA-12899: value too large for column CREATED_POSITION_CD (actual: 24, maximum: 20)

3，怀疑导入目标错误，验证：

 [oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ 
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:06:27 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> select name from v$database;

NAME
------------------
pt2

SQL>

4，检查两者的编码

到出库实例库1：

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN (‘NLS_CHARACTERSET‘, ‘NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET‘);
PARAMETER                                                        VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                 ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                           AL16UTF16

SQL> 

到导入的库实例2库

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN (‘NLS_CHARACTERSET‘, ‘NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET‘);
PARAMETER                                                        VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                 AL32UTF8
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                           AL16UTF16

SQL> 

看到导出导入库实例1实例2的字符集不同，所以问题就在这里了

5，解决：

[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ 
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:06:27 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> 
SQL>connect username/password as SYSDBA;
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP MOUNT;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK ;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
*ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
报字符集不兼容，此时下INTERNAL_USE指令不对字符集超集进行检查：

SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP;

6，再去检查两个实例的编码

[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:32:12 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select name from v$database;

NAME
---------
pt2

SQL> 

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN (‘NLS_CHARACTERSET‘, ‘NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET‘);
Warning: connection was lost and re-established
PARAMETER                                                        VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                 ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                           AL16UTF16

SQL> 

导出实例上：

[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt1;
[oracle@pttest4 expdpimpdp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 21:32:50 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select name from v$database;

NAME
---------
pt1

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS WHERE PARAMETER IN (‘NLS_CHARACTERSET‘, ‘NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET‘);
PARAMETER                                                        VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                 ZHS16GBK
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                           AL16UTF16

SQL> 

此时，两个实例上字符集一模一样了，保持一致。

7，重新导入impdp

[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=pt2;
[oracle@pttest4 admin]$ impdp \‘sys/sysdevpd@pt2 as sysdba\‘ directory=dir_dump_t3 dumpfile=expdpfull_pd_20150529_02.dmp nologfile=y TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE

OK，一切正常，可以导入到实例2上面了。