iOS 基础类解析 - NSString

1、创建和初始化字符串
Creating and Initializing Strings

• + string
• – init
• – initWithBytes:length:encoding:
• – initWithBytesNoCopy:length:encoding:freeWhenDone:
• – initWithCharacters:length:
• – initWithCharactersNoCopy:length:freeWhenDone:
• – initWithString:
• – initWithCString:encoding:
• – initWithUTF8String:
• – initWithFormat:
• – initWithFormat:arguments:
• – initWithFormat:locale:
• – initWithFormat:locale:arguments:
• – initWithData:encoding:
• + stringWithFormat:
• + localizedStringWithFormat:
• + stringWithCharacters:length:
• + stringWithString:
• + stringWithCString:encoding:
• + stringWithUTF8String:
• + stringWithCString: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• + stringWithCString:length: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – initWithCString: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – initWithCString:length: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – initWithCStringNoCopy:length:freeWhenDone: Deprecated in iOS 2.0

2、从一个文件创建和初始化字符串
Creating and Initializing a String from a File

• + stringWithContentsOfFile:encoding:error:
• – initWithContentsOfFile:encoding:error:
• + stringWithContentsOfFile:usedEncoding:error:
• – initWithContentsOfFile:usedEncoding:error:
• + stringWithContentsOfFile: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – initWithContentsOfFile: Deprecated in iOS 2.0

3、从一个 URL 创建和初始化字符串
Creating and Initializing a String from an URL

• + stringWithContentsOfURL:encoding:error:
• – initWithContentsOfURL:encoding:error:
• + stringWithContentsOfURL:usedEncoding:error:
• – initWithContentsOfURL:usedEncoding:error:
• + stringWithContentsOfURL: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – initWithContentsOfURL: Deprecated in iOS 2.0

4、将字符串内容写到文件或 URL
Writing to a File or URL

• – writeToFile:atomically:encoding:error:
• – writeToURL:atomically:encoding:error:
• – writeToFile:atomically: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – writeToURL:atomically: Deprecated in iOS 2.0

5、获取字符串长度
Getting a String’s Length

• – length
• – lengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:
• – maximumLengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:

6、获取字符和字节
Getting Characters and Bytes

• – characterAtIndex:
• – getCharacters:range:
• – getBytes:maxLength:usedLength:encoding:options:range:remainingRange:
• – getCharacters: Deprecated in iOS 4.0

7、获取 C 字符串
Getting C Strings

• – cStringUsingEncoding:
• – getCString:maxLength:encoding:
• – UTF8String
• – cString Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – cStringLength Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – getCString: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – getCString:maxLength: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – getCString:maxLength:range:remainingRange: Deprecated in iOS 2.0
• – lossyCString Deprecated in iOS 2.0

8、拼接字符串
Combining Strings

• – stringByAppendingFormat:
• – stringByAppendingString:
• – stringByPaddingToLength:withString:startingAtIndex:

9、拆分字符串
Dividing Strings

• – componentsSeparatedByString:
• – componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:
• – stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:
• – substringFromIndex:
• – substringWithRange:
• – substringToIndex:

10、查找字符和子字符串
Finding Characters and Substrings

• – rangeOfCharacterFromSet:
• – rangeOfCharacterFromSet:options:
• – rangeOfCharacterFromSet:options:range:
• – rangeOfString:
• – rangeOfString:options:
• – rangeOfString:options:range:
• – rangeOfString:options:range:locale:
• – enumerateLinesUsingBlock:
• – enumerateSubstringsInRange:options:usingBlock:

11、替换字符串
Replacing Substrings

• – stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:withString:
• – stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:withString:options:range:
• – stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:withString:

12、确定行和段落的范围
Determining Line and Paragraph Ranges

• – getLineStart:end:contentsEnd:forRange:
• – lineRangeForRange:
• – getParagraphStart:end:contentsEnd:forRange:
• – paragraphRangeForRange:

13、确定组成字符的顺序*
Determining Composed Character Sequences

• – rangeOfComposedCharacterSequenceAtIndex:
• – rangeOfComposedCharacterSequencesForRange:

14、将字符串内容转换成属性列表
Converting String Contents Into a Property List

• – propertyList
• – propertyListFromStringsFileFormat

15、识别和比较字符串
Identifying and Comparing Strings

• – caseInsensitiveCompare:
• – localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare:
• – compare:
• – localizedCompare:
• – compare:options:
• – compare:options:range:
• – compare:options:range:locale:
• – localizedStandardCompare:
• – hasPrefix:
• – hasSuffix:
• – isEqualToString:
• – hash

16、拆叠字符串*
Folding Strings

• – stringByFoldingWithOptions:locale:

17、获取公共的前缀
Getting a Shared Prefix

• – commonPrefixWithString:options:

18、改变大小写
Changing Case

• – capitalizedString
• – capitalizedStringWithLocale:
• – lowercaseString
• – lowercaseStringWithLocale:
• – uppercaseString
• – uppercaseStringWithLocale:

19、使用映射获取多个字符串*
Getting Strings with Mapping

• – decomposedStringWithCanonicalMapping
• – decomposedStringWithCompatibilityMapping
• – precomposedStringWithCanonicalMapping
• – precomposedStringWithCompatibilityMapping

20、获取数字值
Getting Numeric Values

• – doubleValue
• – floatValue
• – intValue
• – integerValue
• – longLongValue
• – boolValue

21、处理字符编码
Working with Encodings

• + availableStringEncodings
• + defaultCStringEncoding
• + localizedNameOfStringEncoding:
• – canBeConvertedToEncoding:
• – dataUsingEncoding:
• – dataUsingEncoding:allowLossyConversion:
• – description
• – fastestEncoding
• – smallestEncoding

22、处理路径
Working with Paths

• + pathWithComponents:
• – pathComponents
• – completePathIntoString:caseSensitive:matchesIntoArray:filterTypes:
• – fileSystemRepresentation
• – getFileSystemRepresentation:maxLength:
• – isAbsolutePath
• – lastPathComponent
• – pathExtension
• – stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath
• – stringByAppendingPathComponent:
• – stringByAppendingPathExtension:
• – stringByDeletingLastPathComponent
• – stringByDeletingPathExtension
• – stringByExpandingTildeInPath
• – stringByResolvingSymlinksInPath
• – stringByStandardizingPath
• – stringsByAppendingPaths:

23、处理 URL
Working with URLs

• – stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:
• – stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:
• – stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:
• – stringByRemovingPercentEncoding

24、语言标记和分析*
Linguistic Tagging and Analysis

• – enumerateLinguisticTagsInRange:scheme:options:orthography:usingBlock:
• – linguisticTagsInRange:scheme:options:orthography:tokenRanges: