标签：preference edittextpreference listpreference switchpreference preferenceactivity
Preference主要实现一些配置数据，一些我们上次点击选择的内容，我们希望在下次应用调起的时候依然有效，无须用户再一次进行配置或选择。Android提供preference这个键值对的方式来处理这种情况，自动保存这些数据，并立时生效，同时Android提供一种类似的layout的方式来进行Preference的布局。
Preference组件有ListPreference,EditTextPreference,CheckBoxPreference和SwitchPreference,相对于View中的ListView,EditText,CheckBox,Switch和RingtonePreference .
1.介绍Preference组件的相关属性
android:key ： 每个Preference控件独一无二的”ID”,唯一表示此Preference。
android:defaultValue ： 默认值。 例如，CheckPreference的默认值可为”true”，默认为选中状态；
EditTextPreference的默认值可为”110”。
android:enabled ： 表示该Preference是否可用状态。
android:title ： 每个Preference在PreferenceScreen布局上显示的标题——大标题
android:summary ： 每个Preference在PreferenceScreen布局上显示的标题——小标题(可以没有)
android:persistent： 表示Preference元素所对应的值是否写入sharedPreferen文件中，如果是true，则表示写
入；否则，则表示不写入该Preference元素的值。
android:dependency： 表示一个Preference(用A表示)的可用状态依赖另外一个Preference(用B表示)。B可用，
则A可用；B不可用，则A不可用。
android:disableDependentsState： 与android:dependency相反。B可用，则A不可用；B不可用，则A可用。
特性：ListPreference
android:dialogTitle：弹出控件对话框时显示的标题
android:entries：类型为array，控件欲显示的文本
android:entryValues：类型为array，与文本相对应的key-value键值对，value保存至sharedPreference文件
RingtonePreference
android:ringtoneType：响铃的铃声类型，主要有：ringtone(音乐)、notification(通知)、alarm(闹铃)
、all(所有可用声 音类型)。
android:showDefault ：默认铃声，可以使用系统(布尔值---true,false)的或者自定义的铃声
android:showSilent ：指定铃声是否为静音。指定铃声包括系统默认铃声或者自定义的铃声
2.实例实现上述所讲控件
1> 代码目录结构
2>效果图
3>xml相关文件
a.xml-> setting_preference.xml
Preference的xml文件不是放在res->layout下，而是需要新建一个xml文件夹，将setting_preference.xml放置在该xml文件夹下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<PreferenceCategory android:title="第一项" >
<ListPreference
android:defaultValue="Green"
android:dialogTitle="请选您需要的颜色"
android:entries="@array/my_color_array"
android:entryValues="@array/my_color_array"
android:key="list_key"
android:summary="Green"
android:title="颜色设置" >
</ListPreference>
</PreferenceCategory>
<PreferenceCategory android:title="第二项" >
<EditTextPreference
android:defaultValue="this is editTextPreference"
android:dialogIcon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:dialogTitle="请输入"
android:key="edit_text_key"
android:summary="this is editTextPreference"
android:title="文本输入框" >
</EditTextPreference>
</PreferenceCategory>
<PreferenceCategory android:title="第三项" >
<CheckBoxPreference
android:key="check_box_key"
android:defaultValue="true"
android:title="CheckBox" >
</CheckBoxPreference>
<SwitchPreference
android:key="switch_key"
android:defaultValue="true"
android:title="Switch" >
</SwitchPreference>
<Preference
android:key="preference_key"
android:title="关于" >
</Preference>
</PreferenceCategory>
<PreferenceCategory android:title="第四项" >
<RingtonePreference
android:key="ring_tone_key"
android:title="Ringtone"
android:summary="默认铃声"
android:ringtoneType="alarm"
></RingtonePreference>
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/setting_btn"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="设置" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/show_setting_info_btn"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="显示设置信息" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="显示设置信息："
android:textColor="#FF0000"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/show_info_tv"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>c.layout->activity_about.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:text="welcome to my preference"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:gravity="center"
></TextView>
</LinearLayout>
d.value->array.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<string-array name="my_color_array">
<item>Red</item>
<item>Green</item>
<item>Bule</item>
</string-array>
</resources>a. 常量ConstantUtil.java
package com.example.settingdemo;
public class ConstantUtil {
public static final String LIST_KEY = "list_key";
public static final String EDIT_TEXT_KEY = "edit_text_key";
public static final String CHECK_BOX_KEY = "check_box_key";
public static final String SWITCH_KEY = "switch_key";
public static final String RING_TONE_KEY = "ring_tone_key";
public static final String PREFERENCE_KEY = "preference_key";
public static final String MY_PREFERENCE_KEY = "my_preference_key";
}
package com.example.settingdemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private Button settingBtn, showSettingInfoBtn;
private TextView showInfoTv;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
settingBtn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.setting_btn);
showSettingInfoBtn = (Button) this
.findViewById(R.id.show_setting_info_btn);
showInfoTv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.show_info_tv);
settingBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
showSettingInfoBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
showSettingInfo();
}
/**
* 显示设置信息
*/
private void showSettingInfo() {
SharedPreferences share = PreferenceManager
.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
StringBuffer info = new StringBuffer();
String listInfo = share.getString(ConstantUtil.LIST_KEY, "Green");
String editTextInfo = share.getString(ConstantUtil.EDIT_TEXT_KEY,
"this is editTextPreference");
boolean checkBoxInfo = share.getBoolean(ConstantUtil.CHECK_BOX_KEY,
true);
boolean switchInfo = share.getBoolean(ConstantUtil.SWITCH_KEY, true);
String ringtoneInfo = share.getString(ConstantUtil.RING_TONE_KEY,
"默认铃声");
info.append("ListInfo:").append(listInfo).append("\n")
.append("editTextInfo:").append(editTextInfo).append("\n")
.append("checkBoxInfo:").append(checkBoxInfo).append("\n")
.append("switchInfo:").append(switchInfo).append("\n")
.append("ringtoneInfo:").append(ringtoneInfo).append("\n");
showInfoTv.setText(info.toString());
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.setting_btn:
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SettingActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
break;
case R.id.show_setting_info_btn:
showSettingInfo();
break;
}
}
}
package com.example.settingdemo;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.CheckBoxPreference;
import android.preference.EditTextPreference;
import android.preference.ListPreference;
import android.preference.Preference;
import android.preference.Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;
import android.preference.RingtonePreference;
import android.preference.SwitchPreference;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class SettingActivity extends PreferenceActivity implements OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener,OnPreferenceClickListener{
private ListPreference mListPreference;
private EditTextPreference mEditTextPreference;
private CheckBoxPreference mCheckBoxPreference;
private SwitchPreference mSwitchPreference;
private Preference mPreference;
private RingtonePreference mRingtonePreference;
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.setting_preference);
initPreference();
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private void initPreference(){
mListPreference = (ListPreference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.LIST_KEY);
mEditTextPreference = (EditTextPreference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.EDIT_TEXT_KEY);
mCheckBoxPreference = (CheckBoxPreference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.CHECK_BOX_KEY);
mSwitchPreference = (SwitchPreference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.SWITCH_KEY);
mPreference = (Preference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.PREFERENCE_KEY);
mRingtonePreference = (RingtonePreference) this.findPreference(ConstantUtil.RING_TONE_KEY);
mPreference.setOnPreferenceClickListener(this);
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Override
public void onResume(){
super.onResume();
SharedPreferences share = this.getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences();
setDefaultSummary(share);
share.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Override
public void onPause(){
super.onPause();
this.getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences().unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);
}
/**
* 设置组件小标题
* @param share
*/
private void setDefaultSummary(SharedPreferences share){
mListPreference.setSummary(share.getString(ConstantUtil.LIST_KEY, "Green"));
mEditTextPreference.setSummary(share.getString(ConstantUtil.EDIT_TEXT_KEY, "this is editTextPreference"));
mRingtonePreference.setSummary(share.getString(ConstantUtil.RING_TONE_KEY, "默认铃声"));
}
@Override
public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences,
String key) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(ConstantUtil.LIST_KEY.equals(key)){
mListPreference.setSummary(mListPreference.getEntry());
}else if(ConstantUtil.EDIT_TEXT_KEY.equals(key)){
mEditTextPreference.setSummary(sharedPreferences.getString(key, "this is editTextPreference"));
}else if(ConstantUtil.RING_TONE_KEY.equals(key)){
mRingtonePreference.setSummary(sharedPreferences.getString(key, "默认铃声"));
}
}
@Override
public boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference preference) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(ConstantUtil.PREFERENCE_KEY.equals(preference.getKey())){
Intent intent = new Intent(SettingActivity.this,AboutActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}else if(ConstantUtil.MY_PREFERENCE_KEY.equals(preference.getKey())){
Toast.makeText(this, "点击MyPreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return false;
}
}
package com.example.settingdemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class AboutActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_about);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.settingdemo"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="19" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.settingdemo.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name="com.example.settingdemo.SettingActivity"></activity>
<activity android:name="com.example.settingdemo.AboutActivity"></activity>
</application>
</manifest>
源代码下载链接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/a123demi/7564135
Android 代码实现preference组件,布布扣,bubuko.com
标签：preference edittextpreference listpreference switchpreference preferenceactivity
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/a123demi/article/details/34909373
