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最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互,发现网上的资料不是很全,
目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~
我们在PC机器java客户端中,需要一些库,比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService,但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端,做过JAVA
ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库,可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用,当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了,那么我们就开始吧:
首先下载KSOAP包:ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包
下载地址 点击进入代码下载
然后新建android项目:并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下:右键->build
path->configure build path--选择Libraries,如图:
同时,只添加jar包肯能是不够的,需要添加class folder,即可以再工程的libs文件夹中加入下载的KSOAP包,如图:
环境配好之后可以用下面七个步骤来调用WebService方法:
第一:实例化SoapObject对象,指定webService的命名空间(从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间),以及调用方法名称。如:
//命名空间
privatestatic final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
privatestatic final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
第二步:假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数:
request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");
第三步:设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号,与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):
//获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut=request;
第四步:注册Envelope:
(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
第五步:构建传输对象,并指明WSDL文档URL:
//请求URL
privatestatic final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug=true;
第六步:调用WebService(其中参数为1:命名空间+方法名称,2:Envelope对象):
transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
第七步:解析返回数据:
if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
}
这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务网站,在浏览器中输入网站:http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx可以看到该网站提供的
调用方法,点进去之后可以看到调用时需要输入的参数,当然有的不需要参数,例如:getSupportProvince ,而getSupportCity需要输入查找的省份名,getWeatherbyCityName 需要输入查找的城市名。接下来我们就利用这三个接口获得数据,并做出显示:
获得本天气预报Web Service支持的洲,国内外省份和城市信息:
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public class MainActivity extends Activity {
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// WSDL文档中的命名空间
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private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
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// WSDL文档中的URL
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private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
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// 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
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private static final String getSupportProvince = "getSupportProvince";
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private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
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private ListView mListView;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
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listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
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mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
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new NetAsyncTask().execute();
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mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
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@Override
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public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
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int position, long id) {
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String mProvinceName = listItems.get(position).get("province");
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Log.d("ProvinceName", mProvinceName);
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Intent intent = new Intent();
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intent.putExtra("Pname", mProvinceName);
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intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, CityActivity.class);
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startActivity(intent);
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}
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});
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}
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class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {
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@Override
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protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
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if (result.equals("success")) {
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//列表适配器
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SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,
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new String[] {"province"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
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mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
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}
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super.onPostExecute(result);
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}
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@Override
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protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
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// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
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SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,
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getSupportProvince);
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// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
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SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
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SoapEnvelope.VER11);
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// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象,传出消息
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envelop.dotNet = true;
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envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
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// 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
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HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
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// 开始调用远程方法
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try {
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httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportProvince, envelop);
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// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
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SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
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// 得到服务器传回的数据
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int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
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for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
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Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
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listItem.put("province", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
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listItems.add(listItem);
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}
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "IOException";
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} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "XmlPullParserException";
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}
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return "success";
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}
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}
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}
显示省份列表的activity_main.xml文件:
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="match_parent" >
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<ListView
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android:id="@+id/province_list"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>
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</LinearLayout>
列表中选项显示的province_item.xml文件:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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android:layout_width="match_parent"
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android:layout_height="match_parent"
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android:orientation="vertical" >
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<TextView
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android:id="@+id/province"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="match_parent"
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android:textSize="20sp"/>
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</LinearLayout>
效果图,如图:
查询本天气预报Web Services支持的国内外城市或地区信息:
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public class CityActivity extends Activity {
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private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
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private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
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private static final String getSupportCity = "getSupportCity";
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private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
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private ListView mListView;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
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listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
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mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
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new NetAsyncTask().execute();
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mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
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@Override
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public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
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int position, long id) {
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String mCityName = listItems.get(position).get("city");
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String cityName = getCityName(mCityName);
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Log.d("CityName", cityName);
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Intent intent = new Intent();
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intent.putExtra("Cname", cityName);
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intent.setClass(CityActivity.this, WeatherActivity.class);
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startActivity(intent);
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}
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});
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}
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public String getCityName(String name) {
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String city = "";
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int position = name.indexOf(‘ ‘);
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city = name.substring(0, position);
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return city;
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}
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class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {
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@Override
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protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
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if (result.equals("success")) {
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SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(CityActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,
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new String[] {"city"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
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mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
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}
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super.onPostExecute(result);
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}
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@Override
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protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
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SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
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String name = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Pname");
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soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", name);
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SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
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SoapEnvelope.VER11);
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envelop.dotNet = true;
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envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
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HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
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try {
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httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportCity, envelop);
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SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
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int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
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for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
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Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
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listItem.put("city", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
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listItems.add(listItem);
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}
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "IOException";
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} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "XmlPullParserException";
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}
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return "success";
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}
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}
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}
用于列表显示的xml重复使用,这里就不再重复写一次了,效果图,如图:
最后,根据选择的城市或地区名称获得天气情况:
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public class WeatherActivity extends Activity {
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private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
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private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
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private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
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WeatherBean mWBean;
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private ImageView mImageView;
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private EditText mCityName;
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private EditText mTemp;
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private EditText mWeather;
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private TextView mToday;
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private TextView mDetail;
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private int Image[];
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.weather);
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Image = new int[]{R.drawable.image0,R.drawable.image1,R.drawable.image2,
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R.drawable.image3,R.drawable.image4,R.drawable.image5,
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R.drawable.image6,R.drawable.image7,R.drawable.image8,
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R.drawable.image9,R.drawable.image10,R.drawable.image11,
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R.drawable.image12,R.drawable.image13,R.drawable.image14,
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R.drawable.image15,R.drawable.image16,R.drawable.image17,
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R.drawable.image18,R.drawable.image19,R.drawable.image20,
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R.drawable.image21,R.drawable.image22,R.drawable.image23,
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R.drawable.image24,R.drawable.image25,R.drawable.image26,
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R.drawable.image27};
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mWBean = new WeatherBean();
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mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
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mCityName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.city_name);
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mTemp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.temp);
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mWeather = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.weather);
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mToday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.today_weather);
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mDetail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_detail);
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new NetAsyncTask().execute();
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}
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class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {
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@Override
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protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
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String image = mWBean.getWeatherPicture();
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int position = getImageId(image);
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Log.d("image", Image[position]+"");
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mImageView.setImageResource(Image[position]);
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mCityName.setText(mWBean.getCityName());
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mTemp.setText(mWBean.getTemp());
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mWeather.setText(mWBean.getWeather());
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mToday.setText(mWBean.getLiveWeather());
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mDetail.setText(mWBean.getCityDetail());
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super.onPostExecute(result);
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}
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public int getImageId(String picture) {
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int id = 0;
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int tempId = picture.indexOf(‘.‘);
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String sub = picture.substring(0, tempId);
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id = Integer.parseInt(sub);
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return id;
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}
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@Override
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protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
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SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
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String city = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Cname");
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soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);
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SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
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envelop.dotNet = true;
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envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
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HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
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try {
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httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getWeatherbyCityName, envelop);
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SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
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mWBean.setCityName(resultObj.getProperty(1).toString());
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mWBean.setTemp(resultObj.getProperty(5).toString());
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mWBean.setWeather(resultObj.getProperty(6).toString());
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mWBean.setWeatherPicture(resultObj.getProperty(8).toString());
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mWBean.setLiveWeather(resultObj.getProperty(10).toString());
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mWBean.setCityDetail(resultObj.getProperty(22).toString());
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "IOException";
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} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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return "XmlPullParserException";
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}
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return "success";
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}
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}
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}
这里没有显示全部的信息,提供了一个存储部分天气信息的类:
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public class WeatherBean {
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private String CityName;
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private String Temp;
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private String Weather;
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private String WeatherPicture;
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private String LiveWeather;
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private String CityDetail;
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public String getCityName() {
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return CityName;
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}
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public void setCityName(String cityName) {
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CityName = cityName;
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}
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public String getLiveWeather() {
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return LiveWeather;
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}
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public void setLiveWeather(String liveWeather) {
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LiveWeather = liveWeather;
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}
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public String getTemp() {
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return Temp;
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}
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public void setTemp(String temp) {
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Temp = temp;
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}
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public String getWeather() {
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return Weather;
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}
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public void setWeather(String weather) {
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Weather = weather;
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}
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public String getWeatherPicture() {
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return WeatherPicture;
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}
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public void setWeatherPicture(String weatherPicture) {
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WeatherPicture = weatherPicture;
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}
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public String getCityDetail() {
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return CityDetail;
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}
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public void setCityDetail(String cityDetail) {
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CityDetail = cityDetail;
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}
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}
显示天气状况的weather.xml文件:
效果图如图:
这里许多功能做得不是很完善,大家可以根据自己的需要进行设计~
点击进入代码下载
WebService使用实例
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/xiaole0313/article/details/46473579