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昨晚修改了一些表关系，在相关的hbm.xml文件中做了改动，今天早上起来启动tomcat后，发现项目启动不了，控制台报错：
2015-6-14 9:09:42 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart 严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘sessionFactory‘ defined in class path resource [application-dao.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: column attribute may not be used together with <column> subelement at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:423) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4705) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1079) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:1002) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:506) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1317) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:324) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1065) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: column attribute may not be used together with <column> subelement at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindColumns(HbmBinder.java:1075) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindColumnsOrFormula(HbmBinder.java:1547) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindManyToOne(HbmBinder.java:1559) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.createClassProperties(HbmBinder.java:2090) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.createClassProperties(HbmBinder.java:2060) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindRootPersistentClassCommonValues(HbmBinder.java:381) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindRootClass(HbmBinder.java:295) at org.hibernate.cfg.HbmBinder.bindRoot(HbmBinder.java:166) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.add(Configuration.java:716) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addInputStream(Configuration.java:551) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:631) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:211) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335) ... 39 more
为了解决这个问题，我又把昨晚改动过的hbm.xml文件恢复为原来的，再次启动发现没有报错，问题已经确定：hbm.xml文件配置问题。
看这个报错信息，应该是某个property属性的字段配置错了，于是我改过hbm.xml的文件一个个去核对，发现有一个XX.hbm.xml文件里面果然配置错了
如下：
<!-- 用户表 ，多对一映射--> <many-to-one name="User" class="cn.test.web.pojo.User" column="user_id"> <column name="user_id"></column> </many-to-one>
因为在配置many-to-one标签时，在 <many-to-one >标签这里既有column属性，也有column元素，明显是重复了，只需要配置一个colum即可！我把<column></column>去掉后，再重启tomcat，没有报错，问题解决！
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/luihengk/p/4574592.html
