C++之插入迭代器

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
template<typename T>
void PrintElements(T c)
{
    typename T::const_iterator itr = c.begin();//在GCC下typename不能省略
    while(itr != c.end())
    {
        cout << *itr++ << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
    vector<int> vecSrc;
    list<int> vecDest;
    for(vector<int>::size_type i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
    {
        vecSrc.push_back(i);
    }//--0,1,2---
    /**
     * 第一种方法是调用<iterator>头文件中的函数来返回一个back_insert_iterator对象
     * template< class Container >
     * std::back_insert_iterator<Container> back_inserter( Container& c );
     */
    /**
     * 第二种方法是调用back_insert_iterator类的构造函数来创建类对象
     * explicit
     * back_insert_iterator(_Container& __x) : container(&__x) { }
     */
    copy(vecSrc.begin(), vecSrc.end(), back_inserter(vecDest));
    //copy(vecSrc.begin(), vecSrc.end(), back_insert_iterator<list<int> >(vecDest));
    PrintElements(vecDest);//--0,1,2---
    copy(vecSrc.begin(), vecSrc.end(), front_inserter(vecDest));
    //copy(vecSrc.begin(), vecSrc.end(), front_insert_iterator<list<int> >(vecDest));
    PrintElements(vecDest);//--2,1,0,0,1,2---
    copy(vecSrc.begin(),vecSrc.end(), inserter(vecDest, ++vecDest.begin()));
    //copy(vecSrc.begin(), vecSrc.end(), insert_iterator<list<int> >(vecDest, ++vecDest.begin()));
    PrintElements(vecDest);//--2,0,1,2,1,0,0,1,2---
    back_insert_iterator<list<int> > itBack = back_inserter(vecDest);//这里也可以直接调用构造函数
    *itBack = 101;
    *itBack = 102;//itBack每次都指向容器最后的元素
    PrintElements(vecDest);//.....101,102
    front_insert_iterator<list<int> > itFront = front_insert_iterator<list<int> >(vecDest);
    *itFront = 1001;
    *itFront = 1002;
    PrintElements(vecDest);//1002,1001......
    insert_iterator<list<int> > itIst = inserter(vecDest, vecDest.begin());
    *itIst = 11;
    *itIst = 12;
    PrintElements(vecDest);//--11,12,1002,1001.....
    // *itIst = value;相当于
    // itIst = c.insert(it,value);
    // ++itIst;
    // insert函数返回的是指向插入元素的迭代器，由于该函数是在给定迭代器之前插入元素，所以++itIst之后
    // itIst依然指向的是原来的元素。操作结束后itIst指向的位置未发生改变
    return 0;
}