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/*
* 名称:人力资源管理系统数据库
*/
/*切换到系统数据库master;*/
USE master;
GO
/*若当前系统中存在HR表,则删除之;*/
IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sysdatabases WHERE name = ‘HR‘)
BEGIN
DROP DATABASE HR;
END
GO
--创建数据库HR
create database HR
go
/*切换到HR数据库*/
USE HR;
GO
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
--在HR数据库中创建表---------1职位信息表JOBS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
* 表名:职位信息表
*/
CREATE TABLE JOBS
(
--职位编号
JOB_ID VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,--职位名称,主键
JOB_TITLE NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,--最低薪资,不小于城市最低薪资标准1000
MIN_SALARY MONEY NOT NULL,--最高薪资,不小于最低薪资
MAX_SALARY MONEY NOT NULL,
);
GO
--职位主键约束
ALTER TABLE JOBS
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_ID_PK PRIMARY KEY (JOB_ID);
--最低薪资检查约束
ALTER TABLE JOBS
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_MIN_SALARY_CK CHECK(MIN_SALARY >= 1000);
--最高薪资检查约束
ALTER TABLE JOBS
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_MAX_SALARY_CK CHECK(MAX_SALARY >= MIN_SALARY);
GO
--测试数据,同时添加多个数据(union all)
INSERT INTO JOBS(JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY)
SELECT ‘AD_PRES‘, ‘行政总裁‘, 10000, 18000 UNION ALL
select ‘IT_MGR‘, ‘项目经理‘, 8000, 12000 UNION ALL
select ‘IT_PROG‘, ‘程序员‘, 4000, 10000 UNION ALL
select ‘MK_MGR‘, ‘市场经理‘, 9000, 12000 UNION ALL
select ‘MK_REP‘, ‘市场代表‘, 4000, 9000;
GO
/*查询职位表信息*/
SELECT JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY
FROM JOBS
go
----------------------------------------------------
--在HR数据库中创建表---------2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
----------------------------------------------------
/*
* 表名:部门信息表
*/
CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENTS
(
--部门编号 主键 IDENTITY(1,1)以1开始,每次自动增长1----自增
DEPARTMENT_ID INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1),
--部门名称
DEPARTMENT_NAME NVARCHAR(30)NOT NULL,
--部门主管编号
MANAGER_ID INT NULL,
);
GO
--职员主键约束
ALTER TABLE DEPARTMENTS
ADD CONSTRAINT DEPARTMENT_ID_PK PRIMARY KEY (DEPARTMENT_ID);
GO
--测试数据
/*
--第一种方法
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID)
VALUES(‘总裁办公室‘, NULL);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID)
VALUES(‘市场部‘, NULL);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID)
VALUES(‘软件部‘, NULL);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID)
VALUES(‘财务部‘, NULL);
GO
*/
--第二种方法
insert into DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID)
select ‘总裁办公室‘, NULL union all
select ‘市场部‘, NULL union all
select ‘软件部‘, NULL union all
select ‘财务部‘, NULL
go
/*查询部门表信息*/
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, DEPARTMENT_NAME, MANAGER_ID
FROM DEPARTMENTS;
GO
----------------------------------------------------
--在HR数据库中创建表---------3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
----------------------------------------------------
/*
* 表名:职员信息表
* 说明:在更新此表的部门编号或职位编号时,应向JOB_HISTORY表加入数据,同时更新入职时间为当前日期。
*/
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEES
(
--职员编号
EMPLOYEE_ID INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(100,1),
--职员名称
FIRST_NAME NVARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
--职员姓氏
LAST_NAME NVARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
--职员邮件
EMAIL VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
--职员电话
PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
--入职时间
HIRE_DATE DATETIME NOT NULL,
--职员职位编号
JOB_ID VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
--职员薪资
SALARY MONEY NULL,
--职员的上级的职员编号
MANAGER_ID INT NULL,
--职员的部门编号
DEPARTMENT_ID INT NULL,
);
GO
--职员的主键约束
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_ID_PK PRIMARY KEY (EMPLOYEE_ID);
--职员的入职时间默认值
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_HIRE_DATE_DF DEFAULT(getdate()) FOR HIRE_DATE;
--职员薪资的检查约束
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_SALARY_CK CHECK(SALARY > 0);
--职员上级的外键约束(职员和职员[管理者]间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_MANAGER_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (MANAGER_ID) REFERENCES EMPLOYEES(EMPLOYEE_ID);
--职员职位的外键约束(职员和职位间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_JOB_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (JOB_ID) REFERENCES JOBS(JOB_ID);
--部门管理者的外键约束(部门和职员间的一对一关系)
ALTER TABLE DEPARTMENTS
ADD CONSTRAINT DEPARTMENT_EMPLOYEE_MANAGER_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (MANAGER_ID) REFERENCES EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID);
--员工部门的外键约束(职员和部门间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES
ADD CONSTRAINT EMPLOYEE_DEPARTMENT_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (DEPARTMENT_ID) REFERENCES DEPARTMENTS (DEPARTMENT_ID);
GO
/*新增总裁*/
--新增总裁
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘云‘, ‘马‘, ‘yun.ma@163.com‘, ‘023-68887888‘, ‘AD_PRES‘, 12000, NULL, 1);
--得到标识列;
SELECT @@IDENTITY FROM EMPLOYEES;
--修改部门表的部门主管为总裁;
UPDATE DEPARTMENTS SET MANAGER_ID = 100 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 1;
--新增市场部经理
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘凡‘, ‘郭‘, ‘fan.guo@163.com‘, ‘023-68881666‘, ‘MK_MGR‘, 10000, NULL, 2);
--得到标识列;
SELECT @@IDENTITY FROM EMPLOYEES;
--修改部门表的部门主管为总裁;
UPDATE DEPARTMENTS SET MANAGER_ID = 101 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 2
--新增软件部经理
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘兹‘, ‘盖‘, ‘zi.gai@163.com‘, ‘023-68881888‘, ‘IT_MGR‘, 10000, NULL, 3);
--得到标识列;
SELECT @@IDENTITY FROM EMPLOYEES;
--修改部门表的部门主管为总裁;
UPDATE DEPARTMENTS SET MANAGER_ID = 102 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 3
--新增程序员
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘念‘, ‘邓‘, ‘nian.deng@163.com‘, ‘023-67771234‘, ‘IT_PROG‘, 5000, 102, 3);
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘成强‘, ‘张‘, ‘chengqiang.zhang@163.com‘, ‘023-67771235‘, ‘IT_PROG‘, 5500, 102, 3);
insert into EMPLOYEES(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
values(‘隆海‘, ‘吴‘, ‘longhai.wu@163.com‘, ‘023-67771236‘, ‘IT_PROG‘, 4500, 102, 3);
/*查询职员表信息*/
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, JOB_ID,
SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
GO
----------------------------------------------------
--在HR数据库中创建表---------4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
----------------------------------------------------
/*
* 表名:任职历史记录表
* 说明:在更新EMPLOYEES表的部门编号或职位编号时,应向此表加入数据。
*/
CREATE TABLE JOB_HISTORY
(
--任职职员编号
EMPLOYEE_ID INT NOT NULL,
--任职开始时间
START_DATE DATETIME NOT NULL,
--任职结束时间
END_DATE DATETIME NOT NULL,
--任职职位编号
JOB_ID VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
--任职部门编号
DEPARTMENT_ID INT NULL,
);
GO
--任职历史记录主键约束(员工编号和开始时间的组合主键)
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_HISTORY_EMPLOYEE_ID_START_DATE_PK PRIMARY KEY (EMPLOYEE_ID, START_DATE);
--任职结束时间默认约束
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_HISTORY_END_DATE_DF DEFAULT(GETDATE()) for END_DATE
--任职职员编号的外键约束(任职历史记录和职员间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_HISTORY_EMPLOYEE_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (EMPLOYEE_ID) REFERENCES EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID);
--任职职位编号的外键约束(任职历史记录和职位间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_HISTORY_JOB_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (JOB_ID) REFERENCES JOBS (JOB_ID);
--任职部门编号的外键约束(任职历史记录和部门间的多对一关系)
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY
ADD CONSTRAINT JOB_HISTORY_DEPARTMENT_ID_FK FOREIGN KEY (DEPARTMENT_ID) REFERENCES DEPARTMENTS(DEPARTMENT_ID);
GO
--向任职记录表中新增历史数据;
INSERT INTO JOB_HISTORY(EMPLOYEE_ID, START_DATE, END_DATE, JOB_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES(103, ‘2011-05-06‘, DEFAULT, ‘IT_PROG‘, 3);
GO
/*查询职员表信息*/
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, JOB_ID,
SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
GO
/*查询任职历史记录信息*/
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, START_DATE, END_DATE, JOB_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM JOB_HISTORY;
GO
--查询所有的EMPLOYEES表中的信息
select * from EMPLOYEES
go
-----------------------------作业---------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
-- 一、 SELECT子句练习:
--1) 查询职员表的所有信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES
go
--2) 查询职员表中的职员编号、职员姓名、电子邮件、电话号码;
select EMPLOYEE_ID,FIRST_NAME,EMAIL,PHONE_NUMBER from EMPLOYEES
go
--3) 查询员工的职员编号、职员姓名、和职员年薪
select EMPLOYEE_ID,FIRST_NAME,SALARY from EMPLOYEES
go
--4) 查询职员表中的职员编号、职员姓名、入职时间、薪资,并将列名显示为中文;as 名称 (给列指定新的别名)
select EMPLOYEE_ID as 职员编号,FIRST_NAME as 职员姓名,HIRE_DATE as 入职时间,SALARY as 薪资 from EMPLOYEES
go
--5) 从职员表中,查询公司现有哪些部门,给出这些部门的编号;distinct---去掉相同的行 DEPARTMENT_ID<>1除了部门的编号为1的其他部门
select DEPARTMENT_ID,DEPARTMENT_NAME from DEPARTMENTS where DEPARTMENT_ID in(select distinct(DEPARTMENT_ID) from EMPLOYEES where DEPARTMENT_ID<>1)
go
--6) 从任职历史记录表中,查询有部门或职务变动的所有职员的编号;(选做)
--7) 查询职员表中前2位职员的信息,
select top 2 * from EMPLOYEES
go
-- 二、 聚合函数的使用:
----------------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
--1) 查询职员总人数;----as 职员总人数给列起别名
select COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) as 职员总人数 from EMPLOYEES
go
--2) 查询3号部门的总人数;
select COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID) from EMPLOYEES where DEPARTMENT_ID=3
go
--3) 查询部门表中的总部门数;
--select * from DEPARTMENTS
select COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID) from DEPARTMENTS where DEPARTMENT_ID<>1
go
--4) 查询部门表中有部门主管的部门数;
select COUNT(MANAGER_ID) 部门数 from DEPARTMENTS where MANAGER_ID is not null
go
--5) 查询任职历史记录表中,有过职位或部门变更的职员总数;
--select * from JOB_HISTORY
select COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) from JOB_HISTORY where JOB_ID is not null and DEPARTMENT_ID is not null
go
--6) 查询职员表中的最高以及最低薪资;
--select * from EMPLOYEES
select MAX(SALARY) as 最高薪资,MIN(SALARY) as 最低薪资 from EMPLOYEES
go
--7) 查询职员表中,3号部门的薪资发放总数,及薪资平均值;
select COUNT(SALARY) as 薪资发放总数, AVG(SALARY) as 薪资平均值 from EMPLOYEES where DEPARTMENT_ID=3
-- 三、 WHERE子句的使用:
----------------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
--1) 查询职员编号为101的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where EMPLOYEE_ID=‘101‘
go
--2) 查询入职时间在2008年或以前的职员信息;
--select * from EMPLOYEES
select * from EMPLOYEES where HIRE_DATE<=2008
go
--3) 查询薪资在10000元或以上的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where SALARY>=10000
go
--4) 查询工资在2500到7000之间的员工信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where SALARY between 2500 and 7000
go
--5) 查询1998年入职的员工信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where HIRE_DATE=1998
go
--6) 查询职位编号是ST_CLERK或者ST_MAN的员工;
select * from EMPLOYEES where JOB_ID=‘ST_CLERK‘ and JOB_ID=‘ST_MAN‘
go
--7) 查询姓张或是姓李的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where LAST_NAME=‘张‘ or LAST_NAME=‘李‘
go
--8) 查询部门编号以MK开始的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where JOB_ID like ‘MK%‘
--9) 查询职位编号中含有MGR的职位信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where JOB_ID like ‘%MGR%‘
--10) 查询职员邮件中同时包含有o和u的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where EMAIL like ‘%o%u%‘
go
--11) 查询职员邮件中包含有o或u的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where EMAIL like ‘%o%‘ or EMAIL like ‘%u%‘
go
--12) 查询职员邮件中,第3个字符是n,第4个字符是g的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where EMAIL like ‘__ng%‘
go
--13) 查询职位编号含有_M的员工信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where JOB_ID like ‘%_M%‘
--14) 查询部门表中,哪些部门没有部门主管;
select DEPARTMENT_NAME,MANAGER_ID from DEPARTMENTS where MANAGER_ID is null
--15) 查询职员表中,部门主管的名称和职位编号;JOB_ID
------------------------------------------------------------------------
select DEPARTMENT_NAME as 部门主管的名称 from DEPARTMENTS where DEPARTMENT_ID in(select DEPARTMENT_ID from EMPLOYEES )
select JOB_ID from EMPLOYEES
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--16) 查询不在2010年入职的员工信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where HIRE_DATE<>2010
go
--17) 查询部门编号为3,工资在5000或以上的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where DEPARTMENT_ID=3 or SALARY>=5000
go
--18) 查询2010年之后入职,或是薪资在5000以下的职员信息;
select * from EMPLOYEES where HIRE_DATE>2010 and SALARY<5000
go
-- 四、 ORDER BY子句的使用:排序ORDER BY asc desc
----------------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
--1) 查询职员编号、职员姓名、职员薪资,并按薪资高低降序排序;
select EMPLOYEE_ID,LAST_NAME+FIRST_NAME,SALARY from EMPLOYEES ORDER BY SALARY desc
go
--2) 查询职员编号、职员姓名、职员入职时间,并按入职时间升序排序;
select EMPLOYEE_ID,LAST_NAME+FIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATE from EMPLOYEES order by HIRE_DATE asc
go
--3) 查询职员编号、职员姓名、职员入职时间、部门编号,先按部门编号升序,再按入职时间升序排列;
select EMPLOYEE_ID,LAST_NAME+FIRST_NAME,HIRE_DATE ,DEPARTMENT_ID from EMPLOYEES order by DEPARTMENT_ID,HIRE_DATE asc
go
--4) 查询薪资排名在前2位的职员信息;
select top 2 * from EMPLOYEES order by SALARY desc
go
--5) 随机从职员表里抽取两位职员,列出其职员编号、职员姓名; newid()随机函数
select top 2 EMPLOYEE_ID as 职员编号,LAST_NAME+FIRST_NAME as 职员姓名 from EMPLOYEES order by NEWID()
go
-- 五、 GROUP BY子句的使用:
----------------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
--1) 查询职员表中,按部门分类的组别;
select DEPARTMENT_ID,DEPARTMENT_NAME from DEPARTMENTS where DEPARTMENT_ID in(select DEPARTMENT_ID from EMPLOYEES group by DEPARTMENT_ID )
select DEPARTMENT_ID from EMPLOYEES group by DEPARTMENT_ID
--2) 查询职员表中,按部门分类,每个部门的平均薪资;
select AVG(SALARY) as 平均薪资 , DEPARTMENT_ID from EMPLOYEES group by DEPARTMENT_ID
--3) 查询职员表中,按职位分类,每个职位的最高薪资;
select MAX(SALARY) 最高薪资 from EMPLOYEES group by JOB_ID
--4) 查询职员表中,按部门分类,薪资在12000以上的职员人数;
---select * from EMPLOYEES
select COUNT(SALARY)职员人数 from EMPLOYEES where SALARY>=12000 group by DEPARTMENT_ID
--6、 HAVING子句的使用:
--1) 查询职员表中,平均薪资在7500或以上的部门编号及平均薪资;
select DEPARTMENT_ID 部门编号 ,avg(SALARY) 平均薪资 from EMPLOYEES group by DEPARTMENT_ID having AVG(SALARY)>=7500
--2) 查询职员表中,最低工资在8000以上的部门编号及最低薪资;
select DEPARTMENT_ID 部门编号,MIN(SALARY)最低薪资 from EMPLOYEES group by DEPARTMENT_ID having MIN(SALARY)>8000
go
-- 六、 INTO子句的使用:
----------------------------------------------
-----1职位信息表JOBS
-----2部门信息表DEPARTMENTS
-----3职员信息表EMPLOYEES
-----4任职历史记录表JOB_HISTORY
--1) 将EMPLOYEES表的数据备份至EMP_TEMP;
select * into EMP_TEMP from EMPLOYEES
--select * from EMP_TEMP
--2) 随机从职员表里抽取两位职员,列出其职员编号、职员姓名;
select top 2 EMPLOYEE_ID as 职员编号,LAST_NAME+FIRST_NAME as 职员姓名 from EMPLOYEES order by NEWID()
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/wanglu1991/p/4665962.html