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进程管理的三个主要任务:
[root@centos ~]# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.1 2900 1436 ? Ss 01:28 0:02 /sbin/init
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [migration/0]
root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [migration/0]
root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [watchdog/0]
root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [events/0]
root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [cgroup]
root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [khelper]
root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [netns]
root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [async/mgr]
root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [pm]
root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [sync_supers]
root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [bdi-default]
root 15 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kintegrityd/0]
root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kblockd/0]
root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kacpid]
root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kacpi_notify]
root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kacpi_hotplug]
root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ata_aux]
654321root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ata_sff/0]
root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ksuspend_usbd]
root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [khubd]
root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kseriod]
root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [md/0]
root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [md_misc/0]
root 27 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [linkwatch]
root 28 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [khungtaskd]
root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kswapd0]
root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 01:28 0:00 [ksmd]
root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [aio/0]
root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [crypto/0]
root 37 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kthrotld/0]
root 38 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [pciehpd]
root 40 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kpsmoused]
root 41 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [usbhid_resumer]
root 71 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kstriped]
root 146 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root 147 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [scsi_eh_1]
root 155 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [mpt_poll_0]
root 156 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [mpt/0]
root 157 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [scsi_eh_2]
root 281 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [jbd2/sda5-8]
root 282 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ext4-dio-unwrit]
root 292 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [flush-8:0]
root 374 0.0 0.1 2768 1060 ? S<s 01:28 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 632 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [vmmemctl]
root 705 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [jbd2/sda1-8]
root 706 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ext4-dio-unwrit]
root 707 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [jbd2/sda2-8]
root 708 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [ext4-dio-unwrit]
root 753 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 01:28 0:00 [kauditd]
root 963 0.0 0.0 12932 800 ? S<sl 01:28 0:00 auditd
root 989 0.0 0.1 36164 1556 ? Sl 01:29 0:00 /sbin/rsyslogd -i /var/run/syslogd.
rpc 1031 0.0 0.0 2576 800 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 rpcbind
rpcuser 1049 0.0 0.1 2840 1268 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 rpc.statd
dbus 1104 0.0 0.1 13372 1148 ? Ssl 01:29 0:00 dbus-daemon --system
root 1121 0.0 0.2 13328 2756 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 cupsd -C /etc/cups/cupsd.conf
root 1146 0.0 0.0 2020 596 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/acpid
68 1155 0.0 0.4 16932 4172 ? Ssl 01:29 0:00 hald
root 1156 0.0 0.1 3980 1140 ? S 01:29 0:00 hald-runner
root 1185 0.0 0.1 4052 1052 ? S 01:29 0:00 hald-addon-input: Listening on /dev
68 1199 0.0 0.0 3644 1008 ? S 01:29 0:00 hald-addon-acpi: listening on acpid
root 1219 0.0 0.1 29008 1584 ? Ssl 01:29 0:00 automount --pid-file /var/run/autof
root 1239 0.0 0.1 8944 1044 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root 1315 0.0 0.2 12964 2604 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/libexec/postfix/master
postfix 1323 0.0 0.2 13040 2564 ? S 01:29 0:00 pickup -l -t fifo -u
postfix 1324 0.0 0.2 13108 2608 ? S 01:29 0:00 qmgr -l -t fifo -u
root 1339 0.0 0.0 6460 868 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/abrtd
root 1347 0.0 0.1 7144 1280 ? Ss 01:29 0:01 crond
root 1358 0.0 0.0 2988 468 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd
root 1370 0.0 0.0 8784 568 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/certmonger -S -p /var/run
root 1383 0.0 0.2 5624 2636 ? Ss 01:29 0:00 login -- root
root 1385 0.0 0.0 2008 476 tty2 Ss+ 01:29 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty2
root 1387 0.0 0.0 2008 476 tty3 Ss+ 01:29 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty3
root 1389 0.0 0.0 2008 500 tty4 Ss+ 01:29 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty4
root 1394 0.0 0.0 2008 476 tty5 Ss+ 01:29 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty5
root 1398 0.0 0.0 2008 472 tty6 Ss+ 01:29 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty6
root 1399 0.0 0.1 3424 1816 ? S< 01:29 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 1400 0.0 0.1 3424 1816 ? S< 01:29 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 1436 0.0 0.2 22616 2832 ? Sl 01:45 0:00 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-d
root 1503 0.0 0.1 8024 1684 tty1 Ss+ 01:45 0:00 -bash
root 1555 0.0 0.3 11888 3352 ? Ss 01:53 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0
root 1560 0.0 0.1 6876 1692 pts/0 Ss+ 01:54 0:00 -bash
root 1623 0.0 0.3 11888 3348 ? Ss 02:04 0:00 sshd: root@pts/1
root 1627 0.0 0.1 6876 1608 pts/1 Ss+ 02:04 0:00 -bash
root 1650 0.0 0.3 11888 3352 ? Ss 02:07 0:00 sshd: root@pts/2
root 1656 0.0 0.1 6876 1676 pts/2 Ss+ 02:07 0:00 -bash
root 1715 0.0 0.3 11888 3352 ? Ss 02:19 0:00 sshd: root@pts/3
root 1724 0.0 0.1 6876 1648 pts/3 Ss 02:20 0:00 -bash
root 1819 10.0 0.1 6552 1052 pts/3 R+ 02:48 0:00 ps aux
[root@centos ~]# who
root tty1 2014-09-16 01:45
root pts/0 2014-09-16 01:54 (192.168.20.28)
root pts/1 2014-09-16 02:04 (192.168.20.28)
root pts/2 2014-09-16 02:07 (192.168.20.28)
root pts/3 2014-09-16 02:20 (192.168.20.28)
[root@centos ~]# top
top - 03:42:56 up 2:14, 10 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
Tasks: 110 total, 1 running, 109 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 1030532k total, 199200k used, 831332k free, 31036k buffers
Swap: 524280k total, 0k used, 524280k free, 68760k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
2551 apache 20 0 36000 7024 1804 S 0.3 0.7 0:00.03 httpd
2593 root 20 0 11888 3352 2604 S 0.3 0.3 0:00.24 sshd
2616 root 20 0 2688 1092 868 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.24 top
1 root 20 0 2900 1436 1216 S 0.0 0.1 0:02.12 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.16 watchdog/0
7 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.63 events/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cgroup
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 async/mgr
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 pm
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.08 sync_supers
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.08 bdi-default
15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd/0
16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.32 kblockd/0
17 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/lxw89/p/4683067.html