Python 中不需要事先定义类型,它会根据具体的值判断类型
>>> num1 = 123
>>> type(num1)
<type ‘int‘>
>>> type(123)
<type ‘int‘>
>>> num2 = 999999999999999999999999999999999
>>> type(num2)
<type ‘long‘>
>>> num3 = 123L
>>> type(num3)
<type ‘long‘>
>>> num4 = 123l
>>> type(num4)
<type ‘long‘>
>>> f1 = 123.
>>> type(f1)
<type ‘float‘>
>>> f2 = 123.0
>>> type(f2)
<type ‘float‘>
>>> c = 3.14j
>>> type(c)
<type ‘complex‘>
>>> c1 = 3.14J
>>> type(c1)
<type ‘complex‘>
使用引号定义的一组可以包含数字、子母、符号(非特殊系统符号)的集合。
可以使用单引号,双引号和三重引号定义
>>> str1 = ‘str1‘
>>> str2 = "str2"
>>> str3 = """str3"""
>>> str4 = ‘‘‘str4‘‘‘
>>> str5 = "‘‘str5‘‘"
>>> str6 = "‘"str6"‘"
File "<stdin>", line 1
str6 = "‘"str6"‘"
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> str7 = ""str7""
File "<stdin>", line 1
str7 = ""str7""
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> str8 = ‘""str8""‘
>>> str9 = ‘‘"str9"‘‘
>>> str10 = ‘"‘str10‘"‘
File "<stdin>", line 1
str10 = ‘"‘str10‘"‘
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
那么该怎么用呢?
其实一般情况下区别不大,除非引号中有特殊的符号,如下:
>>> str11 = ‘let‘s go‘
File "<stdin>", line 1
str11 = ‘let‘s go‘
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> str12 = "let‘s go"
>>> str13 = "let‘s "go" !"
File "<stdin>", line 1
str13 = "let‘s "go" !"
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> str13 = "let‘s \"go\" !"
>>> print str13
let‘s "go" !
>>> str14 = ‘let\‘s \"go\" !‘
>>> print str14
let‘s "go" !
"\"是转移字符
"\n"代表换行,通过这个就可以打印出规定格式的字符串。
但是有时候,这个看起来不够直观,而且难以控制,这时候就需要三重引号啦!~
>>> mail = """ tom:
... i am jack!
... I miss U
... bye~~"""
>>> print mail
tom:
i am jack!
I miss U
bye~~
>>> mail
‘ tom:\n i am jack!\n I miss U\n bye~~‘
a[start:end:step]
分别代表:开始位置,结束为止(不包括在内),和步长
>>> a = ‘abcdefg‘
>>> len(a)
7
>>> a[1]
‘b‘
>>> a[6]
‘g‘
>>> a[7]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: string index out of range
>>> a[0][1]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: string index out of range
>>> a[0]a[1]
File "<stdin>", line 1
a[0]a[1]
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> a[0]+a[1]
‘ab‘
>>> a[-1]
‘g‘
>>> a[0:1]
‘a‘
>>> a[0:7]
‘abcdefg‘
>>> a[:7]
‘abcdefg‘
>>> a[:]
‘abcdefg‘
>>> a[1:]
‘bcdefg‘
>>> a[0:5]
‘abcde‘
>>> a[0:5:0]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: slice step cannot be zero
>>> a[0:5:1]
‘abcde‘
>>> a[0:5:2]
‘ace‘
>>> a[0:5:-2]
‘‘
>>> a[5:0:-2]
‘fdb‘
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/chenguibao/article/details/47129923