线性表的链式存储——C语言实现

SeqList.h

#ifndef _WBM_LIST_H_
#define _WBM_LIST_H_

typedef void List;
typedef void ListNode;

//创建并且返回一个空的线性表
List* List_Create();

//销毁一个线性表list
void List_Destroy(List* list);

//将一个线性表list中的所有元素清空, 线性表回到创建时的初始状态
void List_Clear(List* list);

//返回一个线性表list中的所有元素个数
int List_Length(List* list);

//向一个线性表list的pos位置处插入新元素node
int List_Insert(List* list, ListNode* node, int pos);

//获取一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素
ListNode* List_Get(List* list, int pos);

//删除一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素  返回值为被删除的元素，NULL表示删除失败
ListNode* List_Delete(List* list, int pos);

#endif

SeqList.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include "memwatch.h"
#include"SeqList.h"

typedef struct _TSeqList
{
    int capacity;    //容量
    int length;        //长度
    void **space;    //指针空间
}TSeqList;

List* List_Create(int max)
{
    List* list = NULL;
    TSeqList *t = (TSeqList *)malloc(sizeof(TSeqList));

    if (t==NULL)
    {
        printf("初始化失败\n");
        exit(0);
    }

    t->capacity = max;
    t->length = 0;
    t->space = (void **)malloc(sizeof(void *)*max);

    if (t->space==NULL)
    {
        printf("初始化失败\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    list = (List *)t;

    return list;
}

//销毁一个线性表list
void List_Destroy(List* list)
{
    TSeqList* slist = (TSeqList*)list;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }

    if (slist->space != NULL)
    {
        free(slist->space);
    }

    if (slist != NULL)
    {
        free(slist);
    }

    return;
}

//将一个线性表list中的所有元素清空, 线性表回到创建时的初始状态
void List_Clear(List* list)
{
    TSeqList* slist = (TSeqList*)list;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }

    slist->length = 0;
    memset(slist->space, 0, sizeof(void *)*slist->capacity);

    return;
}

//返回一个线性表list中的所有元素个数
int List_Length(List* list)
{
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        printf("err");
        return -1;
    }

    TSeqList* slist = (TSeqList*)list;
    return slist->length;
    return 0;
}

//向一个线性表list的pos位置处插入新元素node
int List_Insert(List* list, ListNode* node, int pos)
{
    TSeqList* tlist = (TSeqList *)list;
    int ret = 0;
    if (list == NULL || node == NULL)
    {
        ret = -1;        //输入参数有误
        return ret;
    }
    if (tlist->capacity == tlist->length)
    {
        ret = -2;        //空间已满
        return ret;
    }
    if (pos > tlist->length||pos<1)
    {
        pos = tlist->length + 1;
    }
    
    //假设有7个元素，要插入第8个位置    ，就相当于插入list[7]        则 i=7;i>=7所以会移动一次。所以不应该等于
    //假设有7个元素，要插入第6个位置    ，就相当于list[7]=list[6];list[6]=list[5];  移动两次  i=7;i<6-1=5; i=7执行一次,i=6执行一次，i=5不会执行
    for (int i = tlist->length; i > pos-1; i--)
    {
        tlist->space[i] = tlist->space[i - 1];
    }

    tlist->space[pos - 1] = node;
    tlist->length++;

    return ret;
}

//获取一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素
ListNode* List_Get(List* list, int pos)
{
    TSeqList* tlist = (TSeqList *)list;

    if (list == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (pos<1 || pos>tlist->length)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    return tlist->space[pos - 1];
}

//删除一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素  返回值为被删除的元素，NULL表示删除失败
ListNode* List_Delete(List* list, int pos)
{
    TSeqList* tlist =(TSeqList *)list;

    ListNode *p;

    if (list == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (pos<1 || pos>tlist->length)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    //先取出元素,然后位移
    p = tlist->space[pos - 1];
    for (int i = pos; i < tlist->length; i++)
    {
        tlist->space[i - 1] = tlist->space[i];
    }

    return p;
}

main.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include "memwatch.h"
#include "SeqList.h"


typedef struct  _Teacher
{
    int age;
    char name[20];
}Teacher;

int main()
{
    List *list = List_Create(10);
    int ret = 0;
    int count = 0;
    Teacher t1,t2,t3;
    t1.age = 18;
    strcpy(t1.name, "张三");

    t2.age = 19;
    strcpy(t2.name, "李四");

    t3.age = 20;
    strcpy(t3.name, "王五");

    //向一个线性表list的pos位置处插入新元素node
    ret = List_Insert(list, (void *)&t1, 1);
    if (ret!=0)
    {
        printf("err\n");
    }
    ret = List_Insert(list, (void *)&t2, 1);
    if (ret != 0)
    {
        printf("err\n");
    }
    ret = List_Insert(list, (void *)&t3, 1);
    if (ret != 0)
    {
        printf("err\n");
    }
    count =  List_Length(list);

    printf("线性表目前长度为:%d\n",count);

    //获取一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素
    ListNode* List_Get(List* list, int pos);
    
    printf("年龄\t姓名\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        ListNode *p = List_Get(list, i+1);
        printf("%d\t%s\n", ((Teacher *)(p))->age, ((Teacher *)(p))->name);
    }
    //删除一个线性表list的pos位置处的元素  返回值为被删除的元素，NULL表示删除失败

    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        ListNode *p = List_Delete(list,i+1);
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            printf("%d\t%s\n", ((Teacher *)(p))->age, ((Teacher *)(p))->name);
        }    
    }

    List_Clear(list);
    //销毁一个线性表list
    List_Destroy(list);    

    printf("hello\n");
    //system("pause");

    return 0;
}

int main02()
{
    int *a = malloc(sizeof(int));
    free(a);
    printf("hello\n");
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}