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kaptcha 是一个非常实用的验证码生成工具。有了它,你可以生成各种样式的验证码,因为它是可配置的。kaptcha工作的原理是调用 com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet,生成一个图片。同时将生成的验证码字符串放到 HttpSession中。
使用kaptcha可以方便的配置:
下面介绍一下用法:
1.首先去官网下载jar:http://code.google.com/p/kaptcha/
2.建立一个web项目,导入 kaptcha-2.3.jar 到环境变量中。
网盘下载jar包: http://yunpan.cn/cdjzkrjKgQ7eD 访问密码 754f
(1)在applicationContext.xml中配置
<bean id="captchaProducer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha"> <property name="config"> <bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config"> <constructor-arg> <props> <prop key="kaptcha.border">no</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.border.color">105,179,90</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">red</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.image.width">250</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">90</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.image.height">90</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.session.key">code</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop> <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</prop> </props> </constructor-arg> </bean> </property> </bean>
(2)controller 的实现
package com.souvc.app.base.captcha; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants; import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer; /** * 防止Captcha机器人登陆 * @author liuwang * */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/kaptcha/*") public class CaptchaController { @Autowired private Producer captchaProducer = null; @RequestMapping public ModelAndView getKaptchaImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { HttpSession session = request.getSession(); String code = (String)session.getAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY); System.out.println("******************验证码是: " + code + "******************"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); // Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers. response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate"); // Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader). response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0"); // Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header. response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); // return a jpeg response.setContentType("image/jpeg"); // create the text for the image String capText = captchaProducer.createText(); // store the text in the session session.setAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY, capText); // create the image with the text BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText); ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); // write the data out ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out); try { out.flush(); } finally { out.close(); } return null; } }
(3)jsp代码
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/functions.js"></script> <title>测试页面</title> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $(‘#kaptchaImage‘).click(function () {//生成验证码 $(this).hide().attr(‘src‘, ‘./kaptcha/getKaptchaImage.do?‘ + Math.floor(Math.random()*100) ).fadeIn(); event.cancelBubble=true; }); }); window.onbeforeunload = function(){ //关闭窗口时自动退出 if(event.clientX>360&&event.clientY<0||event.altKey){ alert(parent.document.location); } }; function changeCode() { $(‘#kaptchaImage‘).hide().attr(‘src‘, ‘./kaptcha/getKaptchaImage.do?‘ + Math.floor(Math.random()*100) ).fadeIn(); event.cancelBubble=true; } </script> </head> <body> <div class="chknumber"> <label>验证码: <input name="kaptcha" type="text" id="kaptcha" maxlength="4" class="chknumber_input" /> </label> <br /> <img src="./kaptcha/getKaptchaImage.do" id="kaptchaImage" style="margin-bottom: -3px"/> <a href="#" onclick="changeCode()">看不清?换一张</a> </div> </body> </html>
温馨提示:
获取验证码的关键语句,如下:
String code =(String)session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
(4) kaptcha可配置项
kaptcha.border 是否有边框 默认为true 我们可以自己设置yes,no kaptcha.border.color 边框颜色 默认为Color.BLACK kaptcha.border.thickness 边框粗细度 默认为1 kaptcha.producer.impl 验证码生成器 默认为DefaultKaptcha kaptcha.textproducer.impl 验证码文本生成器 默认为DefaultTextCreator kaptcha.textproducer.char.string 验证码文本字符内容范围 默认为abcde2345678gfynmnpwx kaptcha.textproducer.char.length 验证码文本字符长度 默认为5 kaptcha.textproducer.font.names 验证码文本字体样式 默认为new Font("Arial", 1, fontSize), new Font("Courier", 1, fontSize) kaptcha.textproducer.font.size 验证码文本字符大小 默认为40 kaptcha.textproducer.font.color 验证码文本字符颜色 默认为Color.BLACK kaptcha.textproducer.char.space 验证码文本字符间距 默认为2 kaptcha.noise.impl 验证码噪点生成对象 默认为DefaultNoise kaptcha.noise.color 验证码噪点颜色 默认为Color.BLACK kaptcha.obscurificator.impl 验证码样式引擎 默认为WaterRipple kaptcha.word.impl 验证码文本字符渲染 默认为DefaultWordRenderer kaptcha.background.impl 验证码背景生成器 默认为DefaultBackground kaptcha.background.clear.from 验证码背景颜色渐进 默认为Color.LIGHT_GRAY kaptcha.background.clear.to 验证码背景颜色渐进 默认为Color.WHITE kaptcha.image.width 验证码图片宽度 默认为200 kaptcha.image.height 验证码图片高度 默认为50
(6)验证验证码是否正确的方法:
@RequestMapping(value = "/checkRandCode", method = RequestMethod.GET) public void checkRandCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); try { String randCode = request.getParameter("randCode"); logger.info("randCode: " +randCode); String status = "0"; String code = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY); if(randCode.toLowerCase().equals(code.toLowerCase()))status="1"; map.put("status", status); map.put("description", ""); String data = JSONObject.fromObject(map).toString(); logger.info("返回给页面的数据为: " + data); response.getWriter().print(data); response.getWriter().flush(); response.getWriter().close(); } catch (Exception ex) { logger.error(ex.getMessage(), ex); }
(7) 默认值
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/liuhongfeng/p/4702566.html