无限极分类在开发中经常使用,例如:部门结构、文章分类。无限极分类的难点在于“输出”和“查询”,例如
在《无限级分类实现思路》一文中介绍了几种常见的实现方法,各有利弊。其中“改进前序遍历树”数据结构,便于输出和查询,但是在移动分类和常规理解上有些复杂。
id | fid | title |
---|---|---|
1 | 0 | 中国 |
2 | 1 | 江苏 |
3 | 1 | 安徽 |
4 | 8 | 江阴 |
5 | 3 | 芜湖 |
6 | 3 | 合肥 |
7 | 3 | 蚌埠 |
8 | 2 | 无锡 |
<?php
$list = array(
array(‘id‘=>1, ‘fid‘=>0, ‘title‘ => ‘中国‘),
array(‘id‘=>2, ‘fid‘=>1, ‘title‘ => ‘江苏‘),
array(‘id‘=>3, ‘fid‘=>1, ‘title‘ => ‘安徽‘),
array(‘id‘=>4, ‘fid‘=>8, ‘title‘ => ‘江阴‘),
array(‘id‘=>5, ‘fid‘=>3, ‘title‘ => ‘芜湖‘),
array(‘id‘=>6, ‘fid‘=>3, ‘title‘ => ‘合肥‘),
array(‘id‘=>7, ‘fid‘=>3, ‘title‘ => ‘蚌埠‘),
array(‘id‘=>8, ‘fid‘=>8, ‘title‘ => ‘无锡‘)
);
?>
各分类之间通过父类id(即fid)进行级别“串联”,形成一棵分类树。在进行串联时候有一点值得注意:分类A的fid不可以是其子类的id。
在使用这种数据结构进行输出时最常用的算法就是“递归”,熟悉PHP语言的朋友肯定知道,PHP不擅长递归 ,而且递归次数有限(100次左右,因操作系统和配置而异)。
由于所有的递归均可以使用循环实现,本文根据PHP语言特点编写了一套关于“无限级”分类的函数,相比递归实现而言效率更高
将上述数据输出为下面的HTML
<ul>
<li class="first-child">
<div>江苏</div>
<ul>
<li class="first-child last-child">
<div>无锡</div>
<ul>
<li class="first-child last-child">
<div>江阴</div>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="last-child">
<div>安徽</div>
<ul>
<li class="first-child"><div>芜湖</div></li>
<li><div>合肥</div></li>
<li class="last-child"><div>蚌埠</div></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
这种HTML结构在前端使用(使用JavaScript和CSS构造可折叠树)十分方便。具体实现程序如下:
<ul><?php get_tree_ul($list, 1); ?></ul>
<select>
<option value="2">江苏</option>
<option value="8"> 无锡</option>
<option value="4"> 江阴</option>
<option value="3">安徽</option>
<option value="5"> 芜湖</option>
<option value="6"> 合肥</option>
<option value="7"> 蚌埠</option>
</select>
具体实现程序如下:
<select>
<?php
// get_tree_option()返回数组,并为每个元素增加了“深度”(即depth)列,直接输出即可
$options = get_tree_option($list, 1);
foreach($options as $op) {
echo ‘<option value="‘ . $op[‘id‘] .‘">‘ . str_repeat(" ", $op[‘depth‘] * 4) . $op[‘title‘] . ‘<;/option>‘;
}
?>
<;/select>
<?php
$children = get_tree_child($list, 0);
echo implode(‘,‘, $children); // 输出:1,3,2,7,6,5,8,4
?>
<?php
$children = get_tree_parent($list, 4);
echo implode(‘,‘, $children); //8, 2, 10
?>
<?php
function get_tree_child($data, $fid) {
$result = array();
$fids = array($fid);
do {
$cids = array();
$flag = false;
foreach($fids as $fid) {
for($i = count($data) - 1; $i >=0 ; $i--) {
$node = $data[$i];
if($node[‘fid‘] == $fid) {
array_splice($data, $i , 1);
$result[] = $node[‘id‘];
$cids[] = $node[‘id‘];
$flag = true;
}
}
}
$fids = $cids;
} while($flag === true);
return $result;
}
function get_tree_parent($data, $id) {
$result = array();
$obj = array();
foreach($data as $node) {
$obj[$node[‘id‘]] = $node;
}
$value = isset($obj[$id]) ? $obj[$id] : null;
while($value) {
$id = null;
foreach($data as $node) {
if($node[‘id‘] == $value[‘fid‘]) {
$id = $node[‘id‘];
$result[] = $node[‘id‘];
break;
}
}
if($id === null) {
$result[] = $value[‘fid‘];
}
$value = isset($obj[$id]) ? $obj[$id] : null;
}
unset($obj);
return $result;
}
function get_tree_ul($data, $fid) {
$stack = array($fid);
$child = array();
$added_left = array();
$added_right= array();
$html_left = array();
$html_right = array();
$obj = array();
$loop = 0;
foreach($data as $node) {
$pid = $node[‘fid‘];
if(!isset($child[$pid])) {
$child[$pid] = array();
}
array_push($child[$pid], $node[‘id‘]);
$obj[$node[‘id‘]] = $node;
}
while (count($stack) > 0) {
$id = $stack[0];
$flag = false;
$node = isset($obj[$id]) ? $obj[$id] : null;
if (isset($child[$id])) {
$cids = $child[$id];
$length = count($cids);
for($i = $length - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
array_unshift($stack, $cids[$i]);
}
$obj[$cids[$length - 1]][‘isLastChild‘] = true;
$obj[$cids[0]][‘isFirstChild‘] = true;
$flag = true;
}
if ($id != $fid && $node && !isset($added_left[$id])) {
if(isset($node[‘isFirstChild‘]) && isset($node[‘isLastChild‘])) {
$html_left[] = ‘<li class="first-child last-child">‘;
} else if(isset($node[‘isFirstChild‘])) {
$html_left[] = ‘<li class="first-child">‘;
} else if(isset($node[‘isLastChild‘])) {
$html_left[] = ‘<li class="last-child">‘;
} else {
$html_left[] = ‘<li>‘;
}
$html_left[] = ($flag === true) ? "<div>{$node[‘title‘]}</div><ul>" : "<div>{$node[‘title‘]}</div>";
$added_left[$id] = true;
}
if ($id != $fid && $node && !isset($added_right[$id])) {
$html_right[] = ($flag === true) ? ‘</ul></li>‘ : ‘</li>‘;
$added_right[$id] = true;
}
if ($flag == false) {
if($node) {
$cids = $child[$node[‘fid‘]];
for ($i = count($cids) - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
if ($cids[$i] == $id) {
array_splice($child[$node[‘fid‘]], $i, 1);
break;
}
}
if(count($child[$node[‘fid‘]]) == 0) {
$child[$node[‘fid‘]] = null;
}
}
array_push($html_left, array_pop($html_right));
array_shift($stack);
}
$loop++;
if($loop > 5000) return $html_left;
}
unset($child);
unset($obj);
return implode(‘‘, $html_left);
}
function get_tree_option($data, $fid) {
$stack = array($fid);
$child = array();
$added = array();
$options = array();
$obj = array();
$loop = 0;
$depth = -1;
foreach($data as $node) {
$pid = $node[‘fid‘];
if(!isset($child[$pid])) {
$child[$pid] = array();
}
array_push($child[$pid], $node[‘id‘]);
$obj[$node[‘id‘]] = $node;
}
while (count($stack) > 0) {
$id = $stack[0];
$flag = false;
$node = isset($obj[$id]) ? $obj[$id] : null;
if (isset($child[$id])) {
for($i = count($child[$id]) - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
array_unshift($stack, $child[$id][$i]);
}
$flag = true;
}
if ($id != $fid && $node && !isset($added[$id])) {
$node[‘depth‘] = $depth;
$options[] = $node;
$added[$id] = true;
}
if($flag == true){
$depth++;
} else {
if($node) {
for ($i = count($child[$node[‘fid‘]]) - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
if ($child[$node[‘fid‘]][$i] == $id) {
array_splice($child[$node[‘fid‘]], $i, 1);
break;
}
}
if(count($child[$node[‘fid‘]]) == 0) {
$child[$node[‘fid‘]] = null;
$depth--;
}
}
array_shift($stack);
}
$loop++;
if($loop > 5000) return $options;
}
unset($child);
unset($obj);
return $options;
}
?>
PHP无限极分类的实现(不使用递归),布布扣,bubuko.com
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/rainman/p/3837671.html