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建议57：实现ISerializable的子类型应负责父类的序列化
我们将要实现的继承自ISerializable的类型Employee有一个父类Person，假设Person没有实现序列化，而现在子类Employee却需要满足序列化的场景。不过序列化器并没有默认处理Person类型对象，这些事情只能由我们自己做。
以下是一个不妥的实现，序列化器只发现和处理了Employee中Salary字段：
class Program { static void Main() { Employee liming = new Employee() { Name = "liming", Salary = 2000 }; BinarySerializer.SerializeToFile(liming, @"c:\", "person.txt"); Employee limingCopy = BinarySerializer.DeserializeFromFile<Employee>(@"c:\person.txt"); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("姓名：{0}", limingCopy.Name)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("薪水：{0}", limingCopy.Salary)); } } public class Person { public string Name { get; set; } } [Serializable] public class Employee : Person, ISerializable { public int Salary { get; set; } public Employee() { } protected Employee(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { Salary = info.GetInt32("Salary"); } public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Salary", Salary); } }
序列化工具类：
public class BinarySerializer { //将类型序列化为字符串 public static string Serialize<T>(T t) { using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(stream, t); return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray()); } } //将类型序列化为文件 public static void SerializeToFile<T>(T t, string path, string fullName) { if (!Directory.Exists(path)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } string fullPath = Path.Combine(path, fullName); using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(fullPath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(stream, t); stream.Flush(); } } //将字符串反序列化为类型 public static TResult Deserialize<TResult>(string s) where TResult : class { byte[] bs = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s); using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(bs)) { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); return formatter.Deserialize(stream) as TResult; } } //将文件反序列化为类型 public static TResult DeserializeFromFile<TResult>(string path) where TResult : class { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open)) { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); return formatter.Deserialize(stream) as TResult; } } }
输出为：
姓名：
薪水：2000
看见，Name字段并没有正确处理。这需要我们修改类型Employee中受保护的构造方法GetObjectData方法，为它加入父类字段的处理：
[Serializable] public class Employee : Person, ISerializable { public int Salary { get; set; } public Employee() { } protected Employee(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { Name = info.GetString("Name"); Salary = info.GetInt32("Salary"); } public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Name", Name); info.AddValue("Salary", Salary); } }
修改后输出：
姓名：liming
薪水：2000
上面的例子中Person类未被设置成支持序列化。现在，假设Person类已经实现了ISerializable接口，那么这个问题处理起来会相对容易，在子类Employee中，我们只需要调用父类受保护的构造方法和GetObjectData方法就可以了。如下所示：
[Serializable] public class Person : ISerializable { public string Name { get; set; } public Person() { } protected Person(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { Name = info.GetString("Name"); } public virtual void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { info.AddValue("Name", Name); } } [Serializable] public class Employee : Person, ISerializable { public int Salary { get; set; } public Employee() { } protected Employee(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { Salary = info.GetInt32("Salary"); } public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { base.GetObjectData(info, context); info.AddValue("Salary", Salary); } }
转自：《编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议》陆敏技
编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议——建议57：实现ISerializable的子类型应负责父类的序列化
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jesselzj/p/4735440.html
