写c++程序时我们经常会把函数的定义写在xxx.h中，把函数的实现写在xxx.cpp, 但是当我们写带模版的函数和类时，这样写
就会出现问题，如下：
stack.h
//stack.h
#ifndef STACK_HPP
#define STACK_HPP
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
template<typename T, typename TContainer = std::vector<T>>
class CStack
{
public:
void push(const T& vValue);
void pop();
T top() const;
bool empty() const {return m_Container.empty();}
private:
TContainer m_Container;
};
#endifstack.cpp
#include "stack.h"
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
void CStack<T, TContainer>::push(const T& vValue)
{
m_Container.push_back(vValue);
}
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
void CStack<T, TContainer>::pop()
{
if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::pop: empty stack\n");
m_Container.pop_back();
}
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
T CStack<T, TContainer>::top() const
{
if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::top: empty Stack\n");
return m_Container.back();
}然后在main函数中测试就会出错：
#include "stack.h"
int main()
{
stack<int> IntStack;
....
}
首先定义 stack.hpp，类的定义
#ifndef STACK_HPP
#define STACK_HPP
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
template<typename T, typename TContainer = std::vector<T>>
class CStack
{
public:
void push(const T& vValue);
void pop();
T top() const;
bool empty() const {return m_Container.empty();}
private:
TContainer m_Container;
};
#endif然后定义stackdef.hpp 来实现模版中定义的函数
#ifndef STACKDEF_HPP
#define STACKDEF_HPP
#include "stack.hpp"
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
void CStack<T, TContainer>::push(const T& vValue)
{
m_Container.push_back(vValue);
}
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
void CStack<T, TContainer>::pop()
{
if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::pop: empty stack\n");
m_Container.pop_back();
}
template<typename T, typename TContainer>
T CStack<T, TContainer>::top() const
{
if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::top: empty Stack\n");
return m_Container.back();
}
#endif
最后测试
#include "stack_def.hpp"
int main()
{
CStack<int> IntStack;
IntStack.push(1);
system("pause");
return 0;
}这样就行了！
模板类的定义和实现可以不在同一个文件中,布布扣,bubuko.com
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoliangsky/article/details/37740159
