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很多手机app条形码应用都使用了ZXing和ZBar两个开源条形码SDK。那么从检测速度和检测率看哪个更出色呢？ZXing用Java实现，ZBar用C/C++实现，为了确保公平，这里用JNI封装ZBar，用Java写测试。
参考原文：How to Benchmark Barcode SDK Performance – ZXing vs ZBar
作者：Desmond Shaw
翻译：yushulx
https://github.com/zxing/zxing
http://sourceforge.net/projects/zbar/files/zbar/
通过Java SDK中的ImageIO，我们可以解码很多图片格式，比如JPEG,PNG,BMP。但是TIFF是不支持的。实际使用的时候，经常会用到TIFF文件读取条形码。Oracle官方提供了Java Advanced Imaging （JAI）来支持TIFF。
照理说Oracle的官网是应该提供JAI的下载链接的。但是很奇怪的是打开之后都是404错误。在网上搜了一圈，找到了一个可用链接：http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/j/Downloadjaicore113jar.htm。使用的时候需要下载jai_codec-1.1.3.jar和jai_core-1.1.3.jar。这里是一个把TIFF读到int[]的例子：
File file = new File(fileName);
RenderedImage tiff = JAI.create("tiffload", fileName);
BufferedImage image = PlanarImage.wrapRenderedImage(tiff).getAsBufferedImage();
int[] pixels = image.getRGB(0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), null, 0, image.getWidth();
ZXing中的MultiFormatReader是用来读取一个条形码的，要读取多个条形码，需要把它放到GenericMultipleBarcodeReader中：
RGBLuminanceSource source = new RGBLuminanceSource(image.getWidth(),
image.getHeight(), pixels);
bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER, null);
Collection<BarcodeFormat> formats = new ArrayList<>();
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.CODABAR);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_39);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_93);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_128);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_8);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_13);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.ITF);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_A);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_E);
formats.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_EAN_EXTENSION);
hints.put(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, formats);
MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();
// read multi barcodes
GenericMultipleBarcodeReader multiReader = new GenericMultipleBarcodeReader(
reader);
try {
Result[] results = multiReader.decodeMultiple(bitmap, hints);
System.out.println(ZXING + TIME_COST
+ ((System.nanoTime() - start) / 1000000) + MS);
if (results != null) {
for (Result result : results) {
System.out.println(ZXING + TYPE + result.getBarcodeFormat() + VALUE + result.getText());
}
}
} catch (NotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
要用JNI封装ZBar，最简单的方法就是参考自带的例子scan_image.cpp。把main函数改成JNI的接口就行了，在底层获取数据之后返回给Java层：
#include <iostream>
#include <Magick++.h>
#include <zbar.h>
#include <jni.h>
#define STR(s) #s
using namespace std;
using namespace zbar;
#ifndef DEBUG
#define DEBUG(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
#endif
extern "C" {
JNIEXPORT jobjectArray JNICALL Java_com_dynamsoft_zbar_ZBarReader_decode(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring fileName);
}
JNIEXPORT jobjectArray JNICALL Java_com_dynamsoft_zbar_ZBarReader_decode(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring fileName)
{
const char *pszFileName = env->GetStringUTFChars(fileName, 0);
#ifdef MAGICK_HOME
// http://www.imagemagick.org/Magick++/
// under Windows it is necessary to initialize the ImageMagick
// library prior to using the Magick++ library
Magick::InitializeMagick(MAGICK_HOME);
#endif
// create a reader
ImageScanner scanner;
// configure the reader
scanner.set_config(ZBAR_NONE, ZBAR_CFG_ENABLE, 1);
// obtain image data
Magick::Image magick(pszFileName); // read an image file
int width = magick.columns(); // extract dimensions
int height = magick.rows();
Magick::Blob blob; // extract the raw data
magick.modifyImage();
magick.write(&blob, "GRAY", 8);
const void *raw = blob.data();
// wrap image data
Image image(width, height, "Y800", raw, width * height);
// scan the image for barcodes
int n = scanner.scan(image);
// find java class
jclass clsZBarResult = env->FindClass("com/dynamsoft/zbar/ZBarResult");
// create java array
int data_length = 0;
for (Image::SymbolIterator symbol = image.symbol_begin();
symbol != image.symbol_end();
++symbol) {
++data_length;
}
jobjectArray clsZBarResultArray = env->NewObjectArray(data_length, clsZBarResult, 0);
int iIndex = 0;
// extract results
for (Image::SymbolIterator symbol = image.symbol_begin();
symbol != image.symbol_end();
++symbol) {
// do something useful with results
//cout << "ZBR Type: " << symbol->get_type_name()
// << ", Value \"" << symbol->get_data() << ‘"‘ << endl;
// save result to java array
jmethodID init = env->GetMethodID(clsZBarResult, "<init>", "()V");
jobject clsZBarResultObj = env->NewObject(clsZBarResult, init);
jfieldID jType = env->GetFieldID(clsZBarResult, "mType", "Ljava/lang/String;");
jfieldID jValue = env->GetFieldID(clsZBarResult, "mValue", "Ljava/lang/String;");
env->SetObjectField(clsZBarResultObj, jType, env->NewStringUTF(symbol->get_type_name().c_str()));
env->SetObjectField(clsZBarResultObj, jValue, env->NewStringUTF(symbol->get_data().c_str()));
env->SetObjectArrayElement(clsZBarResultArray, iIndex, clsZBarResultObj);
++iIndex;
}
// clean up
image.set_data(NULL, 0);
// release string
env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(fileName, pszFileName);
return clsZBarResultArray;
}
这里你会需要用到ImageMagick x86版本，下载地址：http://www.imagemagick.org/script/binary-releases.php。
相关的Java类如下：
ZBarReader.java
package com.dynamsoft.zbar;
import com.dynamsoft.utils.BaseReader;
public class ZBarReader extends BaseReader {
static {
System.loadLibrary("zbarjni");
}
public void testZBar(String fileName) {
long start = System.nanoTime();
ZBarReader reader = new ZBarReader();
ZBarResult[] results = (ZBarResult[])reader.decode(fileName);
System.out.println(ZBAR + TIME_COST
+ ((System.nanoTime() - start) / 1000000) + MS);
if (results != null && results.length > 0) {
mCount += 1;
for (ZBarResult result : results) {
System.out.println(ZBAR + TYPE + result.mType + VALUE + result.mValue);
}
}
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.getCount();
}
public native Object[] decode(String fileName);
}
ZBarResult.java
package com.dynamsoft.zbar;
public class ZBarResult {
public String mType;
public String mValue;
}
性能PK
找一些数据集来测试。多条形码测试可以使用Dynamsoft的测试数据https://github.com/Dynamsoft/Dynamsoft-Barcode-Reader/tree/master/Images，单条形码可以使用ZXing的数据https://github.com/zxing/zxing/tree/master/core/src/test/resources。这里用ZXing的二维码数据https://github.com/zxing/zxing/tree/master/core/src/test/resources/blackbox/qrcode-1来做一个测试对比，结果如下：
F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\1.png ZXI Time cost: 122ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 33ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\10.png ZXI Time cost: 66ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\11.png ZXI Time cost: 53ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 29ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\12.png ZXI Time cost: 71ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 29ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\13.png ZXI Time cost: 84ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: http://google.com/gwt/n?u=bluenile.com ZBA Time cost: 27ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: http://google.com/gwt/n?u=bluenile.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\14.png com.google.zxing.NotFoundException ZBA Time cost: 32ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: http://google.com/gwt/n?u=bluenile.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\15.png ZXI Time cost: 90ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: http://google.com/gwt/n?u=bluenile.com ZBA Time cost: 34ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: http://google.com/gwt/n?u=bluenile.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\16.png ZXI Time cost: 77ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ZBA Time cost: 35ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\17.png ZXI Time cost: 82ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ZBA Time cost: 32ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\18.png ZXI Time cost: 80ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ZBA Time cost: 35ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\19.png ZXI Time cost: 64ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\2.png ZXI Time cost: 61ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\20.png ZXI Time cost: 55ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ZBA Time cost: 30ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: Sean Owen srowen@google.com 917-364-2918 http://awesome-thoughts.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\3.png ZXI Time cost: 56ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 29ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\4.png ZXI Time cost: 70ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\5.png ZXI Time cost: 64ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\6.png ZXI Time cost: 56ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 28ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\7.png ZXI Time cost: 73ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 30ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\8.png ZXI Time cost: 55ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 27ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F:\resources\blackbox\qrcode-1\9.png ZXI Time cost: 55ms ZXI Type: QR_CODE, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ZBA Time cost: 27ms ZBA Type: QR-Code, value: MEBKM:URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ZXI passed: 19 ZBA passed: 20
结果发现，ZBar的二维码解码速度居然比ZXing快很多！感兴趣的同学可以去测试下别的数据。
https://github.com/Dynamsoft/Dynamsoft-Barcode-Reader/tree/master/samples/Java
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原文地址：http://my.oschina.net/yushulx/blog/499888
