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外观模式是为了解决类与类之间的依赖关系的,像spring一样,可以将类和类之间的关系配置到配置文件中,而外观模式就是将他们的关系放在一个Facade类中,降低了类类之间的耦合度,该模式中没有涉及到接口,看下类图:(我们以一个计算机的启动过程为例)
public class CPU { public void startup(){ System.out.println("cpu startup!"); } public void shutdown(){ System.out.println("cpu shutdown!"); } }
public class Disk { public void startup(){ System.out.println("disk startup!"); } public void shutdown(){ System.out.println("disk shutdown!"); } }
public class Memory { public void startup(){ System.out.println("memory startup!"); } public void shutdown(){ System.out.println("memory shutdown!"); } }
public class Computer { private CPU cpu; private Memory memory; private Disk disk; public Computer(){ this.cpu=new CPU(); this.disk=new Disk(); this.memory=new Memory(); } public void startup() { System.out.println("computer startup!"); cpu.startup(); memory.startup(); disk.startup(); System.out.println("start computer finish!"); } public void shutdown() { System.out.println("begin to close the computer!"); cpu.shutdown(); memory.shutdown(); disk.shutdown(); System.out.println("computer close!"); } }
public class User { public static void main(String[] args) { Computer computer =new Computer(); computer.startup(); computer.shutdown(); } }
测试结果:
computer startup!
cpu startup!
memory startup!
disk startup!
start computer finish!
begin to close the computer!
cpu shutdown!
memory shutdown!
disk shutdown!
computer close!
如果我们没有Computer类,那么,CPU、Memory、Disk他们之间将会相互持有实例,产生关系,这样会造成严重的依赖,修改一个类,可能会带来其他类的修改,这不是我们想要看到的,有了Computer类,他们之间的关系被放在了Computer类里,这样就起到了解耦的作用,这,就是外观模式!
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原文地址:http://my.oschina.net/carbenson/blog/500199