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如果怀疑有风湿症状，请咨询风湿病专家rheumatologist
检测：
rheumatoid factor (RF)类风湿因子
anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) 抗瓜氨酸抗体
Among people with RA, the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) are potential markers of premature mortality。
原因：基因与环境的互动
Many cases are believed to result from an interaction between genetic factors and environmental exposures.
类风湿关节炎（RA），导致过早死亡，残疾
症状：多关节疼痛，不适
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease which manifests itself in multiple joints of the body.
影响5个以上关节
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune condition, is a chronic inflammatory polyarthritis (arthritis that affects 5 or more joints)
影响滑膜和和其它器官
The inflammatory process primarily affects the lining of the joints (synovial membrane), but can also affect other organs.
关节变形和软骨腐蚀
The inflamed synovium leads to erosions of the cartilage and bone and sometimes joint deformity.
很多新药用于治疗和防止关节变形。
There is no cure for RA, but new effective drugs are increasingly available to treat the disease and prevent deformed joints.
关节炎患者在四种最常见的合并症，以流行的有以下几种：
良好自我管理，锻炼有助于减轻疼痛和残疾。
In addition to medications and surgery, good self-management, including exercise, are known to reduce pain and disability.
执行低冲击有氧运动，如散步，和演习，以提高肌肉的力量。这将提高你的整体健康和减少对关节的压力。
Perform low-impact aerobic exercises, such as walking, and exercises to boost muscle strength.
6个月内早期诊断有助减轻疾病。
Ideally, RA is diagnosed early -- within 6 months of symptom onset -- so that treatment can begin as soon as possible to slow or halt disease progression.
研究表明，谁得到早期治疗类风湿关节炎的人感觉更好更快，更频繁，而且更可能导致积极的生活。它们也不太可能具有的关节损伤，导致关节置换的类型
Studies show that people who receive early treatment for RA feel better sooner and more often, and are more likely to lead an active life.
研究表明，谁得到早期治疗类风湿关节炎的人感觉更好更快，更频繁，而且更可能导致积极的生活。它们也不太可能具有的关节损伤，导致关节置换的类型。 -
Expertise is vital to make an early diagnosis of RA and to rule out diseases that mimic RA, thus avoiding unneeded tests and treatments
早期诊断很难，因为早期RA症状可以是非特异性的（例如，不适，疲劳，乏力，肌肉酸痛，低热，体重减轻等），实际上可能是其他疾病的症状
Early diagnosis is challenging because the symptoms of early RA can be non-specific (eg, malaise, fatigue, weakness, muscle soreness, low-grade fever, and weight loss) and may actually be symptoms of other conditions
此病最常见40-60岁开始发生，但它可以再任何年龄发展。
The disease most often begins between the fourth and sixth decades of life.
However, RA can start at any age.
类风湿性关节炎是一种慢性（长期）疾病，导致疼痛，僵硬，肿胀和许多关节活动受限和功能。而RA可以影响任何关节，在手和脚的小关节倾向于参与次数最多。炎症有时可影响内脏为好，例如眼睛或肺部。
RA is a chronic (long-term) disease that causes pain, stiffness, swelling and limited motion and function of many joints.
While RA can affect any joint, the small joints in the hands and feet tend to be involved most often。
Inflammation sometimes can affect organs as well, for instance, the eyes or lungs. -
The stiffness seen in active RA is most often worst in the morning.It may last one to two hours (or even the whole day). Stiffness for a long time in the morning is a clue that you may have RA, since few other arthritic diseases behave this way.
骨关节炎一般不引起早晨僵硬。
For instance, osteoarthritis most often does not cause prolonged morning stiffness.
见于活性RA的刚度是最经常在早晨最差。它可能持续一到两个小时（甚至整个天）。刚度很长一段时间，早上是一个你可能有RA，因为很少有其他关节炎疾病的行为这样的线索。
它体征和症状，可发生在RA中包括：
Firm lumps, called rheumatoid nodules, which grow beneath the skin in places such as the elbow and hands
In RA, the focus of the inflammation is in the synovium, the tissue that lines the joint.
RA很难发现，它开始时有轻微症状，例如关节疼痛或早晨僵硬。
RA can be hard to detect because it may begin with subtle symptoms, such as achy joints or a little stiffness in the morning.
在RA中，炎症的焦点是在滑膜中，组织的行关节。免疫细胞释放炎症引起的化学物质。这些化学物质可以破坏软骨和骨（即关节之间咕的组织）。其他的事情可能在RA中发挥的作用也是如此。例如，基因，影响免疫系统可能使某些人更容易得到RA。
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/biopy/p/4782382.html
