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Interior Gateway Protocol |
Exterior Gateway Protocols |
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Distance Vector |
Link-State |
Path Vector |
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IPv4 |
RIPv2 |
EIGRP |
OSPFv2 |
IS-IS |
BGP-4 |
IPv6 |
RIPng |
EIGRP for IPv6 |
OSPFv3 |
IS-IS For IPv6 |
BGP-MP |
Link-State | Yes |
Routing Algorithm | SPF |
metric | cost |
Areas | supports the same two-level hierarchy |
packet types | same Hello, DBD, LSR, LSU, LSAck packtets |
Neighbor Discovery | Transitions through the same states using Hello packets |
DR and BDR | Function and election process is the same |
Router ID | 32-bit router ID: determined by the same process in both protocols |
OSPFv2 | OSPFv3 | |
Advertises | IPv4 netwroks | IPv6 prefixes |
Source Address | IPv4 source address | IPv6 link-local address |
Destination Address |
Choice of
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Choice of
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Advertise Networks | Configured using the network router configuration command | Configured using the ipv6 ospf process-id area area-id interface configuration command |
IP unicast Routing | IPv4 unicast routing is enabled by default | IPv6 unicast-routing global confiugration command must be configured |
Authentication | Plain text and MD5 | IPv6 authentication(IPsec) |
Link-Local Address
IPv6 link-local address are ideal for this purpose. An IPv6 link-local address enables a device on the same link and only on that link(subnet). Packets with a source or destination link-local address cannot be routed beyond the link from where the packet originated.
Steps to Configure OSPFv3:
Step 1: Enable IPv6 unicast routing: ipv6 unicast-routing
Step 2: (Optional) Configure link-local address.
Step 3: Configure a 32-bit router ID in OSPFv3 router configuration mode using the router-id rid command.
Step 4: Configure optional routing specifics such as adjusting the reference bandidth.
Step 5: (Optional) Configure OSPFv3 interface specific settings. For example, adjust the interface bandwidth.
Step 6: Enable IPv6 routing by using the ipv6 ospf area command.
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing R1(config)# R1(config)#interface g0/0 R1(config-if)#description R1 LAN R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/64 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)# R1(config-if)#interface s0/0/0 R1(config-if)#description link to R2 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::1/64 R1(config-if)#clock rate 128000 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)# R1(config-if)#interface s0/0/1 R1(config-if)#description Link to R3 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:DB8:CAFE:A003::1/64 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#end R1#
show ipv6 interface brief
You will find Link-local addresses are automatically created when an IPv6 unicast address is assigned to the interface. Global unicast address is assigned to the interface. Global unicast addresses are not required on an interface; However, IPv6 link-local addresses are.
Unless configured manually, Cisco routes create the link-local address using FE80::/10 prefix and the EUI-64 process. EUI-64 involves using the 48-bit Ehternet MAC address, inserting FFFE in the middle and flipping the sevent bit. For serial interface, Cisco uses the MAC address of an Ethernet interface.
Link-local addresses created using the EUI-64 format or in some cases, random interface IDs, make it difficult to recognize and remember those address. Because IPv6 routing protocols use IPv6 link-local addresses for unicast addressing and next-hop address information in the routing table, It is common practice to make it an easily recognizable address. You can assign the same link-local address because the link-local address is only required for local communications.
R1(config)#interface g0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface s0/0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface s0/0/1 R1(config-if)#ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local R1(config-if)#exit
A link-local address has a prefix within the range FE80 - FEBF. When an address begins with this hextet(16-bit segment) the link-local keyword must follow the address.
OSPFv3 Router ID
R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 10 R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1 R1(config-rtr)#auto-cost reference-bandwdth 1000 R1(config-rtr)#end
R1#clear ipv6 ospf process R1#show ipv6 protocols
Enabling OSPFv3 on Interfaces
R1(config)#interface g0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 10 area 0 R1(config-if)# R1(config-if)#interface s0/0/0 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 10 area 0 R1(config-if)# R1(config-if)#interface s0/0/1 R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 10 area 0 R1(config-if)#end R1#show ipv6 ospf interface brief
Verify OSPFv3 command:
show ipv6 ospf neighbor
show ipv6 protocols
show ipv6 ospf interface {brief}
show ipv6 route ospf
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/4785036.html