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题目链接：http://poj.org/problem?id=3414
此题和poj1606一样 ：http://blog.csdn.net/u012860063/article/details/37772275
Description
You are given two pots, having the volume of A and B liters respectively. The following operations can be performed:
Write a program to find the shortest possible sequence of these operations that will yield exactly C liters of water in one of the pots.
Input
On the first and only line are the numbers A, B, and C. These are all integers in the range from 1 to 100 and C≤max(A,B).
Output
The first line of the output must contain the length of the sequence of operations K. The following K lines must each describe one operation. If there are several sequences of minimal length, output any one of them. If the desired result can’t be achieved, the first and only line of the file must contain the word ‘impossible’.
Sample Input
3 5 4
Sample Output
6 FILL(2) POUR(2,1) DROP(1) POUR(2,1) FILL(2) POUR(2,1)
题目大意：
有二个水壶，对水壶有三种操作：
1)FILL(i)，将i水壶的水填满；
2)DROP(i)，将水壶i中的水全部倒掉；
3)POUR(i,j)将水壶i中的水倒到水壶j中，若水壶 j 满了，则 i 剩下的就不倒了，问进行多少步操作，并且怎么操作，输出操作的步骤，两个水壶中的水可以达到C这个水量。如果不可能则输出impossible。初始时两个水壶是空的，没有水。
代码如下：
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
struct cup
{
int x, y;
int step;
int flag;//标记操作
cup *pre;//记录路径
};
queue<cup>Q;
stack<int>R;
int a, b, e;
int vis[117][117]={0};//标记当前状态是否到达过
int ans;
void BFS(int x, int y)
{
cup c;
cup t[317];//目前瓶子里剩余的水量
c.x = 0, c.y = 0;
c.flag = 0;
c.pre = NULL;
c.step = 0;
Q.push(c);
vis[x][y] = 1;
int count = -1;
while(!Q.empty())
{
count++;
t[count] = Q.front();
Q.pop();
for(int i = 1; i <= 6; i++)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1: //fill a
c.x = a;
c.y = t[count].y;
c.flag = 1;
break;
case 2: //fill b
c.x = t[count].x;
c.y = b;
c.flag = 2;
break;
case 3: //drop a
c.x = 0;
c.y = t[count].y;
c.flag = 3;
break;
case 4: //drop b
c.x = t[count].x;
c.y = 0;
c.flag = 4;
break;
case 5: //pour a to b
if(t[count].x > b-t[count].y)
{
c.x = t[count].x-(b-t[count].y);
c.y = b;
}
else
{
c.x = 0;
c.y = t[count].y+t[count].x;
}
c.flag = 5;
break;
case 6: //pour b to a
if(t[count].y > a-t[count].x)
{
c.y = t[count].y - (a-t[count].x);
c.x = a;
}
else
{
c.x = t[count].x+t[count].y;
c.y = 0;
}
c.flag = 6;
break;
}
if(vis[c.x][c.y])
continue;
vis[c.x][c.y] = 1;
c.step = t[count].step+1;
c.pre = &t[count];
if(c.x == e || c.y == e)
{
ans = c.step;
while(c.pre)
{
R.push(c.flag);
c = *c.pre;
}
return;
}
Q.push(c);
}
}
}
void print()
{
while(!R.empty())
{
int i = R.top();
R.pop();
switch(i)
{
case 1:cout<<"FILL(1)"<<endl;break;
case 2:cout<<"FILL(2)"<<endl;break;
case 3:cout<<"DROP(1)"<<endl;break;
case 4:cout<<"DROP(2)"<<endl;break;
case 5:cout<<"POUR(1,2)"<<endl;break;
case 6:cout<<"POUR(2,1)"<<endl;break;
}
}
}
int main()
{
cin >>a>>b>>e;
BFS(0,0);
if(ans == 0)
cout<<"impossible"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<ans<<endl;
print();
}
return 0;
}poj3414 Pots（BFS+路径输出）,布布扣,bubuko.com
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/u012860063/article/details/37768979
