git在用户管理及管理上，下面上三种解决办法：
如果需要团队里的每个人都对仓库有写权限，又不能给每个人在服务器上建立账户，那么提供 SSH 连接就是唯一的选择了。我们假设用来共享仓库的服务器已经安装了 SSH 服务，而且你通过它访问服务器。
有好几个办法可以让团队的每个人都有访问权。
第一个办法是给每个人建立一个账户，直截了当但过于繁琐。反复的运行 adduser 并且给所有人设定临时密码可不是好玩的。
第二个办法是在主机上建立一个 git 账户，让每个需要写权限的人发送一个 SSH 公钥，然后将其加入 git 账户的 ~/.ssh
/authorized_keys 文件。这样一来，所有人都将通过 git 账户访问主机。这丝毫不会影响提交的数据——访问主机用的身份不会影响
commit的记录。
另一个办法是让 SSH 服务器通过某个 LDAP 服务，或者其他已经设定好的集中授权机制，来进行授权。只要每个人都能获得主机的 shell
访问权，任何可用的 SSH 授权机制都能达到相同效 # 如果需要团队里的每个人都对仓库有写权限，又不能给每个人在服务器上建立账户，那么提供
SSH 连接就是唯一的选择了。我们假设用来共享仓库的服务器已经安装了 SSH 服务，而且你通过它访问服务器。
git 共享仓库服务器： Aries.lansgg.com 192.168.100.128
git 客户测试机： node1.lansgg.com 192.168.100.129
方法一 示例、
git 仓库服务器，新建仓库，测试机获取git仓库，修改，远程上传。ssh 方式
[root@Aries ~]# useradd -d /opt/gitServer gitServer [root@Aries ~]# echo "git"|passwd --stdin gitServer 更改用户 gitServer 的密码 。 passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@Aries ~]# yum install git -y [root@Aries ~]# su - gitServer [gitServer@Aries ~]$ ls [gitServer@Aries ~]$ mkdir TestProject.git [gitServer@Aries ~]$ cd TestProject.git/ [gitServer@Aries TestProject.git]$ git --bare init Initialized empty Git repository in /opt/gitServer/TestProject.git/ [gitServer@Aries TestProject.git]$ ls branches config description HEAD hooks info objects refs
客户测试机
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -d /opt/gitServer gitServer [root@node1 ~]# echo "gitServer" |passwd --stdin gitServer 更改用户 gitServer 的密码 。 passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@node1 ~]# su - gitServer [root@node1 ~]# git clone gitServer@192.168.100.128:/opt/gitServer/TestProject.git Initialized empty Git repository in /root/TestProject/.git/ The authenticity of host ‘192.168.100.128 (192.168.100.128)‘ can‘t be established. RSA key fingerprint is 9f:32:3a:b0:db:03:b6:c8:fc:a0:47:6c:e5:d1:b0:6a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.100.128‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts. gitServer@192.168.100.128‘s password: warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. [root@node1 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog TestProject [root@node1 ~]# cd TestProject/ [root@node1 TestProject]# echo "test file" > test.file [root@node1 TestProject]# git add test.file [root@node1 TestProject]# git config --global user.name "gitServer" [root@node1 TestProject]# git config --global user.email git@lansgg.com [root@node1 TestProject]# git commit -m "test commit" test.file [master 96bf273] test commit 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) [gitServer@node1 TestProject]$ git remote add test_remote_origin ssh://192.168.100.128/opt/gitServer/TestProject.git [gitServer@node1 TestProject]$ git push test_remote_origin master gitServer@192.168.100.128‘s password: Counting objects: 5, done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 252 bytes, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To ssh://192.168.100.128/opt/gitServer/TestProject.git 7e2e4a4..96bf273 master -> master
git 仓库服务端
[gitServer@Aries TestProject.git]$ git log commit 96bf2738c6602283ea91778b999f7adf66c0082c Author: gitServer <gitServer@lansgg.com> Date: Tue Sep 22 17:05:12 2015 +0800 test commit
我们可以随便找个目录clone下，看看是否存在 刚刚提交的 test.file
[root@Aries ~]# mkdir /opt/tt [root@Aries ~]# cd /opt/tt [root@Aries tt]# git clone gitServer@192.168.100.128:/opt/gitServer/TestProject.git Initialized empty Git repository in /opt/tt/TestProject/.git/ The authenticity of host ‘192.168.100.128 (192.168.100.128)‘ can‘t be established. RSA key fingerprint is 9f:32:3a:b0:db:03:b6:c8:fc:a0:47:6c:e5:d1:b0:6a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.100.128‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts. gitServer@192.168.100.128‘s password: remote: Counting objects: 6, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. Receiving objects: 100% (6/6), 435 bytes, done. remote: Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) [root@Aries tt]# ls TestProject [root@Aries tt]# cd TestProject/ [root@Aries TestProject]# ls test.file [root@Aries TestProject]# cat test.file test file abc [root@Aries TestProject]#
方法二 示例、
在测试机创建两个账户 user1 user2，分别将秘钥上传至git 仓库侧，
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -d /opt/user1 user1 [root@node1 ~]# echo "user1" |passwd --stdin user1 更改用户 user1 的密码 。 passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@node1 ~]# useradd -d /opt/user2 user2 [root@node1 ~]# echo "user2" |passwd --stdin user2 更改用户 user2 的密码 。 passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@node1 ~]#
[root@node1 ~]# su - user1 [user1@node1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa [root@node1 ~]# su - user2 [user1@node1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
分别将user1、user2 用户的公钥新增git仓库服务器侧的
[user2@node1 .ssh]$ pwd /opt/user2/.ssh [user2@node1 .ssh]$ ll 总用量 8 -rw-------. 1 user2 user2 1671 9月 22 17:18 id_rsa -rw-r--r--. 1 user2 user2 404 9月 22 17:18 id_rsa.pub [user2@node1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAp0Im8iL7UR2b0PWrJ98YY/nqvjnuYWNc2F52SYn1/WA8rwGBWW0WBmKMoyW8YfSpCVk7QbyhX48Y3KF/Gf16CWRMm8xuyA+S5Seq3ZGnLbbVhb0OMO8VDAldovnIuPdI6005+ux/WbG1FKr3WxGs5k92ZO9hbXxpcVAwpvHY47t1v2LH5fW2jThypWMolUdp9TaNy7FkD2zaUNhbdqM1w67OSydiHAMfj183sEso9TykiXJvwlJeLdUMFywPTwfVqu2rxV0lY68B2mwr1pl5mcGPA4/0ruX8vSFsFLev8+yi7LjccChAu/suPIFGLqRXrkW8ymsN/l3CkldnS9Y0BQ== user2@node1.lansgg.com [user2@node1 .ssh]$
git 仓库服务侧
[gitServer@Aries ~]$ mkdir .ssh && chmod 700 .ssh [gitServer@Aries ~]$ touch .ssh/authorized_keys && chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys
[gitServer@Aries ~]$ cat .ssh/authorized_keys ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA1pII1U64N/wl1OXotWdcU8d8+ad0q6tkqdBgXLcR5zqXIq9PPe1NeLJ5HS9UIvZeN/LEyXGYh+fyg8tFQ+2PN3CmxnVwwcciyl1AKAgTeKUdleh8qcXPZkI0YZBpgTbuYWYHNjA6Qd9cvJSdKe9cVvwsv7N1z17Mx1uIfNSuSZ9e4XqUsJksBAzAYEGar4S13+Y/il7lquwkrdVBiWfWHmf/WoeY2RnzNBe9YtPVFUPL8HEoYyYaU+YXXMZKOZ8JwuLu1CPDJHTquSTyqdEwmgJWDdoiipgtyVOEVGZC0CqV16M2YpVqw26rrZ+nXUQYEnTrWyIiqt8/xvzmeDIf0Q== user1@node1.lansgg.com ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAp0Im8iL7UR2b0PWrJ98YY/nqvjnuYWNc2F52SYn1/WA8rwGBWW0WBmKMoyW8YfSpCVk7QbyhX48Y3KF/Gf16CWRMm8xuyA+S5Seq3ZGnLbbVhb0OMO8VDAldovnIuPdI6005+ux/WbG1FKr3WxGs5k92ZO9hbXxpcVAwpvHY47t1v2LH5fW2jThypWMolUdp9TaNy7FkD2zaUNhbdqM1w67OSydiHAMfj183sEso9TykiXJvwlJeLdUMFywPTwfVqu2rxV0lY68B2mwr1pl5mcGPA4/0ruX8vSFsFLev8+yi7LjccChAu/suPIFGLqRXrkW8ymsN/l3CkldnS9Y0BQ== user2@node1.lansgg.com [gitServer@Aries ~]$
客户测试机 无需用户名、密码
[user1@node1 ~]$ git clone gitServer@192.168.100.128:/opt/gitServer/TestProject.git Initialized empty Git repository in /opt/user1/TestProject/.git/ The authenticity of host ‘192.168.100.128 (192.168.100.128)‘ can‘t be established. RSA key fingerprint is 9f:32:3a:b0:db:03:b6:c8:fc:a0:47:6c:e5:d1:b0:6a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.100.128‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts. remote: Counting objects: 9, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done. remote: Total 9 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Receiving objects: 100% (9/9), done. [user1@node1 ~]$
如果提交过程：提示如下错误
Counting objects: 3, done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 247 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) remote: error: refusing to update checked out branch: refs/heads/master remote: error: By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository remote: error: is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent remote: error: with what you pushed, and will require ‘git reset --hard‘ to match remote: error: the work tree to HEAD. remote: error: remote: error: You can set ‘receive.denyCurrentBranch‘ configuration variable to remote: error: ‘ignore‘ or ‘warn‘ in the remote repository to allow pushing into remote: error: its current branch; however, this is not recommended unless you remote: error: arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some remote: error: other way. remote: error: remote: error: To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set remote: error: ‘receive.denyCurrentBranch‘ configuration variable to ‘refuse‘.
试着将如下配置新增到
[git@JumpServer1 pl.git]$ cat .git/config [receive] denyCurrentBranch = ignore
再次提交
本文出自 “大風” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://lansgg.blog.51cto.com/5675165/1697247
原文地址：http://lansgg.blog.51cto.com/5675165/1697247
