OpenStack计算服务是基础设施即服务（IaaS）系统的主要组成部分。OpenStack计算服务使用Keystone来执行其身份验证，使用Horizon作为其管理接口，并使用Glance提供其镜像服务。
一、OpenStack 计算服务包含的组件
图1.1. OpenStack Nova组件
二、OpenStack计算节点基本环境配置
1.配置主机名和网络信息
1.1配置主机名
root@compute1:~# vim /etc/hostname compute1
1.2 配置IP地址
root@compute1:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.100.102 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.100.2
1.3 配置名称解析hosts
root@compute1:~# vim /etc/hosts # controller 192.168.100.100 controller # network 192.168.100.101 network # compute1 192.168.100.102 compute1
2.网络时间协议ntp
2.1 安装ntp服务器
root@compute1:~# apt-get install ntp
2.2 配置/etc/ntp.conf 服务
server controller iburst
2.3重启ntp服务
root@compute1:~# /etc/init.d/ntp restart
3.系统升级更新
3.1 更新openstack 仓库源
root@compute1:~# apt-get install ubuntu-cloud-keyring root@compute1:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudarchive-kilo.list deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/kilo main
3.2升级软件包，如果升级过程中包含内核的升级，需要重启服务器。
root@compute1:~# apt-get update root@compute1:~# apt-get dist-upgrade
三、安装和配置控制节点
下面介绍如何在控制节点上面安装和配置计算服务，即Nova。下面所有的操作步骤在控制节点上面操作。
在安装和配置计算服务之前，必须先创建数据库、服务证书和API。
1.1数据库配置
1）创建数据库
root@controller:~# mysql -uroot –p MariaDB [(none)]> create database nova; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
2）给数据库授权
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO‘nova‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘sfzhang1109‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO‘nova‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘sfzhang1109‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.27 sec)
3）退出数据库客户端
MariaDB [(none)]> exit Bye
1.2 导入admin身份凭证以便执行管理命令
root@controller:~# source admin-openrc.sh
1.3 创建服务证书
1）创建nova用户（密码：nova）
root@controller:~# openstack user create--password-prompt nova User Password: Repeat User Password: +----------+----------------------------------+ | Field |Value | +----------+----------------------------------+ | email |None | | enabled |True | | id |44ccbfd3be744176b3650dc0eb24d5b8 | | name |nova | | username | nova | +----------+----------------------------------+
2）添加nova用户到admin角色
root@controller:~#openstack role add --project service --user nova admin +-------+----------------------------------+ |Field | Value | +-------+----------------------------------+ |id | 05616505a61c4aa78f43fba9e60ba7fc | |name | admin | +-------+----------------------------------+
3）创建nova服务实体
root@controller:~#openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStackCompute" compute +-------------+----------------------------------+ |Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ |description | OpenStack Compute | |enabled | True | |id |22b9948004934b169b0618c533e3a7e4 | |name | nova | |type | compute | +-------------+----------------------------------+
1.4创建nova服务的API endpoint
root@controller:~#openstack endpoint create --publicurlhttp://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s --internalurl http://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s --adminurlhttp://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s --region RegionOne compute +--------------+-----------------------------------------+ |Field | Value | +--------------+-----------------------------------------+ |adminurl | | |id |027bc91642794be6b1880e03b8dd5a92 | |internalurl | | |publicurl | | |region | RegionOne | |service_id |22b9948004934b169b0618c533e3a7e4 | |service_name | nova | |service_type | compute | +--------------+-----------------------------------------+
四、安装和配置计算控制节点组件
下面所有的操作步骤在控制节点上面操作。
1.安装软件包
root@controller:~#apt-get install nova-api nova-cert nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler python-novaclient
2.编辑nova /etc/nova/nova.conf配置文件
1）在[database]部分配置数据库访问
connection= mysql://nova:sfzhang1109@controller/nova
2）在[DEFAULT]和[oslo_messaging_rabbit]部分配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
[DEFAULT] ... rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] ... rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = 2015OS##
这里的密码为rabbitmqctladd_user命令添加openstack用户的密码
3) 在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分配置身份认证服务
[DEFAULT] ... auth_strategy= keystone [keystone_authtoken] ... auth_uri= http://controller:5000 auth_url= http://controller:35357 auth_plugin= password project_domain_id= default user_domain_id= default project_name= service username= nova password= nova
4) 在[DEFAULT]部分配置控制节点网络IP地址
[DEFAULT] ... my_ip= 192.168.100.100
5) 在[DEFAULT]部分配置 VNC代理以使用控制节点的网络地址
[DEFAULT] ... vncserver_listen =192.168.100.100 vncserver_proxyclient_address =192.168.100.100
6) 在[glance]部分配置镜像服务的位置
[glance] ... host = controller
7）在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置lock路径
[oslo_concurrency] … lock_path= /var/lib/nova/tmp
8）在[DEFAULT]段中开启详细日志配置，为后期的故障排除提供帮助
[DEFAULT] ... log_dir=/var/log/nova verbose = True
3.初始化nova数据库
root@controller:~# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage dbsync" nova 2015-09-1814:09:42.462 5096 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 215 -> 216... …
4.启动nova服务
root@controller:~# service nova-api restart root@controller:~# service nova-cert restart root@controller:~# service nova-consoleauth restart root@controller:~# service nova-scheduler restart root@controller:~# service nova-conductor restart root@controller:~# service nova-novncproxy restart
5.默认会创建SQLite数据库，因为使用的是MYSQL数据库，因此要删除QLite数据库文件
root@controller:~# rm -f /var/lib/nova/nova.sqlite
四、安装和配置计算节点
这部分描述如何在一个计算节点上面安装和配置compute服务。这个服务支持一些hypervisors来部署实例或者虚拟机。
1.安装compute hypervisor组件
root@compute1:~#apt-get install nova-compute sysfsutils
2.编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf配置文件
1）在[DEFAULT]和[oslo_messaging_rabbit]部分配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
[DEFAULT] ... rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] ... rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = 2015OS##
这里的密码为rabbitmqctladd_user命令添加openstack用户的密码
2）在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分配置身份认证服务
[DEFAULT] ... auth_strategy= keystone [keystone_authtoken] ... auth_uri= http://controller:5000 auth_url= http://controller:35357 auth_plugin= password project_domain_id= default user_domain_id= default project_name= service username= nova password= nova
3) 在[DEFAULT]部分配置控制节点网络IP地址
[DEFAULT] ... my_ip= 192.168.100.100
4) 在[DEFAULT]部分启用和配置remote console 访问
[DEFAULT] ... vnc_enabled = True vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0 vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.102 novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
5) 在[glance]部分配置镜像服务的位置
[glance] ... host = controller
6）在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置lock路径
[oslo_concurrency] … lock_path= /var/lib/nova/tmp
7）在[DEFAULT]段中开启详细日志配置，为后期的故障排除提供帮助
[DEFAULT] ... log_dir=/var/log/nova verbose = True
五、完成安装
1.验证计算机是否支持虚拟机硬件加速
root@controller:~#egrep -c ‘(vmx|svm)‘ /proc/cpuinfo 1
如果这个命令返回 1或更大的值，说明计算节点支持硬件加速，不需要进行额外的配置。
如果这个命令返回的是 0，说明计算节点不支持硬件加速，必须进行下面的设置。
设置libvirt使用QEMU 而不能使用KVM。 编辑文件/etc/nova/nova-compute.conf在[libvirt] [libvirt] ... virt_type = qemu
2.重启计算服务
root@compute1:~# service nova-compute restart
3.默认会创建SQLite数据库，因为使用的是MYSQL数据库，因此要删除QLite数据库文件
root@compute1:~#rm -f /var/lib/nova/nova.sqlite
六、OpenStack 计算节点nova验证操作
注意：验证操作在控制节点上面进行。
1.执行admin身份凭证
root@controller:~#source admin-openrc.sh
2.列出服务组件来验证每个进程的成功创建和注册
下面显示四个服务在控制节点启用，一个服务在计算节点
root@controller:~#nova service-list +----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ | Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason | +----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ |1 | nova-cert | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:42.000000 | - | |2 | nova-consoleauth | controller |internal | enabled | up |2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000 | - | |3 | nova-scheduler | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000 | - | |4 | nova-conductor | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000 | - | |5 | nova-compute | compute1 | nova | enabled | up |2015-09-24T06:46:40.000000 | - | +----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
3.列出API endpoints 在 Identity service核实身份验证连接服务
root@controller:~#nova endpoints +-----------+----------------------------------+ |keystone | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id |2129b615198b4bcc8067b750a4edabb6 | |interface | public | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url |http://controller:5000/v2.0 | +-----------+----------------------------------+ +-----------+----------------------------------+ |keystone | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id |426dd482fcb14c2bb4f65edeb9e23b77 | |interface | internal | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url |http://controller:5000/v2.0 | +-----------+----------------------------------+ +-----------+----------------------------------+ |keystone | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id | 8b0de58ca9994bb8a4f576443ec92f9b | |interface | admin | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url |http://controller:35357/v2.0 | +-----------+----------------------------------+ +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |nova | Value | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |id |5dd845c869994633a866cd8612cee27b | |interface | admin | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url |http://controller:8774/v2/d04d4985d62f42e2af2ddc35f442ffd9 | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |nova | Value | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |id | adfbb3d19a504d3098757b6303818d8d | |interface | public | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url |http://controller:8774/v2/d04d4985d62f42e2af2ddc35f442ffd9 | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |nova | Value | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ |id |c05aa31990d948f0b44b5e6c5868c0cd | |interface | internal | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url | | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+ +-----------+----------------------------------+ |glance | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id |74a9ff79e8a8430b9ed467e10465a93d | |interface | public | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url | http://controller:9292 | +-----------+----------------------------------+ +-----------+----------------------------------+ |glance | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id |c397966e81874832aaaef103ad7e2dff | |interface | admin | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url | http://controller:9292 | +-----------+----------------------------------+ +-----------+----------------------------------+ |glance | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ |id | f63ad1c91cdb43ed9841b91b4aa543e1 | |interface | internal | |region | RegionOne | |region_id | RegionOne | |url | http://controller:9292 | +-----------+----------------------------------+
4.列出镜像在 Image service 目录验证连接 Image service
root@controller:~#nova image-list +--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+ |ID |Name | Status | Server | +--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+ |df54ff49-b167-4fed-987a-0ade3cbc9aca | cirros-0.3.4-x86_64 | ACTIVE | | +--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
备注：
1）OpenStack官方文档：
http://docs.openstack.org/kilo/install-guide/install/apt/content/
2）控制节点nova.conf完整的配置文件
[DEFAULT] dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge log_dir=/var/log/nova state_path=/var/lib/nova lock_path=/var/lock/nova force_dhcp_release=True libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True verbose=True ec2_private_dns_show_ip=True api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini enabled_apis=ec2,osapi_compute,metadata rpc_backend = rabbit auth_strategy = keystone my_ip = 192.168.100.100 vncserver_listen = 192.168.100.100 vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.100 [oslo_messaging_rabbit] rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = 2015OS## [database] connection = mysql://nova:sfzhang1109@controller/nova [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:35357 auth_plugin = password project_domain_id = default user_domain_id = default project_name = service username = nova password = nova [glance] host = controller [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
3）计算节点nova.conf完整的配置文件
[DEFAULT] dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge log_dir=/var/log/nova state_path=/var/lib/nova lock_path=/var/lock/nova force_dhcp_release=True libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True verbose=True ec2_private_dns_show_ip=True api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini enabled_apis=ec2,osapi_compute,metadata rpc_backend = rabbit auth_strategy = keystone my_ip = 192.168.100.100 vnc_enabled = True vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0 vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.102 novncproxy_base_url = [oslo_messaging_rabbit] rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = 2015OS## auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:35357 auth_plugin = password project_domain_id = default user_domain_id = default project_name = service username = nova password = nova [glance] host = controller [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
本文出自 “朴实的追梦者” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://sfzhang88.blog.51cto.com/4995876/1697866
OpenStack(kilo版本)计算服务Nova的安装部署
原文地址：http://sfzhang88.blog.51cto.com/4995876/1697866
