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PXE – Preboot Execute Environment – 预启动执行环境
我们在Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.1上搭建PXE。
查看dhcpd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep dhcpd
搜索dhcp软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum search dhcp
安装dhcp软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp –y
查看dhcpd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep dhcpd
查看dhcpd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status dhcpd
查看dhcp软件包配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qc dhcp
查看dhcp软件包帮助文档
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qd dhcp
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[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf # # DHCP Server Configuration file. # see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example # see dhcpd.conf(5) man page # option domain-name "dhcp"; # option domain-name-servers 192.168.2.60; #
default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # 192.168.2.0/24 range 192.168.2.150 192.168.2.250; # range pxe client ip address next-server 192.168.2.60; # tftp server ip address filename "pxelinux/pxelinux.0"; # /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.0 see details below } [root@localhost ~]# |
检查配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf语法是否正确
[root@localhost ~]# dhcpd -t
开启dhcpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start dhcpd
查看dhcpd服务的状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status dhcpd
查看dhcpd服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled dhcpd
设置dhcpd服务开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable dhcpd
查看dhcpd服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled dhcpd
查看xinetd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep xinetd
搜索xinetd软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum search xinetd
安装xinetd软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install xinetd –y
查看xinetd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep xinetd
查看xinetd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status xinetd
开启xinetd服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start xinetd
查看xinetd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status xinetd
查看xinetd服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled xinetd
查看tftp服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep tftp
搜索tftp-server软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum search tftp-server
安装tftp-server软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install tftp-server –y
查看tftp服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep tftp
查看tftp服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status tftp.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status tftp.service
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[root@localhost ~]# sed -i ‘/disable/s/yes/no/‘ /etc/xinetd.d/tftp [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp # default: off # description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \ # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \ # workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \ # and to start the installation process for some operating systems. service tftp { socket_type = dgram protocol = udp wait = yes user = root server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot disable = no per_source = 11 cps = 100 2 flags = IPv4 } [root@localhost ~]# |
开启tftp服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tftp.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tftp.service
查看tftp服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status tftp.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status tftp.service
查看tftp服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled tftp.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled tftp.service
设置tftp服务开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable tftp.socket
查看vsftpd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep vsftpd
搜索vsftpd软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum search vsftpd
安装vsftpd软件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install vsftpd –y
查看vsftpd服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep vsftpd
查看vsftpd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd
使用默认配置
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[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@localhost ~]# |
开启vsftpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
查看vsftpd服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd
查看vsftpd服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled vsftpd
设置vsftpd服务开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd
查看vsftpd服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled vsftpd
RHELS7.1x86_64光盘镜像rhel-server-7.1-x86_64-dvd.iso
挂载镜像
[root@localhost ~]# mount -o loop rhel-server-7.1-x86_64-dvd.iso /media/source/
创建目录文件/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux
查找syslinux软件包
[root@localhost ~]# find /media/source/ -name ‘syslinux*‘ | grep -v extlinux
解压syslinux软件包
[root@localhost ~]# find /media/source/ -name ‘syslinux*‘ | grep -v extlinux | xargs -I {} rpm2cpio {} | cpio –dimv
复制文件pxelinux.0到目录文件/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
[root@localhost ~]# find . -name ‘pxelinux.0‘ | xargs -I {} cp {} /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
复制文件initrd.img和vmlinuz到目录文件/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
[root@localhost ~]# cp /media/source/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
复制文件vesamenu.c32和boot.msg到目录文件/var/lib/tftp/pxelinux/
[root@localhost ~]# cp /media/source/isolinux/{vesamenu.c32,boot.msg} /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
创建目录文件/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg
复制文件isolinux.cfg到目录文件/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/并将其改名为default
[root@localhost ~]# cp /media/source/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default
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[root@localhost ~]# sed -i ‘/hd:/c \ append initrd=initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.60/pub/‘ /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default [root@localhost ~]# sed -i ‘/menu\ default/d‘ /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default [root@localhost ~]# sed -i ‘/Install\ Red\ Hat\ Enterprise\ Linux\ 7\.1$/a \ menu\ default‘ /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default default vesamenu.c32 timeout 600
display boot.msg
# Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed. # For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without # the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode. menu clear menu background splash.png menu title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 menu vshift 8 menu rows 18 menu margin 8 #menu hidden menu helpmsgrow 15 menu tabmsgrow 13
# Border Area menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none
# Selected item menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Title bar menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none
# Press [Tab] message menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none
# Unselected menu item menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Selected hotkey menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Unselected hotkey menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Help text menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# A scrollbar of some type? Not sure. menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none
# Timeout msg menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Command prompt text menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message.
menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items.
menu separator # insert an empty line menu separator # insert an empty line
label linux menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 menu default kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.60/pub/
label check menu label Test this ^media & install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.60/pub/
menu separator # insert an empty line
# utilities submenu menu begin ^Troubleshooting menu title Troubleshooting
label vesa menu indent count 5 menu label Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 in ^basic graphics mode text help Try this option out if you‘re having trouble installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1. endtext kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.60/pub/
label rescue menu indent count 5 menu label ^Rescue a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system text help If the system will not boot, this lets you access files and edit config files to try to get it booting again. endtext kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.60/pub/
label memtest menu label Run a ^memory test text help If your system is having issues, a problem with your system‘s memory may be the cause. Use this utility to see if the memory is working correctly. endtext kernel memtest
menu separator # insert an empty line
label local menu label Boot from ^local drive localboot 0xffff
menu separator # insert an empty line menu separator # insert an empty line
label returntomain menu label Return to ^main menu menu exit
menu end [root@localhost ~]# |
复制光盘镜像中的所有内容到目录文件/var/ftp/pub/
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /media/source/. /var/ftp/pub/
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777 /var/ftp/pub/
查看firewalld服务是否存在
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep firewalld
查看firewalld服务状态
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --state
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld
查看firewalld服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld
列出所有
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
添加服务
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=tftp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp
重启firewalld服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart firewalld
列出所有
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
查看SELINUX状态
[root@localhost ~]# sestatus
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/macleemosaic/p/4978197.html
