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Cobertura 是一种开源工具，它通过检测基本的代码，并观察在测试包运行时执行了哪些代码和没有执行哪些代码，来测量测试覆盖率。除了找出未测试到的代码并发现 bug 外，Cobertura 还可以通过标记无用的、执行不到的代码来优化代码，还可以提供 API 实际操作的内部信息。
Cobertura跟Maven完美结合，只需要在pom文件中增加一个插件即可：
<plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.7</version> </plugin>
项目开发正确过程应该如此：
1.创建一个User对象：
package jmust.demo.Cobertura; /** * Hello world! * */ public class User { private String userName; private String password; private String nickName; public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getNickName() { return nickName; } public void setNickName(String nickName) { this.nickName = nickName; } public User(){ super(); } public User(String userName,String password,String nickName){ super(); this.userName = userName; this.password = password; this.nickName = nickName; } }
2.定义功能接口类：
package jmust.demo.Cobertura.Inter; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.User; public interface IUserService { public boolean add(User user); public boolean delete(String userName); public User load(String userName); public User login(String userName,String password); }
3.编写单元测试类：
package jmust.demo.CoberturaTest; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.User; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.Exception.UserException; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.Inter.IUserService; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.Service.UserService; /** * Unit test for simple User. */ public class UserServiceTest { private IUserService us; private User user; @Before public void setUp(){ //初始化 us = new UserService(); user = new User("admin","123","管理员"); } @Test public void addTest(){ User u = user; us.add(u); User tu = us.load("admin"); assertNotNull(tu); } @Test(expected=UserException.class) public void AddExistUsername(){ us.add(user); User tu = new User("admin", "1234", "alskdf"); boolean state = us.add(tu); assertFalse(state); } @Test public void testDelete(){ us.add(user); User tu = us.load(user.getUserName()); assertNotNull(tu); us.delete(user.getUserName()); tu = us.load(user.getUserName()); assertNull(tu); } @Test public void testLogin(){ us.add(user); String username=user.getUserName(); String password=user.getPassword(); User tu = us.login(username, password); assertNotNull(tu); } @Test(expected=UserException.class) public void testNotExistsUserLogin(){ us.add(user); String username="admin1"; String password="123"; User tu = us.login(username, password); assertNotNull(tu); } @Test(expected=UserException.class) public void testPasswordErrorUserLogin(){ us.add(user); String username="admin"; String password="1235"; User tu = us.login(username, password); assertNotNull(tu); } }
4.再编写功能实现类：
package jmust.demo.Cobertura.Service; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.User; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.Exception.UserException; import jmust.demo.Cobertura.Inter.IUserService; public class UserService implements IUserService{ private Map<String,User> us = new HashMap<String,User>(); /** * 添加 */ public boolean add(User user) { if(load(user.getUserName()) != null){ throw new UserException("用户已存在"); } us.put(user.getUserName(), user); return true; } /** * 删除 */ public boolean delete(String userName) { us.remove(userName); return true; } /** * 加载 */ public User load(String userName) { return us.get(userName); } /** * 登录 */ public User login(String userName, String password) { User u = load(userName); if(u == null) throw new UserException("用户不存在"); if(!u.getPassword().equals(password)) throw new UserException("用户密码不正确"); return u; } }
到此，项目开发完成了。然后我们来执行，看看它的覆盖率如何：
首先，我们先来把项目打包成jar包，通过maven命令执行, mvn install或者mvn package或者mvn deploy
然后，我们再继续执行maven命令，mvn cobertura:cobertura ，完成后，会在项目的目录target下有个site文件夹，我们打开里面的index页面，可以看到详细的覆盖率以及代码执行次数等。
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/lvk618/p/5002571.html
