修改数据文件和日志文件路径

--创建测试数据库
USE [master]
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test1] ON  PRIMARY 
( NAME = N‘Test1‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test1\Test1.mdf‘ )
 LOG ON 
( NAME = N‘Test1_log‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test1\Test1_log.ldf‘)
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test2] ON  PRIMARY 
( NAME = N‘Test2‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test2\Test2.mdf‘ )
 LOG ON 
( NAME = N‘Test2_log‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test2\Test2_log.ldf‘)
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test3] ON  PRIMARY 
( NAME = N‘Test3‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test3\Test3.mdf‘ )
 LOG ON 
( NAME = N‘Test3_log‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test3\Test3_log.ldf‘)
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test4] ON  PRIMARY 
( NAME = N‘Test4‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test4\Test4.mdf‘ )
 LOG ON 
( NAME = N‘Test4_log‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test4\Test4_log.ldf‘)
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test5] ON  PRIMARY 
( NAME = N‘Test5‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test5.mdf‘ ), 
( NAME = N‘Test51‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test51.ndf‘), 
( NAME = N‘Test52‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test52.ndf‘), 
( NAME = N‘Test53‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test53.ndf‘)
 LOG ON 
( NAME = N‘Test5_log‘, FILENAME = N‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test5_log.ldf‘)
GO


/******操作前备份所有用户数据库及系统数据库******/
--1、查看数据库基本信息
SELECT name,database_id,user_access_desc,state_desc,recovery_model_desc,log_reuse_wait_desc,is_encrypted 
FROM sys.databases d
ORDER BY name

--2、确定数据库的逻辑文件名称以及在磁盘上的当前位置
SELECT DB_NAME([database_id])AS [Database Name],
[file_id], name, physical_name, type_desc, state_desc,
CONVERT( bigint, size/128.0) AS [Total Size in MB]
FROM sys.master_files WITH (NOLOCK)
WHERE [database_id] > 4
AND [database_id] <> 32767
OR [database_id] = 2
ORDER BY DB_NAME([database_id]) OPTION (RECOMPILE);

--3、使用 ALTER DATABASE 更改每个文件的位置(更改前需创建新目录)
USE master;
GO
--Test1
ALTER DATABASE Test1
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test1, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test1\Test1.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test1
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test1_log, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test1\Test1_log.ldf‘);
GO
--Test2
ALTER DATABASE Test2
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test2, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test2\Test2.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test2
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test2_log, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test2\Test2_log.ldf‘);
GO
--Test3
ALTER DATABASE Test3
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test3, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test3\Test3.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test3
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test3_log, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test3\Test3_log.ldf‘);
GO
--Test4
ALTER DATABASE Test4
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test4, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test4\Test4.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test4
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test4_log, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test4\Test4_log.ldf‘);
GO
--Test5
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test5, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test5.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test5_log, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test5_log.ldf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test51, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test51.ndf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test52, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test52.ndf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test53, FILENAME = ‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test53.ndf‘);
GO
--注意：上面语句执行后注意从系统目录查看文件位置是否正常

--4、停止SQL Server服务、拷贝数据库文件、启用服务(重启之前使用修改前的旧路径,tempdb不需拷贝)
 
--5、使用步骤1、2查看数据库状态、数据文件路径(路径问题基本可以从ERRORLOG中查出)


----特殊问题处理
USE master;
GO
--数据文件用新名称(测试正常)
ALTER DATABASE Test1
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test1, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test1\Test1_new.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test1
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test1_log, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test1\Test1_log_new.ldf‘);
GO
--停止SQL Server服务、拷贝数据库文件、修改数据文件名为上面脚本中的名称、启用服务


--数据文件逻辑名称和物理名称带"."(测试正常)
--先用GUI给Test5添加逻辑名称为‘Test5.T1.54‘路径为‘E:\SQLData\Test5\Test5.T1.54.ndf‘的数据库文件
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test5, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test5.mdf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test5_log, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test5_log.ldf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test51, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test51.ndf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test52, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test52.ndf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = Test53, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test53.ndf‘);
GO
ALTER DATABASE Test5
MODIFY FILE (NAME = N‘Test5.T1.54‘, FILENAME = ‘D:\SQLData\Test5\Test5.T1.54.ndf‘);
GO

----也可以使用分离附加
--分离数据库
USE [master]
GO
EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db @dbname = N‘Test5‘
GO

--附加数据库(影响数据库创建时间)
USE [master]
GO
CREATE DATABASE [Test5] ON 
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test5.mdf‘ ),
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test5_log.ldf‘ ),
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test51.ndf‘ ),
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test52.ndf‘ ),
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test53.ndf‘ ),
( FILENAME = N‘E:\SQLData\Test5.T1.54.ndf‘ )
 FOR ATTACH
GO

--删除测试数据库
USE MASTER
GO
DROP DATABASE [Test1]
DROP DATABASE [Test2]
DROP DATABASE [Test3]
DROP DATABASE [Test4]
DROP DATABASE [Test5]
GO